The roots and fruits of Trichosanthes trichosanthes do not have exactly the same effects as Trichosanthes trichosanthes.

The root of Trichosanthes trichosanthes is called trichosanthes. Its main functions are to clear away heat and purge fire, produce fluid and quench thirst, reduce swelling and expel pus. It is mainly used to treat polydipsia due to febrile disease, cough due to lung heat, quenching thirst due to internal heat, and sores, swelling and poison. Modern pharmacological research shows that it has a hypoglycemic effect. Trichosanthin protein can induce labor and terminate pregnancy when injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly, so pregnant women should use it with caution.

The fruits of Trichosanthes trichosanthes are mainly effective in clearing away heat and eliminating phlegm, widening the chest and dispersing stagnation, and moistening the intestines. It is used for cough due to lung heat, turbid yellow and thick phlegm, chest pain and heartache, and swollen and painful breast abscess, lung abscess and intestinal abscess.

In general, although the roots and fruits of Trichosanthes trichosanthes have certain medicinal value, their specific effects and uses are different.