The four tones of Pinyin: the first tone is indicated by "ˉ", such as lā; the second tone is indicated by "ˊ", such as lá; the third tone is indicated by "ˇ", such as lǎ;

Ping, Shang, and Deheng are collectively called Shu, while the incoming sounds are Prompt. Shu consonants end with a vowel or nasal sound, and fushin consonants end with a stop. In addition to being a tone, 入声 is also a collective term for a series of rhymes that end in a stop consonant. Modern Mandarin has lost the incoming tones. Since the Tang and Song dynasties, the Chinese language has developed eight tones on the basis of four tones, or four tones and eight tones, by distinguishing between yin and yang tones corresponding to the clear and turbid tones of the consonants.

Extended information:

The pitch of tones, on the other hand, is relative, and there is no requirement for an absolute value of pitch. Since different people are different, vocal pitch is not required to be equally high for everyone. Women and children because the vocal cords are shorter and smaller than young men;

So the wavelength is a little shorter, the pitch is inversely proportional to the wavelength, so the pitch of their tones is higher than that of young men in most cases; in addition, the change in pitch is a sliding one, not like jumping from one scale to another.