Scientific name: Dryopteris uncinatus. ) Hatch; ;
Alias: red-haired steamed bread fruit, wild pumpkin, persimmon pepper, lion bowl, hundred oranges, American provincial list, dwarf lang.
Erect shrub, 1-5 m high, much branched; Branchlets grayish brown; Branchlets, lower leaves, outer sepals, ovary and fruit densely pubescent.
Leaf blade is papery or nearly leathery, oblong, rectangular or obovate-oblong, sparsely lanceolate, 3-8 cm long and 1-2.5 cm wide, with blunt, sharp, short or round tip, wedge-shaped to blunt base, gray-green top, only midvein sparsely pubescent or almost hairless, and pink-green bottom; There are 5-7 lateral veins on each side, the lower part is convex and the reticular veins are obvious; Petiole length1-3mm; Stipules triangular, about 65438 0 mm long.
Flowers are small, monoecious or dioecious, and there are 2-5 clustered flowers in the axils of leaves. Male bouquets are often planted in the lower part of branchlets and female bouquets in the upper part, or sometimes female flowers and male flowers are born in the axil of a leaf.
Male flower: pedicel length 4- 15 mm; Sepals 6, oblong or oblong obovate, 2.5-3.5 mm long; Stamens 3, united into a cylinder.
Female flower: pedicel length is about1mm; Sepals 6, similar to those of male flowers, but shorter and thicker; The ovary is spherical with 5- 10 cells, and each cell has 2 ovules. The style is annular, almost equal to the ovary in length and width, and shrinks at the junction with the ovary.
The capsule is oblate, with a diameter of 8- 15 mm, with 8- 10 longitudinal grooves at the edge, reddish at maturity, and a ring-shaped slightly elongated persistent style at the top; Seeds subreniform, trigonous, about 4 mm long, vermilion.
The flowering period is April-August, and the fruiting period is July-165438+ 10.
It is produced in Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Tibet, and is born on slopes, stream bushes or forest margins at an altitude of 300-2200m.
Seeds can be pressed for oil, with an oil content of 20%, and can be used to make soap or lubricating oil.
Roots, stems, leaves and fruits can all be used as medicines, and have the effects of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, diminishing swelling and detoxicating, and can be used for treating dysentery, diarrhea, common cold, fever, cough, abdominal pain, damp-heat lumbago, traumatic injury, xenon (fruit) and the like.
Can also be used as an insecticide; The whole plant can extract tannin extract; Leaves can be used as green manure and put in septic tanks to kill maggots.
This species is very common in barren hills and shrubs in southern China, and it is an indicator plant of acidic soil. (Excerpted from Flora of China)