What are the 10 early signs of diabetes? Diabetes itself is painless, but diabetes is a systemic disease that damages all organs and systems.

10 early signs of diabetes

1, 10 early signs of diabetes

1.1, polyuria

Diabetics have a decreased efficiency in converting food into sugar in the body, leading to increased sugar levels in the blood.

1.2 Thirst

Increased urination leads to dry mouth, so don't quench your thirst with sugar-sweetened beverages, as this may increase the sugar level in the blood and aggravate the condition.

1.3 Slight weight loss

There are two main reasons for the slight weight loss caused by diabetes, one is that part of the water is excreted in the urine, and the other is that frequent urination will also take away some calories.

1.4 Weakness and hunger

High blood sugar means that the body has a problem regulating blood sugar. If you eat high-carbohydrate foods, insulin will rise, causing blood sugar to fall quickly.

1.5, constant fatigue

Continuous fatigue is an important sign, which may mean that the food eaten is not broken down or utilized by the cells. As the body does not get the energy it needs, it gets tired.

1.6, Temperamental

When your blood sugar is abnormal, you feel uncomfortable and may become more irritable.

1.7 Blurred vision

In the early stages of diabetes, the eyes are unable to focus because glucose builds up in the eyes and temporarily changes their shape.

1.8 Slow wound healing

Diabetics have elevated blood glucose levels and reduced immune function, leading to a weakened ability of the body to heal itself.

1.9 Numbness of the feet

After the elevation of blood glucose concentration, mild nerve damage may occur, causing numbness of the feet.

1.10, more susceptible to urinary tract and yeast infections

Elevated urinary tract and vaginal sugar levels will become a breeding ground for bacterial and yeast infections, so be on the lookout for recurring infections.

2, how to understand their own blood sugar levels

Experts said, normal fasting blood sugar is 3.9-6.1mmol / L. If the fasting blood sugar is greater than or equal to 6.1mmol / L, but less than 7mmol / L, called the fasting glucose regulation is impaired. Normal 2-hour postprandial blood glucose should be less than 7.8mmol/L. If it is greater than or equal to 7.8mmol/L and less than 11.1mmol/L, it is called abnormal glucose tolerance. Clinically, people whose blood glucose is within these two ranges (one or the other and at the same time) are called pre-diabetic. Although the function of blood glucose metabolism has been impaired, the severity of diabetes has not yet been reached. People who have reached this stage are said to be at high risk for diabetes, and are also the "reserve army" for diabetes.

3. How to avoid becoming a "diabetic"

3.1. Early detection, early prevention and early treatment. Early prevention and early treatment are very important, on the one hand, it can stop the development of diabetes and its complications, on the other hand, it can reduce the cost of treatment, and realize the goal of diabetic patients' longevity and high quality of life.

3.2 Adopting a scientific lifestyle, i.e. scientific diet and reasonable exercise, plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. To change the habit of eating more "three high" (high protein, high fat, high calorie) food, eat more food with low glycemic index and high dietary fiber, exercise is also one of the important ways to prevent and control diabetes.

The causes of diabetes

1, genetic factors: diabetes is a hereditary disease has been recognized. Many statistics at home and abroad show that the incidence of diabetes in relatives of diabetics is significantly higher than in the general population, and the genetic factor is more obvious in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type II diabetes mellitus).

2, autoimmune: diabetics are often associated with autoimmune diseases, such as hyperthyroidism, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, pernicious anemia. Under the action of virus and antibody, pancreatic islet cells are further destroyed, so that insulin secretion function is weakened, thus leading to diabetes, especially type I diabetes.

3, viral infection: viral infection is an important environmental factor in type I diabetes. When people with diabetes susceptibility are infected with encephalitis, myocarditis and coxsackie B4 virus, the virus can directly invade pancreatic islet B-cells, causing acute inflammation, necrosis and loss of function; or the virus stays in the B-cells for a long time, stimulating the autoimmune system, causing the body's B-lymphocytes to produce anti-insulin cell antibodies, and these antibodies cause damage to the pancreatic islet B-cells and damage to the islet B-cells, resulting in a decrease in insulin synthesis and causing diabetes mellitus. The result is a decrease in insulin synthesis, leading to diabetes.

Diabetes damage to the body

1, eye injury

Many people with diabetes will have obvious vision loss, see things blurred, always like a black shadow or black spots in front of the eyes in the flying. This is the early manifestation of diabetes-induced retinopathy of the fundus. In the later stages, the vision loss becomes more and more serious and eventually leads to blindness. The best way to prevent diabetic retinopathy is to treat diabetes at an early stage and keep blood glucose in the normal range for a long time.

2, injury to the kidneys

Long-term increase in blood glucose, will damage the kidneys, triggering diabetic nephropathy. This damage is a chronic process, not easy for people to realize. In the early stage, there may not be any symptoms, but only changes in glomerular filtration rate, which can only be detected by medical tests. As the disease progresses further, the patient will develop micro-proteinuria, and if the disease progresses further, the patient will enter the clinical proteinuria stage.

3, injury to blood vessels

Almost all diabetic patients, there is damage to the basement membrane of blood vessels, the formation of arterial plaque, clogging blood vessels. Whether it is large blood vessels or microvascular, may be harmed by high blood sugar. Cardiovascular involvement, leading to myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction; cerebrovascular involvement, leading to cerebral ischemia, cerebral infarction; fundus microvascular involvement, diabetic ophthalmopathy; renal microvascular involvement, leading to renal insufficiency.