Gastroenteritis management
A, diet to do the following:
1. less fried food: because this kind of food is not easy to digest, it will aggravate the burden of the digestive tract, eat more will cause indigestion, but also to make the blood fat increase, is not good for health.
2. Eat less pickled food: these foods contain more salt and certain carcinogens, it is not advisable to eat more.
3. Eat less cold food irritating food: cold and irritating food has a strong stimulating effect on the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, which can easily cause diarrhea or inflammation of the digestive tract.
4. Regular diet: research shows that regular meals, regular meals, can form a conditioned reflex, which helps the secretion of the digestive glands, more conducive to digestion.
5. Timing and quantitative: to achieve the right amount of food at each meal, three meals a day, to the prescribed time, whether hungry or not, should take the initiative to eat, to avoid over-hunger or over-full.
6. Appropriate temperature: The temperature of the diet should be "not hot and not cold".
7. Chew and swallow slowly: to reduce the burden on the stomach and intestines. The more you chew your food, the more saliva you secrete, which has a protective effect on the gastric mucosa.
8. Drinking water at the right time: the best time to drink water is in the morning on an empty stomach and one hour before each meal, drinking water immediately after the meal will dilute the gastric juice, with soup and rice will also affect the digestion of food.
9. Pay attention to the cold: stomach cold will make the stomach function is impaired, so pay attention to the stomach to keep warm do not get cold.
10. Avoid stimulation: do not smoke, because smoking makes the stomach vasoconstriction, affecting the blood supply of the stomach wall cells, so that the gastric mucosa resistance is reduced and induced gastric disease. Should drink less alcohol, eat less chili, pepper and other spicy foods.
11. Supplementary vitamin C: vitamin C has a protective effect on the stomach, gastric fluid to maintain a normal level of vitamin C, can effectively play the function of the stomach, protect the stomach and enhance the stomach's ability to resist disease. Therefore, eat more vitamin C-rich vegetables and fruits.
12. Foods containing vitamin C
Cherries guava red pepper yellow pepper persimmons broccoli strawberries oranges mustard cauliflower kiwifruit Expansion: some nutrients and vitamin C with can complement each other, the body's good effects greatly strengthened
1. Vitamin E, beta-carotene and vitamin C are listed as the same as the potent anti-acidification of vitamin E, which prevents body acidification, skin diseases and chronic diseases caused by improper lifestyle habits, such as high blood pressure, etc. With vitamin E, beta carotene and then with vitamin C, the effect is even more enhanced.
Foods rich in vitamin E: cabbage, carrots, eggplant, chicken liver, sunflower seeds and so on.
Foods rich in beta carotene: rape, capers, amaranth, carrots, cauliflower, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, yellow corn and so on.
2. Iron
Iron is an inorganic substance that prevents anemia, and women in particular are more likely to be deficient. Taken together with vitamin C, it improves the absorption of iron. It is recommended that people with anemia take iron and vitamin C together.
Foods rich in iron: pig's blood, pig's liver, black fungus, jujubes and so on.
3. Calcium
Calcium is the material that builds bones. Taken together with vitamin C, it can greatly improve the body's absorption of calcium, and in order to strengthen bones, it can also be paired with some magnesium.
Calcium-rich foods: shrimp, rice, flour, spinach, soy milk, baby bok choy, milk and so on.
4. Vitamin B6, B12, Folic Acid
Vitamin B6, B12 and Folic Acid are the best nutrients for preventing atherosclerosis. According to the research, it is found that these 3 nutrients, if consumed together with Vitamin C, can make the atherosclerosis improve or even stop.
Foods rich in vitamin B6: chicken, liver, potatoes, sunflower seeds, pears and bananas.
Foods rich in vitamin B12: animal liver, beef, pork, eggs, milk, cheese and so on. Foods rich in folic acid: spinach, milk, animal liver, potatoes, fruits, tomatoes and so on.
5. Flavonoids
is a plant component that can strengthen the body's ability to resist acidification, and vitamin C taken together, can be more improved antioxidant capacity.
Foods rich in flavonoids: tea and red wine made with grape skins (drink only a small glass a day), apples, parsnips, celery, scallions
13. The main thing is to get plenty of rest.
Diet, drink more salt and sugar water, with boiling water with salt and sugar to mix well, nothing to drink. It is regulating the stomach and intestines, very effective.
