The knowledge of tea is classified by color.
Alienation of Aureobacterium sp. (fermentation degree 80 100m) in the fermentation of golden tea amber golden tea.
Golden tea was first discovered thousands of years ago and mentioned in the chronicle of China tea. The best gold tea is covered with gold, and the tea soup is amber gold. It is pure natural, mainly produced in Hunan and Fujian. At present, only Hunan has retained a small amount of original leaves of golden tea. Golden tea is extremely precious and rare. It has been a royal tribute since the Han Dynasty. However, it is not widely known because of its scarce output. Golden tea is the highest representative of top tea in China and the highest embodiment of tea culture and technology in China. After several months or years of natural fermentation, the nutrients in the original leaves of tea trees will condense into golden bacteria and cover the surface of tea trees. The strain was studied as sparganopsis coronaria, which is an anti-aging substance contained in spores on the surface of Ganoderma lucidum for a long time. The ancients have long noticed the efficacy of golden tea, so it is also called golden tea? Tea ganoderma lucidum? 、? Jin Lingzhi? Or? Yaochi fairy tea? . A large number of original leaves of golden tea can only be moderately fermented by a small amount of tea to produce uniform golden bacteria.
Green tea is not fermented (the degree of fermentation is zero), such as Huangshan Mao Feng, Luan Guapian, Longjing Tea, Biluochun, Xinyang Maojian Tea, etc.
This is a kind of tea with the largest output in China, and its variety ranks first in the world. Green tea has the characteristics of high aroma, mellow taste, beautiful appearance and resistance to brewing. Its production process includes the processes of enzyme fixation, rolling and drying. Due to the different drying methods in the processing, green tea can be divided into fried green tea, baked green tea, steamed green tea and sun-dried green tea. Green tea is a kind of tea with the largest yield in China, and it is produced in all tea-producing provinces (regions) in China 18. China has the largest variety of green tea in the world, exporting tens of thousands of tons every year, accounting for about 70% of the green tea trade in the world tea market. China traditional green tea-plum tea and pearl tea, with high aroma, mellow taste, beautiful appearance and resistance to brewing, are well received by consumers at home and abroad.
Yellow tea micro-fermented tea (fermentation degree is 10-20m).
In the process of making tea, yellow leaves and yellow soup are formed by boring. Integral? Yellow bud tea? (Including silver buds in Junshan, Dongting Lake, Hunan, yellow buds in Mengding, Ya 'an, Mingshan County, Sichuan, and yellow buds in Huoshan, Anhui)? Huang Xiaocha? (including Beigangzai, Yueyang, Hunan, Maojian, Weishan, Ningxiang, Hunan, Tanghuang, Pingyang, Zhejiang and Luyuan, Yuan 'an, Hubei)? Huang Dacha? (Including Anhui Dayeqing and Huoshan Huang Da Tea).
White tea is a lightly fermented tea (the degree of fermentation is 20-30m), and there are white-haired silver needles and Bai Mudan Gongmei.
When processing, do not fry or knead, only dry the delicate tea leaves with fine hairs on the back or dry them with slow fire, so that the white fine hairs can be preserved completely. White tea is mainly produced in Fuding, Zhenghe, Songxi and Jianyang counties in Fujian. Silver needle? 、? Bai Mudan? 、? Gong Mei? 、? Shoumei? Several kinds.
Semi-fermented green tea (fermentation degree 30-60m): Tieguanyin, Frozen Top Oolong Tea, Wuyi Rock Tea, wuyi cinnamon, Northern Fujian Narcissus, Bajiaoting Longxu Tea, Huang Jingui, Yongchun Bergamot, Phoenix Narcissus, Dahongpao, Luohan, Baiguan Chicken, Carapax Trionycis, Wenshan Baozhong Tea, etc.
Green tea (oolong tea) belongs to semi-fermented tea, that is, a kind of tea whose leaves are slightly red after proper fermentation, which is between green tea and black tea. Both the freshness of green tea and the sweetness of black tea. Because its leaves are green in the middle and red in the edge, there are? Green leaves and red edges? Known as. But does Anxi Tieguanyin, the upstart Tieguanyin, have the latest method of making incense? Green leaves and red edges? The characteristics of. Especially Gandexia Village (Xiayun Village, Xiachun Village, etc.). ) is a typical representative of this practice.
Black Tea Fully Fermented Tea (Fermentation Degree is 80-90m) Qimen Black Tea, Litchi Black Tea, Hong Hu Kung Fu, Dianhong Kung Fu, Ninghong Kung Fu, Yixiu Kung Fu, Yue Hong Kung Fu, Chuanhong Kung Fu, Zhenghe Kung Fu, Hong Min Kung Fu, Tan Yang Kung Fu, etc.
The difference between black tea and green tea lies in the different processing methods. When black tea is processed, it withers, so that fresh leaves lose some water, then it is kneaded (kneaded into strips or cut into granules) and fermented, so that the tea polyphenols contained in it are oxidized and become red compounds. This compound is soluble in water and insoluble in water, but it accumulates in leaves, thus forming red soup and red leaves. There are three main kinds of black tea: competition black tea, kung fu black tea and red broken tea.
