Main planting techniques of cymbidium in January and February.
(1) schedule
As one of the important factors of planting technology, sowing date has certain influence on emergence, overwintering, growth and development, nutrient absorption, material accumulation, seed yield and mature quality.
Generally speaking, it is best to plant February orchids from late August to mid-late September. Sowing in this period, February orchid seeds can germinate quickly, densely and orderly.
(2) Growth requirements
Temperature: The seeds of February orchid are sensitive to temperature, and high temperature will prevent the seeds from sprouting, so sowing them too early is not conducive to the seeds sprouting and the plants' safety in summer. When sowing was too late, the number of seedlings and overwintering of February orchid also showed a gradual downward trend.
Environment: Eupatorium odoratum has strong adaptability, cold tolerance, early germination, light preference and low requirements for soil. Both acidic soil and alkaline soil can grow, but in loose, fertile and deep soil, its root system is developed, growing well and yield is high. If cultivated on barren land, as long as management is strengthened, high yield can also be obtained.
(3) Planting arrangement
The sowing of February orchid includes sowing and drilling.
Among them, the sowing amount of drill sowing is 2g/m2, and the sowing amount of spread sowing is 3g/m2. After sowing, gently sweep the seeds with a broom to make them fully contact with the soil. If conditions permit, in order to better promote the emergence of seeds, seeds with a certain thickness can be covered with fine soil.
(4) Seedling management
Lay eggs. After all the seedlings are sown, it is necessary to check the seedling situation in time to prevent local over-density lack of seedlings and broken ridges. When the seedlings grow to a certain height (generally 5~ 10cm), the seedlings should be thinned, the weak ones should be removed and the strong ones should be retained, the dense ones should be deleted and the sparse ones should be transplanted with the thinning seedlings. With the continuous growth of plants, it is still necessary to interplant seedlings in time to ensure ventilation and light transmission between plants in the field and promote plant growth.
(5) water and fertilizer.
Orchids grow vigorously in soil with suitable humidity in February. Therefore, when the seedling stage is too dry, water should be properly watered, and the water demand should be met from bud stage to flowering stage, but water should be avoided whether it is watering or rainy day. From bud stage to flowering stage, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of February orchid are vigorous. At this time, the application of low nitrogen, medium phosphorus and high potassium fertilizer 1 time can promote the healthy growth of plants and dense flowering, which can not only increase the ornamental value of February orchid, but also obtain higher yield.
(6) Weeding at seedling stage
Weeding should be combined with manual weeding and chemical weeding. In view of the broad-leaved weeds in the field, they can be removed by manual weeding. Chemical control of annual gramineous weeds in the field was carried out on windless sunny days.
(7) Harvest
Generally, the best harvest time of February orchids should be determined according to the changes of plant growth morphology, pod color and seed color in pods, which should generally conform to the universality of local leguminous plants, that is, "seven-point ripe, ten-point harvested; Very familiar, seven points. "
Under the condition of normal sowing, most February orchids in East China bloom in early March, with a flowering period of about 40 days, and should be harvested about 30 days after the final flowering period. At this time, the yield and quality of February orchids can be guaranteed.
Two: the main value of February orchid
(1) feed value
February orchid is a kind of high-quality forage with rich nutrition, good palatability and large grass yield. Therefore, February orchid has a broad development prospect in the development of feed and feed additives, which has gradually attracted people's attention.
(2) Greening value
February orchid has strong adaptability, extensive management and lax requirements for the opposite conditions. It can be used as the dominant species and companion species of landscaping, and has good effects in improving the urban ecological environment and beautifying the environment.
February orchids can be planted around tree ponds, hillsides, shade, hedges, roadsides, open spaces and rockeries, forming a very rich landscape; Or regular and rhythmic; Or simple and natural, fresh and elegant; Or lively jump, full of energy. Therefore, February orchids are widely used by more and more landscape workers, and have broad landscape application prospects.
(3) the value of green manure
It is reported that all or part of the fresh body produced during the growth of February orchid can be directly or indirectly converted into soil as fertilizer; After ploughing Eupatorium odoratum, the contents of total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil can be obviously increased, the pH value of calcareous soil can be reduced, the soil properties can be improved, the fertilizer consumption can be reduced, and the fertilizer utilization rate can be improved.
(4) Edible value
The stems and leaves of February orchid are rich in nutrients such as protein, calcium, iron, carotene and VC, especially protein and vitamins. The tender stems, leaves and moss of February orchid are edible, and it is a new type of pollution-free vegetable.
(5) Ornamental value
When February Orchid blooms in early spring, the number of flowers is large and the flower diameter is large, and the best ornamental effect can last for more than 1 month. When planted in pieces, the blooming period looks purple from a distance, which is very beautiful and powerful, making people linger and attract attention.