Drink more porridge, cornmeal, white porridge. Eat less high-fiber physical products, such as green vegetables, with leafy type, these will make your stomach bloating, it is best not to eat.
Take your temperature often throughout the day. Drink salt and sugar water if it's not over 38 degrees. If the fever is strong, go to the hospital and get an IV. Second, gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis is a hemorrhagic or necrotizing inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa and its deep tissues. Its clinical manifestations are characterized by severe gastrointestinal dysfunction and varying degrees of autointoxication. Gastroenteritis can be divided into chronic gastroenteritis and acute gastroenteritis.
Common Symptoms
Some or all of the symptoms that may occur 1-5 days after infection include: diarrhea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, dysphoria, and fever.
Symptoms of Acute Gastroenteritis
Acute gastroenteritis is primarily caused by unclean eating and drinking, and is often due to infections from a variety of bacteria such as dysentery bacilli and Salmonella spp. infections. At this time, the bacteria will produce a large number of toxins, and through the intestinal tract absorption, and cause a variety of symptoms. It belongs to the category of Chinese medicine "vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea" and other diseases. Symptoms of acute gastroenteritis include upper gastrointestinal symptoms and varying degrees of diarrhea and abdominal discomfort, followed by loss of electrolytes and fluids. In China, the incidence is higher in summer and fall, with no gender difference, and the general incubation period is 12 to 36 hours. Acute gastroenteritis also mainly manifests as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, etc., and in severe cases, it can lead to dehydration, electrolyte disorders and shock. Patients mostly manifested as nausea, vomiting in the first; followed by diarrhea, 3-5 times a day or even dozens of times, stools are watery, dark yellow or greenish, malodorous, can be accompanied by abdominal cramps, fever, body aches and pains and other symptoms.
Symptoms of chronic gastroenteritis
I. The most common symptom of chronic gastroenteritis is diarrhea, one or more times a day. Some only after breakfast outbreaks of many bowel movements, the rest of the time can be no diarrhea, but also occasionally more than 20 times a day diarrhea. Diarrhea does not occur at night and does not wake up with the sensation of a bowel movement, so it does not disturb sleep and bowel incontinence does not occur. In some patients, the feces contain a large amount of white or clear mucus, or even all mucus.
Two, abdominal pain, the pain site is mostly seen in the left lower abdomen or right upper abdomen. The nature of the pain complaints vary: colic, distension, sharp pain, stabbing pain, tightening pain, etc. can be. It may last from a few minutes to a few hours and is relieved by defecation, bowel movements or enemas.
Third, other manifestations of chronic gastroenteritis: often accompanied by other symptoms of the digestive system, such as bloating in the epigastric region after eating, anorexia, belching, nausea, etc., may be accompanied by some symptoms of vegetative nervous disorders, such as palpitations, fatigue, lethargy, excessive sweating, hot flashes, headache, etc.; some psychiatric symptoms may also be present, such as insomnia, anxiety, depression, etc..
Acute gastroenteritis is an acute inflammatory change in the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract caused by eating food containing pathogenic bacteria and their toxins, or by eating improperly, such as excessive amounts of stimulating indigestible food. The incidence is higher in summer and fall in China, with no gender difference, and the general incubation period is 12 to 36 hours.
At the beginning, the patient mostly presents acute dyspepsia symptoms, and then gradually or rapidly turn into gastroenteritis symptoms. The patient has loss of appetite, dry and foul-smelling mouth, yellowish-white moss on the tongue, and often accompanied by abdominal pain. Bowel sounds are enhanced at the beginning and then weakened or disappeared, and there is constant discharge of thin or watery feces with a fishy or malodorous odor, and blood and necrotic tissue fragments are mixed in the feces. Dehydration can be caused by diarrhea. When dehydration is severe, urine is scanty and colorful, eyes are sunken, skin elasticity is reduced, rapid emaciation, and abdominal circumference is tight. When defecation occurs, the patient cannot stand but lies down in a state of exhaustion. With the development of the disease, high body temperature, pulse is fine, cold extremities, lethargy; severe cases can cause circulatory and microcirculatory disorders, convulsions and death.
Chronic gastroenteritis is a long, slow disease, the main symptoms are the same as acute, can cause malignant disease. Acute gastroenteritis is mainly manifested as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea; fever, etc., severe cases can lead to dehydration, electrolyte disorders, shock. Patients mostly manifested as nausea, vomiting in the first; followed by diarrhea, 3-5 times a day or even dozens of days, stools are mostly watery, dark yellow or greenish, malodorous, can be accompanied by abdominal cramps, fever, body aches and pains and other symptoms.