Fermented tea after dark tea (fermentation degree 100m) Hunan dark tea, old green tea, Sichuan border tea, Pu 'er tea, Liubao tea, etc.
The raw materials are rough and old, and the leaves are dark brown after a long period of accumulation and fermentation during processing. At first, black tea was mainly sold to border areas, and it was an indispensable daily necessity for Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygur and other fraternal peoples. Pu 'er tea in Yunnan is one of them. what's up Hunan black tea? 、? Hubei old green tea? 、? Guangxi Liubao Tea? Sichuan? West Road Tea and South Road Tea? Yunnan? Tight tea Flat tea? 、? Square tea? And then what? Round tea? And other varieties.
Pu 'er tea is named after its origin in Pu 'er Prefecture (now Pu 'er City) in Yunnan. At present, it generally refers to the tea produced in Pu 'er tea area, which is loose tea and pressed tea made by fermentation of Yunnan big leaf sun-dried tea recognized in Pu 'er tea area. The appearance color is brownish red, the inner soup color is rich, the aroma is unique and mellow, the taste is mellow and sweet, and the leaf color is brownish red. There are two kinds of tea: natural fermentation of raw tea and artificial ripening of cooked tea. ? The older you get, the better? It is recognized that Pu 'er tea is the biggest feature that distinguishes it from other teas. The fragrance in Chen Jiu is fragrant and blue, and it tastes like Pu 'er for thousands of years. ? What is Pu 'er tea? Antiques that can be imported? Different from other teas, Pu 'er tea is expensive. Chen? It tends to appreciate gradually over time.
The knowledge of tea is classified by season.
1. Spring tea-refers to the tea picked from late March to mid-May of that year. The moderate temperature and abundant rainfall in spring, coupled with the recuperation of tea trees for half a year in winter, make spring tea buds full, green in color, soft in leaves and rich in vitamins, especially amino acids. It not only makes the taste of spring tea fragrant, but also has health care function. Tieguanyin is the representative of oolong tea and spring tea in Anxi county, which is famous for its appearance and soup color. You have to? . (Another example is Luan Guapian and Shanlong Black Tea)
2. Summer tea-refers to the hot summer weather of tea picked from early May to early July, and the rapid growth of new shoots and leaves of tea trees, which makes the content of water extracts that can dissolve tea soup relatively reduced, especially the reduction of amino acids, making the taste and aroma of tea soup less rich than that of spring tea. Because the contents of bitter anthocyanins, caffeine and tea polyphenols are more than those of spring tea, purple buds and leaves not only add different colors, but also taste bitter. (such as Pu 'er tea and maple leaf tea)
3. Autumn tea-tea picked after mid-August. The climatic conditions in autumn are between spring and summer. When tea trees grow in spring and summer, the contents of new shoots and buds are relatively reduced, the leaves are different in size, the leaves are crisp, the leaves are yellow, and the taste and aroma are relatively peaceful. (such as Tieguanyin and Yuemeixiang)
4. Tea picking in winter began in late June+10. Winter tea grows after autumn tea harvest, and the climate gradually turns cold. Because the new shoots and buds of winter tea grow slowly and the content increases gradually, the taste is mellow and the aroma is rich. (such as frozen top oolong)
The knowledge of tea is divided into various kinds of coarse tea.
All kinds of refreshing crude tea or refined tea are called adding tea, including scented tea, pressed tea, extracted tea, fruity tea, medicinal health tea and tea beverage.
(a) scented tea (jasmine tea, Zhu Lan scented tea, rose tea, osmanthus tea, etc.). )
Scented tea, which is a rare tea color. It is a product that enhances the fragrance of tea with floral fragrance, which is very popular in China. Generally, green tea is used as tea blank, and a few people use black tea or oolong tea as tea blank. It is made of fragrant flowers and fragrance according to the characteristic that tea easily absorbs peculiar smell. There are several kinds of flowers used, such as jasmine and osmanthus, among which jasmine is the most.
(two) pressed tea (black brick, Fu brick, square tea, cake tea, etc.). )
(3) Extract tea (instant tea, concentrated tea, etc.). , popular in tea cream in the past two years).
(4) Fruity tea (litchi black tea, lemon black tea, kiwi tea, etc.). )
(5) Medicinal health tea (slimming tea, Eucommia ulmoides tea, Laoying tea, etc.). , mostly tea plants, not real tea).
Medicated tea is made by mixing drugs with tea leaves, so as to exert and strengthen the efficacy of drugs, promote the dissolution of drugs, increase the aroma and coordinate the taste of drugs. There are many kinds of this kind of tea, such as? Lunch tea? 、? Ginger tea powder? 、? Yishou tea? 、? Diet tea? Wait a minute.
(6) Tea drinks (iced black tea, iced green tea, milk tea, etc.). )
From a global perspective, the number of black tea is the largest, followed by green tea, and white tea is the least.