2. Calcium antagonists refer to various drugs of nifedipine. Because nifedipine tablets can easily induce increased heart rate and sympathetic nerve excitement, short-acting nifedipine tablets are not recommended, and long-acting preparations, such as nifedipine sustained-release tablets, amlodipine and benidipine, are recommended.
3.ACEI, such as perindopril, enalapril, irbesartan, telmisartan, valsartan, etc. Some patients can't tolerate antihypertensive drugs, and may have dry cough, so they can be replaced by sartans.
4.ARB drugs (sartans), such as valsartan, candesartan, irbesartan, telmisartan, etc. It is not recommended to use it with ACEI drugs, because it has the same effect.
5. Beta blockers, such as metoprolol and bisoprolol, have weak antihypertensive effect, and are suitable for young and middle-aged patients with sympathetic excitation and patients with coronary heart disease complicated with hypertension.
Generally speaking, long-acting antihypertensive drugs are divided into two types: molecular long-acting drugs and dosage forms. Molecular long-acting drugs are mainly due to the long half-life of the drug itself, which can be better controlled and not affected by diet, such as our common Shihuida (Levamlodipine besylate tablets) and Loxoxib (amlodipine besylate tablets). Antihypertensive drugs marked with "sustained release" or "controlled release" on prescriptions or kits are all long-acting drugs, such as Dizhiya (candesartan cilexetil tablets), Aixintong (nifedipine controlled release tablets), G6 lectin, Boydine (felodipine sustained release tablets) and Pell (nicardipine hydrochloride sustained release capsules).
Generally speaking, long-acting antihypertensive drugs are more expensive than ordinary preparations. Why use them? Because doctors found in clinical practice that keeping blood pressure within the target range 24 hours a day can effectively prevent sudden death, stroke or heart attack caused by low blood pressure at night and sudden increase of blood pressure in the morning, and can reduce organ damage caused by high blood pressure. At the same time, the frequency of taking medicine once a day can also prevent patients from forgetting to take medicine, so that blood pressure can meet the requirements of effective, stable and long-term control.
What are the adverse reactions of antihypertensive drugs and how should they be treated?
Adverse reactions are what we generally call "side effects". As the saying goes, "three drugs are toxic." While controlling blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs may also have some adverse effects on our health. For example, the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide will lead to the decrease of blood potassium and the increase of uric acid; ACEI drugs (such as captopril) may cause cough and vascular edema; Calcium antagonists may also cause headache, edema, flushing and so on. So how should patients treat these adverse reactions? First, don't be scared to take medicine by the adverse reactions in the instructions, which will delay your illness. Second, don't ignore the adverse reactions, write down your feelings, notify the doctor when necessary or at the time of follow-up, and ask the doctor to help you adjust the treatment plan from a professional perspective. Generally speaking, our commonly used antihypertensive drugs have been tested by long-term multi-center clinical practice, and their safety is still relatively high.