Three, prevention
Not eat unclean fruits and melons
Melons and fruits in the growth of watering, fertilizer, spraying pesticides, in the collection, handling and sale process, susceptible to bacterial infections, so that many melons and fruits of the epidermis with bacteria, eggs and chemical pesticides, so melons and fruits in the eat before you have to rinse with water several times before eating. All can peel the melon and fruit, should be peeled and then eat, otherwise easy to occur pesticide accumulation poisoning.
Avoid eating a stimulating diet
The stimulating food such as cold food and spicy food should be chosen according to personal conditions, original dietary habits and seasons, avoid eating too much, especially should not be addicted to alcohol.
Pay attention to tableware hygiene
Tableware should be cleaned before and after use. Some people use boiling water to rinse the dishes before use, in fact, not as effective as a more thorough rinse with clean water. Dishcloths should be kept clean and as dry as possible, otherwise they tend to breed bacteria.
Don't eat while walking
Because there are many unseen bacteria and viruses in the air that fly along with the dust, it's easy to contaminate food, leading to gastrointestinal illnesses.
Dietary taboos
1, avoid tobacco, alcohol and spicy stimulating food: ethanol can dissolve the gastric mucous membrane epithelial lipoprotein layer, the gastric mucous membrane has a greater damage, people in the smoking, the smoke in the harmful substances, dissolved and attached to the oral cavity, the pharynx, with the swallowing of gastric mucous membrane into the stomach, these harmful substances on the gastric mucous membrane is also very damaging.
Therefore, patients with acute and chronic gastritis must quit smoking and drinking, so as not to aggravate the condition, or even cause malignant lesions.
2, avoid diet irregularity: gastritis diet should be light in principle, the gastric mucosa stimulation of the main, but not light diet can relieve the patient's symptoms. Should be regular diet, do not over hunger and overfilling, small meals as a principle. Especially the old and weak, gastrointestinal function decline, 4 to 5 meals a day is better, each time to sixty or seventy percent full is good. The food should pay attention to the proportion of sugar, fat and protein, and the content of vitamins and other essential nutrients.
3, avoid unclean diet: gastritis patients should pay special attention to dietary hygiene, especially in summer, raw fruits and vegetables to wash, do not eat spoiled food. Because the contaminated spoiled food contains a large number of bacteria and bacterial toxins, the gastric mucosa has a direct destructive effect. Put in the refrigerator food, be sure to cook cooked through before eating, such as found spoiled, to be determined to throw away, prohibited from eating.
4, avoid too cold, hot, hard food: too cold food and drink, after eating can lead to gastric spasm, gastric mucous membrane vasoconstriction, is not conducive to inflammation; too hot food and drink, after eating will be directly scalded or stimulate the mucous membrane of the stomach. Gastritis patient's food should be soft and hard moderate, too hard and rough food, coarse fiber vegetables, fried or barbecued food with oil, after eating can increase the mechanical digestive burden of the stomach, so that the gastric mucous membrane by friction and damage, aggravate the inflammatory lesions of the mucous membrane.
In addition, chili pepper, mustard, pepper, strong tea, coffee, cocoa and other foods or drinks, the gastric mucosa has a stimulating effect, can make the mucosa congestion, aggravate the inflammation, should also be quit.
Prevention of acute gastroenteritis in summer in addition to pay attention to dietary hygiene, hand washing, disinfection of household items is also very important. Tableware, towels, clothing, of course, should be strictly disinfected, toilet, toilet compartment, faucet switch should also be disinfected, can not be ignored. Because the toilet, toilet compartment in the patient defecation is very easy to be splashed with bacterial secretion contamination, at the same time the patient after washing hands is also very easy to contaminate the faucet switch.
Four, treatment
1. Western medicine treatment
(1) general treatment: try to bed rest, oral glucose an electrolyte solution to replenish the loss of body fluids. If vomiting persists or dehydration is obvious, intravenous supplementation of 5%-10% glucose saline and other relevant electrolytes is required. Encourage ingestion of light fluid or semi-fluid food crystals to prevent dehydration or treat mild dehydration.
(2) Symptomatic treatment: injection of antiemetic drugs if necessary: for example, intramuscular chlorpropamide 25-100mgl day. Antispasmodic drugs: such as belladonna 8n can 11 times, 3 times a day. Antidiarrheal drugs: such as Simethicone 1 bag each time, 2-3 times a day.
