Brief introduction of cherry, also known as Yingtao, is bright red when ripe, exquisitely carved, delicious and delicate, rich in nutrition, and can be used as medicine. It is mild in nature, sweet and slightly sour in taste, which can tonify the middle energizer, dispel wind and overcome dampness. Below I have compiled a brief introduction of cherry.
Brief introduction about cherry 1 Cherry is also known as Ying Tao, Jing Tao, Wedge Tao, Ying Tao, Niu Tao and Ying Zhu.
Cherry belongs to the deciduous tree fruit tree of Rosaceae. Cherry is bright red when ripe, exquisitely carved, delicious, nutritious and of high medical and health care value, and is also known as "Han Tao". The cherries cultivated as fruit trees in China include China cherry, sweet cherry, sour cherry and hairy cherry. Cherry ripens early and has the reputation of the first fruit in early spring. The varieties of sweet cherry cultivated in China are mainly European and American varieties, which perform well in the northern part of China. Because the European sweet cherry generally needs a low temperature of 900-1400 hours below 7.2c to complete its winter dormancy, it limits the large-scale cultivation in the southern part of China. Therefore, China cherry is still the main cultivated variety in southern provinces of China. At the same time, there are few excellent varieties of China cherry, and the cultivated varieties generally show many shortcomings such as small fruit, sour taste, cracking fruit before harvest and falling fruit.
Cherry can also be used as medicine, which is warm and sweet and slightly sour; Entering spleen and liver meridians. Such as: fruit (cherry); Root (cherry root); Branches (cherry branches); Leaves (cherry leaves); Fruit stone (cherry stone)
Indications: tonify the middle energizer, invigorate qi, dispel wind and overcome dampness. After the treatment, the main symptoms are weakness, shortness of breath, palpitation, listlessness, lack of food, dry throat and thirst, rheumatism, lumbago and leg pain, callousness of limbs, unfavorable joint flexion and extension, chilblain and so on.
In the fruit family, the iron content is generally low, but cherries stand out from the crowd: the iron content in every 100 grams of cherries is as high as 59 mg, ranking first in fruits; Vitamin a content is 4 ~ 5 times more than that of grapes, apples and oranges. In addition, cherries also contain vitamins B and C and mineral elements such as calcium and phosphorus. Every100g contains 83g of water, 0.4g of protein/kloc-0, 0.3g of fat, 8g of sugar, 0.4g of carbohydrate/kloc-0, 4.4g of heat, 0.4g of crude fiber, 0.5g of ash, 0.8mg of calcium/kloc-0, and 0.8mg of phosphorus. Thiamine 0.04 mg, riboflavin 0.08 mg, nicotinic acid 0.4 mg, ascorbic acid 3 mg, potassium 258 mg, sodium 0.7 mg, magnesium 10.6 mg, and rich in vitamin a.
Information about Cherry 2 Cherry (scientific name: Cerasus spp.) is a general term for several plants of Rosaceae and Sakura. There are only four kinds of cherries cultivated in the world, namely, cherry (Cerasus pseudocerasus (Lindl.) g.don), European sweet cherry (Cerasus avium (L.) Moench.), European sour cherry (Cerasus vulgaris Mill.) and hairy cherry (Cerasus tomentosa (Thunb.) Wall.). Among them, cherry, European sweet cherry and European sour cherry play an important role in production. Trees or shrubs, 2-25m high, with grayish white or dark brown bark. Branchlets grayish brown or grayish brown, shoots green, glabrous or puberulent. Winter buds are ovoid and oval, glabrous. Leaf blade ovate, elliptic or oblong-ovate, apex acute or short acuminate, base rounded or wedge-shaped. Inflorescence is umbrella-shaped, with 3-4 flowers, and the leaves and leaves are open together; Pedicel 0.8-3.4 cm long, sparsely or glabrous; Sepals triangular-ovoid or ovoid-oblong, with obtuse or acute apex; Petals white or pink, obovate. Drupe is nearly spherical or ovoid, red to purple-black, with a diameter of 0.9-2.5 cm. The flowering period is from March to May, and the fruiting period is from May to September.
Mainly distributed in Europe, Asia and North America. Born in hillside forests, forest margins, bushes or grasslands. The neutral environment with suitable soil pH value of 6.5-7.5 grows well on sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose soil and good ventilation.
