Hello. The planting method and post-flowering management of papaya are introduced as follows: 1. Land selection and preparation. Choose sunny, fertile soil, moist and well-drained places for planting, or use fields, hillsides and corners behind houses for planting. When planting in patches, holes should be opened at the row spacing of 1 m *2 m, and 5- 10 kg of farm manure and soil should be applied to each hole. Loose and fertile sandy loam should be selected as the nursery ground, with 3000 kg farmyard manure as the base fertilizer per mu, 25 cm deep and 1.3 m wide. 2。 Propagation methods mainly include ramet propagation, cutting propagation and seed propagation. (l) Propagation by ramets: Papaya has shallow roots and strong tillering ability, and many seedlings can grow from the roots every year. Plant sprouted seedlings around old plants with roots before March. Smaller ones can be planted in the nursery first, cultivated for 1-2 years, and then planted in the nursery; The big ones can be planted directly. This method has the advantages of early flowering and fruiting, simple method and high survival rate. (2) Cutting propagation: before germination in February-March, cut off strong and tender branches, cut them into small pieces with a length of 65,438+05-20 cm, and obliquely insert the seedbed according to the plant spacing of 65,438+00 cm * 65,438+05 cm, and shade them appropriately. After the new roots grow, transplant them to the nursery for further cultivation. (3) Seed propagation: autumn sowing or spring sowing, autumn sowing in late June, 65438+ 10 month, picking fruits and seeds when papaya seeds are mature, opening holes in June, 1 15 cm *20 cm, planting 2-3 seeds in each hole according to plant spacing, hole depth of 6 cm. Spring sowing is carried out from early March to late March. First, soak the seeds in water for 2 days, then take them out, put them in a pot, cover them with a wet cloth and leave them in a warm place for 24 hours. Sowing according to the above method, autumn sowing appears in the spring of the following year, and spring sowing appears from late April to early May. When the seedlings grow to about 1 m, they can be taken out of the nursery and planted. Plant 2-3 triangular seedlings in each hole, cover with soil, compact and water. Spring is the best time to plant trees. 3。 Field management: (1) intertillage weeding: after field planting survives, intertillage weeding combined with fertilization twice a year in spring and autumn to loosen the soil and remove weeds. When loosening the soil in winter, you should cultivate the soil to prevent freezing. (2) Topdressing: topdressing before flowering in spring 1 time. First, ditch around the trees, and each plant is applied with about 5 kilograms of human burnt mud ash and soil miscellaneous fertilizer, or about 10 kilograms of human excrement and urine, which promotes growth and is conducive to flowering and fruiting. (3) Pruning: it has a great influence on the flowering and fruiting of papaya, and should be carried out from 65438+February to March of the following year. Adult trees are pruned 1 time every year, and diseased branches, dead branches, old branches and over-dense young branches are pruned, so as to keep the tree shape empty inside and round outside, with more flowers and more fruits. Old trees that are older than 10 and have begun to decline should be renewed. Before freezing, all the above-ground parts can be cut off, so that the old roots can grow seedlings and cultivate new plants. 4. Pest control: (l) Leaf blight: serious damage from July to September, damaging leaves. Prevention and control methods: clean the fields in winter; Spray 1: 1: 100 bordeaux mixture at the initial stage of the disease. (2) Peach moth: the larvae eat fruit. Prevention and control methods: clean the fields in winter; During the initial incubation period, the larvae were sprayed with 2.5% diphacinone solution for 3000 times. (3) Anoplophora glabripennis: larvae feed on branches. Prevention and control methods: artificial killing; Dip cotton in 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate and stuff it into the wormhole; Release Cerambycidae. (4) harvesting and processing: papaya begins to blossom and bear fruit about 4 years after colonization. Generally, from July to September, when the peel of papaya is bluish yellow, it should be harvested in sunny days, and care should be taken not to hurt the fruit or attach to the ground. Cut it in half with a steel knife while it is fresh, spread it on the curtain for 3-4 days, and let the water in the ladle gradually dry. When the color turns red, turn it over and dry it thoroughly. Dry with slow fire in rainy days. In some places, papaya is boiled in boiling water for a few minutes, then 2-4 petals are taken out and exposed in the sun at night until it is dried. Products with firm quality, thick meat, shriveled skin, purple color and sour taste are preferred. In addition, in order to achieve high and stable yield, the garden should be equipped with suitable pollination trees, and the ratio of main varieties to pollinated varieties is 4: 1. Poor management of papaya will lead to years, so we should pay attention to the management of flowers and fruits. Flowers and fruits should be thinned in flowering period. It is especially important to thin flowers and fruits in the New Year. When thinning fruit, branches, deformed fruits and cross fruits should be removed first. Generally, the base fruit and intermediate fruit of branches should be selected, and the fruit spacing is about 20 cm to ensure the fruit is large, tall and stable. The above information is for reference only. References:

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