(3) antimicrobial therapy: the therapeutic role of antimicrobials in this disease is controversial. For infectious diarrhea, targeted antimicrobials can be used appropriately, such as safranin 0.3g orally, 3 times a day or gentamicin 80,000u orally, 3 times a day. However, antimicrobial abuse should be prevented.
2. Chinese medicine treatment
(1) gastrointestinal damp-heat: the disease starts rapidly, nausea, vomiting and acid swallowing, abdominal pain paroxysm, diarrhea is urgent, the stool is unpleasant, feces color is yellowish-brown and smelly, thirst and want to drink, heartburn, urine is short and reddish, the tongue coating is yellowish and greasy, and the pulse is confusing or slippery.
Treatment: clearing away heat and removing dampness, regulating Qi to stop diarrhea.
Prescription: Pueraria lobata 10 grams, Scutellaria baicalensis 10 grams, Huanglian 6 grams, Mucuna pruriens 10 grams, Poria 12 grams, Psyllium sativum 10 grams, white lentils 10 grams, Coix lacryma-jobi 15 grams, Lotus leaf 10 grams, Glycyrrhiza glabra 6 grams.
(2) Cold-damp obstruction: vomiting clear water. Nausea, diarrhea like water, abdominal pain and intestinal tinnitus accompanied by chills and fever, neck or general joint pain, thin white or white greasy moss, and Ba pulse.
Treatment: dispersing cold and removing dampness, harmonizing the middle and stopping diarrhea.
Prescription: Huo Xiang 10 grams, Daji Pi 10 grams, Angelica dahurica]O grams, Perilla frutescens 10 grams, Poria 12 grams, Qing Han Xia 10 grams, Atractylodes Macrocephala 10 grams, Chen Pi 10 grams, Hou Pu 10 grams, Ginger 5 grams, Glycyrrhiza Uralensis 6 grams. Proprietary Chinese medicine: Huo Xiang Zheng Qi Shui.
(3) food stagnation stomach and intestines: nausea and anorexia, get food more and more, vomiting back to fast; abdominal pain, diarrhea, obscene odor, gas compulsion, diarrhea, pain relief, moss is thick and greasy, the pulse is smooth and solid.
Treatment: eliminate food and stagnation, harmonize the stomach and lower the rebellious.
Prescription: 10 grams of burnt hawthorn, 10 grams of Shenqu, IO grams of Semixia, 12 grams of Poria, 10 grams of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, 10 grams of Leptosphaeriae, and 10 grams of Picropylidium Dahliae.
Chinese medicines: Baohe Pills, Xianglian Huaxia Pills.
(4) Weakness of the spleen and stomach: insufficient endowment, spleen deficiency, dietary indiscretion is vomiting and diarrhea, loose stools, vomiting of water, and when the time to rest, the color of the face is not gorgeous, fatigue and fatigue, the tongue is pale, the pulse is 10 weak. Treatment: strengthen the spleen and regulate qi, and stomach to stop diarrhea.
Prescription: 3 grams of ginseng, 12 grams of Atractylodes macrocephala, 10 grams of Chinese yam, 12 grams of poria, 12 grams of white lentils, 10 grams of tangerine peel, 3 grams of sand nuts, 12 grams of Semen Coix lacryma, 6 grams of licorice.
Chinese medicine: ginseng spleen pill.
3, folk remedies
1, take a few garlic peeled, mashed as mud, add 1 cup of rice vinegar, and well, drink slowly.
2, take the white onion 5, the white onion pounded fried hot, applied to the umbilical cord at the point of Shenque, outside the gauze bandage fixed, change the medicine once a day.
3, take 50 grams of garlic, garlic mashed and fried hot, applied to the umbilical cord in the Shen Que point, the external gauze bandage fixed, change the medicine once a day.
4, take the head of garlic appropriate amount, mashed paste in porphyry bottom heart Yongquan point, change the medicine once a day.
5, take 30 grams of fresh lentils, a number of green onions, the lentils washed to remove the old tendons into the water blanch through, fish out and sprinkle a little salt draining, heat, will be green onions, oil and seasoning into the mix, and eat with food.
6, take the purple skin garlic 1 ~ 2, garlic pounded into mud, with dilute noodle soup and well, once eaten after bed rest.