Cherry has been cultivated for a long time in China, and there are many varieties, which can be used for eating and making cherry wine. Branches, leaves, roots and flowers can also be used for medicine. In addition to fresh food, it can also be processed into cherry sauce, cherry juice, canned cherry, preserved fruit, wine, etc., with brilliant red color and almond-like aroma, which makes people intoxicated. Cherry is also a good ingredient in dishes.
historical records
The name of cherry was first published in Wupu Materia Medica and Yunan Materia Medica: "Cherry, which was never produced in the state, is found everywhere today, while those in Luozhong and Nandu are the most prosperous. In fact, when it is ripe, it is called Zhu Ying, and those who are in the yellow dynasty are called La Cherry ... Its wood is cloudy, and it is the first to ripen, so it is more expensive in ancient times." "Compendium of Materia Medica" states: "Its clever is like a pearl, so it is called a cherry ... The cherry tree is not very tall, with white flowers in early spring, and it is as rich as frost. The leaves have sharp and fine teeth. There are dozens of glumes in one branch, which must be guarded when it ripens in March. "
Cherry, the ancient name of Yingtao, is said to be because Oriole likes pecking, also known as Han Tao. Cherry is shaped like a peach and round like a pearl, so it is usually called "cherry".
Brief introduction of information about cherry 3 main values
Medicinal: sweet in taste and warm in nature. Non-toxic Tonifying blood and kidney. Indications: diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, spermatorrhea due to kidney deficiency, lumbago and leg pain, callousness of limbs, paralysis and other diseases.
Edible: Cherry is a fresh fruit with good color, fragrance, taste and shape. Besides being eaten fresh, it can also be processed into cherry sauce, cherry juice, canned cherry, preserved fruit, wine, etc. It has a brilliant red color and almond-like aroma, which makes people intoxicated. Cherry is also a good ingredient in dishes.
Ornamental: Cherry trees are beautiful in appearance, civilized in early spring, lush as snow, fragrant as honey, emerald in leaves, bright as agate in fruit, exquisite and lovely, with early flowering, large amount of flowers and many fruits. When the fruit is ripe, it is red and green, which is very beautiful. At the same time, it has the functions of anti-smoking, dust adsorption, air purification and so on. It is a good economic tree species for gardens, courtyard greening and agricultural tourism economy.
Economy: Cherry belongs to the earliest mature fruit among deciduous fruit trees, and is known as "the first branch of spring fruit". Strong adaptability, easy cultivation and management, short fruit development period, basically no pesticides during fruit development period, and it is a veritable green product. Its management labor is less and its production cost is relatively low. In addition, in the off-season of fruits, the price of fruits is 5- 10 times that of other fruits.
principal item
Eagle Purple Sweet Cherry: Also known as Eagle Mouth, it is produced in Taihe, Anhui, China. The tree is upright and vigorous; The fruit is large, ovoid and has a sharp mouth at the apex; The fruit stalk is slender, the peel is thick, and it is easy to separate from the pulp. The ripe fruit is purplish red and bright. The flesh is yellow and white, the juice is sweet, and the quality is excellent. Mature in early May for fresh food. Another variety, Eryingzui, has small fruit shape, irregular oval shape, sharp apex, yellow-white pulp, sweet juice, and high quality.
Golden cherry: Also known as Big Ben, it is produced in Taihe, Anhui, China. The fruit is spherical or heart-shaped, the top is flat or slightly pointed, the skin is golden red, the meat is thick and dense, and the taste is sweet, which is most suitable for making candied fruit. The finished product is bright and transparent and beautiful. It is an excellent variety for processing at present and will mature in mid-May.
Cherry with drooping silk: produced in Nanjing, China, it is one of the local excellent varieties. The tree is vigorous, the fruit is big, the average fruit weight is 2.14g, the juice is sweet and the meat is delicate; The fruit is bright in color, precocious and high in yield. The causal handle of this variety is slender and drooping, so it is called hanging silk, with excellent quality. Due to the early flowering period, it is vulnerable to frost.
Dong Tang Cherry: Produced in Nanjing, China. The tree is tall, with upright branches and thick leaves. The fruit is round, bright in color, slightly inferior in quality to the drooping cherry, high in yield, not cold-resistant, and ripe in early May. This variety is the most widely cultivated in the suburbs of Nanjing.
Silver Pearl Cherry: produced in Nanjing, China. Small tree, small branches and small leaves. The fruit is reddish, so it is called silver beads. The fruit is conical and high-yielding, but the fruit is small and poor in quality, and it matures in early May. Although the quality of this variety is poor, because of its late flowering period, it is not easy to be frosted, its plants are small, its management is convenient, and there are many local cultivators.
Short-stalked cherry: produced in Zhuji, Zhejiang, China. The fruit is large, oblate and spherical, with a single fruit weight of 3.13g, fine and juicy flesh, moderate sweetness and sourness, and excellent quality. It is one of the best fresh foods in China cherry. Because of thin skin, it is not resistant to storage and transportation. The fruit stalk is short, thick and straight, hence the name short-stalked cherry, which ripens in late April.
Taishan Cherry: Produced in Taishan Mountain, Shandong Province, China. The fruit is big and heart-shaped; The skin is red, the flesh is orange, and the sweetness and sourness are moderate. High yield, drought resistance and maturity in early May.
