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What are the four backbone networks in China?
1, CSTNET (cstnet)

On the basis of Zhongguancun Education and Scientific Research Demonstration Network (NCFC) and China Academy of Sciences Network (CASnet), cstnet has built and developed a large-scale computer network covering the whole country, which is one of the four largest internet networks in China that was first built in China and officially recognized by the state as having international exports. Cstnet's services mainly include network communication services, information resources services, supercomputing services and domain name registration services. Cstnet has unique scientific and technological information resources, such as scientific database, scientific and technological achievements, scientific and technological management, technical data and literature information, and provides various scientific and technological information services to domestic and foreign users. Cstnet Network Center is also entrusted by the State Council to manage China Internet Information Center (CNNIC), which is responsible for providing the registration service of China's top-level domain "CN".

2. China Education and Scientific Research Computer Network (CERNET)

CERNET is the first large-scale national computer network in China, which covers the whole country and is designed and built by domestic scientific and technological personnel. The network is headed by the Ministry of Education; Ten universities including Tsinghua University, Peking University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Southeast University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Northeastern University and University of Electronic Science and Technology of China undertook the construction, which was completed in 19951month. The National Network Center is located in Tsinghua University, with eight regional outlets in Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Xi 'an, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Chengdu and Shenyang. CERNET is a non-profit network serving education, scientific research and international academic exchanges.

3. China Public Computer Internet (CHINANET)

China's public computer Internet (hereinafter referred to as "China Internet") is a national-level network entrusted by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications in 19951month to be built by American AsiaInfo Co., Ltd. and Zhongxun AsiaInfo Company, and officially opened in the whole country in 1996. The Data Communication Bureau of China Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications is the direct manager of CHINANET. CHINANET is a public Internet network in China based on Internet network technology, an interconnected unit with the right to export international information on the Internet in China, and one of the most important members of CNNIC. CHINANET is different from CSTNET and CERNET. It is a collection of large-scale network infrastructure and information resources that are open to the public and serve the public. Its basic construction is to ensure reliable internal communication and external communication, that is, to ensure high-quality communication between a wide range of domestic users, and then to ensure high-quality communication between domestic users and the Internet.

4. National Public Economic Information Communication Network (CHINAGBN)

Jinqiao network forms a network structure integrating the sky and the earth by various transmission modes such as optical fiber, satellite, microwave and wireless mobile. It is combined with traditional data network, voice network and image network and connected with the Internet. According to the plan, Jinqiao Net will build a national public economic information communication network covering the whole country, connecting with other domestic private networks, and connecting with more than 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, 500 central cities, 12000 large enterprises and 100 important enterprise groups.