7, take 60 grams of pomegranate leaves, 15 grams of ginger, 30 grams of salt and fried to black, water fried tea. 1 dose a day, divided into morning and afternoon 2 times warm service.
8, with squid bone or egg shells appropriate amount, drying, research into very fine powder, each time to take 5 grams, 3 ~ 4 times a day, half an hour before drinking warm water to serve. Cure ulcer disease with excessive stomach acid.
9, 30 grams of fresh celery root, licorice 10 grams, fresh eggs 1. Celery, licorice decoction, hit the egg rinse. The treatment of regurgitation and vomiting is effective.
100 grams of Job's tears, 20 grams of light bamboo leaves, water decoction tea drink, treatment of summer and summer enteritis diarrhea.
10, 10 grams of chicken gold, fried malt 30 grams, 10 grams of Chen Pi, the first 30 minutes of decoction, remove the slag and take the juice, add 100 grams of rice, *** simmering gruel, eat 3 times a day. Applicable to injured food enteritis. Acupressure:
Take the white onion, ginger 30 grams of each pounded, add 300 ml of water, boil for 30 minutes, while hot, with the index finger dipped in the liquid in the patient's thumb and the root of the little finger on the palmar surface, rubbing outward for 12 times, and then to the internal customs point (6.6 cm on the transverse carpal stripe, the palmar longitudinal muscle tendon and between the radial flexor muscle Jian), the arm above the push and rub each 12 times, 1~2 times a day, for 2~3 days. [1]
Fifth, these drugs will exacerbate acute gastroenteritis
After suffering from gastric disease, to take medication is normal, but there are some medicines will also have an exacerbating effect on the disease, such as acute gastroenteritis of the medication must be careful, because some of the pain relievers contain medicines that are not good for acute gastroenteritis, after taking not only the condition is not relieved, but also may be aggravating the situation. What are the medications that patients with acute gastritis can't take?
Experts pointed out that acute simple gastritis due to chemical factors, physical factors and biological factors, caused by acute inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa. Clinically, acute simple gastritis caused by infection or eating food contaminated by bacterial toxins is common. Generally, the onset of the disease is more acute, in a few hours after eating contaminated food to 24h onset, the symptoms vary in severity, manifested in the middle and upper abdominal discomfort, pain, or even severe abdominal cramps. Experts warned patients with acute gastritis which drugs should not be served?
(1) salicylic acid: aspirin, sodium salicylate.
(2) Anilines: paracetamol, finasteride.
(3) Pyrazolones: prednisone, aminopyrine.
(4) Other anti-inflammatory organic acids: anti-inflammatory pain, ibuprofen.
(5) Tetracycline, morphine.
The above drugs can directly stimulate the gastric mucosa, causing epigastric discomfort, nausea, vomiting, when there is active gastritis exists, easy to cause gastric ulcers and undetectable gastric bleeding. And it can also inhibit the biosynthesis of prostaglandins in the body, so that the protective effect of the gastric mucosa is weakened, aggravating the damage to the gastric mucosa. Therefore, acute gastroenteritis medication must be cautious.
It's better to get early treatment for gastroenteritis, so that you don't have to brand the roots of the disease, and it's difficult to cure it later. You should eat less spicy, cold and greasy food. Acute gastroenteritis in addition to pay attention to dietary hygiene and hand washing, disinfection of household items is also very important, tableware towels clothing certainly should be strictly disinfected, toilets, faucet switches should also be disinfected, can not be ignored,
3, in the diarrhea when it is recommended that you should not eat more oily foods and fried foods, cooking a variety of dishes should be as little as possible oil and often use steaming, cooking, blanching, braising, water sliding and other methods, the available black tea, burnt rice porridge soup, etc. Astringent drinks. The additional meals should be a small number of meals, increase nutrition.
In the process of dietary regimen, patients and their families should pay attention to observe the nature of the disease, pay attention to the impact of food on the patient, such as which food patients feel uncomfortable after eating or allergic reaction, should summarize the experience in a timely manner, and continue to find a suitable diet for the patient. In the onset of the disease solid can not eat vegetables, fruits, should pay attention to the appropriate amount of vitamin supplements to ensure that the body of vitamin needs.
Sixth, every day on time, try to eat a small number of meals, do not stay up late, give the stomach and intestines a healthy work and rest time, maintain a positive and healthy state of mind, gastrointestinal diseases naturally away from you.
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