Short handle and big fruit: produced in Laiyang, Shandong Province. The fruit is large, flat-heart-shaped, deep red in color and prominent at the top; The fruit stalk is thick and short, of medium quality and ripe in mid-May.
Dawolou Leaf: It is produced in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, China, and is an excellent local variety. The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 2-2.5 grams, round or oblate, dark purple and shiny; The peel is thick, the flesh is yellowish and reddish, the fruit juice is abundant, the meat is dense, the kernel is detached, the taste is sweet and fragrant, and the quality is excellent. Mature in early May. This variety is vigorous and upright, mainly bearing bouquets and short fruit branches. It can bear fruit after 2-3 years of ramet propagation, and enters the full fruit stage in 6-7 years, with a yield of about 50 kg per plant. Like slightly acidic sandy loam, it grows poorly on sticky or alkaline soil and has low yield.
Xiaowolou Leaf: Also known as pointed leaf cherry and lobular cherry, it is produced in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province and is one of the main local varieties. The fruit is medium-sized, with an average single fruit weight of1.5g. The fruit is spherical, purple-red, shiny, thin-skinned, yellow-fleshed, with less juice, sweet taste and detached. Mature in early May. The tree is weak, the branches are open, and the middle branches bear fruit, and the fruit parts are easy to move out, so attention should be paid to timely retraction in pruning. Fruit begins to bear 2-3 years after ramet, and enters the full fruit stage after 6-7 years. The yield of mature trees per plant is about 50 kg, which is relatively high. Strong adaptability, drought resistance and barren tolerance.
Tengxian Dahong Cherry: It is produced in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, China, and is the main local variety. The fruit is medium-sized, with an average single fruit weight of1.5g. When it is ripe, it is orange-red, shiny, with orange-yellow pulp, rich in fruit juice, sweet and slightly sour, fragrant, sticky or semi-sticky, with excellent quality. The tree is strong and half-opened. Strong germination ability. Generally, except for two buds at the base of branches 1-2, all the other buds can germinate into branches. Therefore, the canopy is dense, the germination ability of latent buds is weak, and the cavity is easy to be empty. Attention should be paid to thinning branches and timely retraction and renewal. It begins to bear fruit in 2-3 years after plant division, with high yield, and the yield of 50-year-old trees is about 100 kg.
Laoshan Short-handled Red Cherry: It is produced in Beizhai and Xiage of Laoshan County, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, and is the main local variety. The fruit is large, with an average weight of 2 grams per fruit. The fruit is nearly spherical and the tip of the fruit is not obvious. The fruit is dark red when it is ripe and purple when it is fully ripe. The fruit stalk is short and thick, and the peel is easy to peel; The flesh is yellow, juicy, sticky, sweet and of good quality. It matures in mid-May, and the maturity is inconsistent, so it needs to be harvested in batches. The tree is strong and half-opened. Strong germination and medium branching ability. It mainly bears short and medium fruit branches, and is resistant to barren and drought, which is suitable for slope cultivation in mountainous areas.
Zhucheng Yellow Cherry: Also known as Sakura Yellow, it is produced in Zhucheng, Wulian, Rizhao and other places in China. According to local reports, it has been cultivated for more than 300 years and is the main local variety. The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 2.5 grams. The fruit is spherical, orange, sunny, shiny, beautiful in appearance, with reddish yellow flesh, plenty of juice, moderate sweetness and sourness, good flavor and excellent quality. The peel is thick and the pulp is elastic, which is resistant to storage and transportation. It ripens in the first half of May and is an excellent variety for fresh food. The tree is medium in potential, half-blooming, bearing fruit in 3-4 years after branching, and entering full fruit stage in 8- 10, with high yield. The mature tree produces 20-40 kg per plant, likes deep soil, requires high fertilizer and water conditions, and has poor drought resistance.
Laiyang Dwarf Cherry: An excellent dwarf China cherry variety found in Laiyang, Shandong, China, was named "Dwarf Cherry" in 199 1 year. This variety matured in Laiyang, Shandong Province in late May, and dwarf cherry has good high-yield performance, short and thick branches, compact and short trees, and is suitable for dwarf and close planting. Early fruiting and easy early high yield; The fruit is regular in shape, large in size (1.73g), bright in appearance, rich in juice, fragrant and sweet, good in quality and high in economic benefit. Strong adaptability and stress resistance, easy cultivation and management, welcomed by producers and consumers.
Feixian Yellow Cherry: produced in Feixian, Linyi, Junan, Yishui and other places in China. The fruit is yellow or orange, with a blush on the sunny side. The fruit is medium-large, with an average fruit weight of1.5g. The fruit is peach-shaped or wide-heart-shaped, with a prominent straight tip at the top, extremely thin skin, yellow flesh, extra juice, sweet and slightly sour taste, and detached core, with medium quality. Mature in late May, extremely resistant to storage and transportation.