Common etiology
Metabolic abnormalities (such as hyperparathyroidism, hypercortisolism, hyperglycemia), long-term bed rest, nutritional deficiency (vitamin B6 deficiency, magnesium deficiency diet), urinary tract obstruction, infection, foreign bodies and drug use are the common causes of stone formation. In addition, diet plays an important role in the formation of kidney calculi. The dietary factors that lead to kidney calculi include high oxalic acid, high sodium, high animal protein and high carbohydrate intake.
High incidence population
The incidence of males aged 30-60 in kidney calculi is very high, about 10%, and it varies depending on age, gender and race. Studies have proved that obese people have a high risk of stones. A retrospective analysis of 600 patients with known stone components in kidney calculi found that more than 30% of them had hyperlipidemia.
In addition, diabetes is a risk factor for kidney calculi, and people with diabetes have a higher risk of kidney calculi.
Prevention and treatment
If the constitution is normal, try to reduce the diet with high calcium content and limit the intake of animal protein and sodium salt. Patients with calcium oxalate stones should avoid eating foods rich in oxalic acid such as spinach, almonds, peanuts and black tea. Patients with uric acid stones should not eat high purine foods such as animal viscera and wine (especially beer).
In addition, keeping enough drinking water every day is also an obstacle to the formation of kidney calculi.