1. Anthelmintic effect: The earthworm experiment method proves that pumpkin seed ethanol extract has an anthelmintic effect. Concentrated pumpkin seed preparation for cats, 100-300 mg/kg, is administered once into the stomach and has an obvious anthelmintic effect on tapeworms, Toxocara, etc. 40% pumpkin seed powder boiling liquid and 30% melon seed extract have a paralyzing effect on the middle and rear segments of beef tapeworm or pork tapeworm in vitro, making them thinner and wider, and the middle segment of the segment is sunken (the middle segment is especially obvious), while the The head and mature proglottids do not have this effect. Synthetic dl-cucurbitine has been fed to dogs and mice, and it is effective against canine cyst tapeworm, legissiform tapeworm and mouse tapeworm; in vitro experiments have shown that the 1:500 solution makes canine tapeworms more obvious Excitement, even contracture, and synergistic effects with arecoline hydrobromide.

2. Anti-Schistosoma japonicum effect: Pumpkin seeds can prevent Schistosoma japonicum from migrating to the liver in animals. When mice were infected with schistosomiasis, giving them pumpkin seeds for 28 days had a preventive effect but had no killing effect on adult worms. Domestic pigs inoculated with schistosomiasis cercariae were fed shelled and deoiled pumpkin seed powder every day, and the preventive effect was basically similar to the experimental results in mice. Experiments on mice have shown that oral administration of pumpkin seeds can inhibit and kill Schistosoma japonicum larvae in the body, with a stronger effect on female worms; however, it has no killing effect on adult Schistosoma worms. Morphological changes began to occur only after taking the medicine for 1 week (3g per day). Degenerative changes. C. Moschatavar. The preventive effect of melonaefOrmis is greater than that of bare-shelled pumpkin seeds. C. Moschatavar. Toonas. Fresh pumpkin seeds have the same preventive effect as 1-year-old pumpkin seeds. Pumpkin seeds from different origins can inhibit the growth of schistosomiasis in mice, but the effects vary. The effect of seeds produced in Xuzhou is more significant. Pumpkin seed pulp powder and raw pumpkin seed kernels also have the effect of inhibiting and killing schistosomiasis larvae. The powder made by fermentation method also has the same preventive effect. Four methods including alcohol precipitation can be used to separate the active ingredients of pumpkin seeds. The active ingredient for preventing and treating schistosomiasis is a water-soluble substance, namely pumpkin acid. The inhibitory effect of pumpkin seeds on larvae is mainly before the sexual development stage; it can kill some larvae in the host liver, which is manifested by inflammatory reaction and degenerative changes of the worm body. Pumpkin acid cannot kill adult worms, but it can cause the worms to shrink, the reproductive organs to degenerate, and the eggs in the uterus to decrease.

3. Other effects: Mice are given 2-10g/kg of concentrated pumpkin seed preparation by gavage, which is not toxic. However, oral administration of 4g can cause temporary pathological damage to the liver, lungs, kidneys, etc., causing Decreased glycogen and increased fat in the liver. Pumpkin acid causes mild atrophy of liver cells and a small amount of fat infiltration in the liver, which quickly returns to normal after stopping the drug. After the rabbits infected with schistosomiasis were fed pumpkin seeds, their serum transaminase and cholinesterase showed some changes. However, after 3 weeks of autopsy, the liver lesions of the rabbits were very mild and the number of worms in the body was not reduced. This may be because the rabbits do not like to eat pumpkin seeds and are hungry. related'. Giving a large amount of pumpkin acid to mice orally or intraperitoneally can make the animals excited and manic, while rabbits and cats may be quiet; but it can increase blood pressure and accelerate breathing in rabbits; it has an inhibitory effect on isolated rabbit intestines.