Teenagers' mental health knowledge, although psychologists and educators at home and abroad have different ranges for teenagers' age stages, teenagers have a lot of mental health knowledge. Let me look at the mental health knowledge of teenagers with you.

Adolescent mental health knowledge 1 The age of the whole youth (including adolescence) is generally defined as 1 1, 12 to 25-28 years old. Puberty, that is, junior high school, the age range is 1 1, 12 to 14,15; Pre-adolescence is high school, from 14, 15 to 17, 18. The age range of late youth is 17 and 18 to 22 and 23 years old, which generally belongs to the university stage. However, some scholars have extended late youth to 28 years old, which does not affect the generalization of late youth characteristics.

Adolescence is a transitional period from immaturity to maturity. Individuals in this period, while the level of physical maturity has improved significantly, the characteristics of their psychological development, especially in intellectual development, emotional and will expression, personality and speech expression, have their own unique development characteristics. To sum up, there are the following points:

First, the development of cognitive ability

Because of the qualitative changes in learning content, learning methods and teaching activities in adolescence, the scope of activities has expanded, and the individual's cognitive ability and speech have made new development. Mainly manifested in:

1, a highly developed generalized observation.

Generalization is an important symbol of the maturity of observation. Because of poor abstract thinking ability, children's observation ability is keen, but they lack generality and observation is not thorough and comprehensive enough. Teenagers can use their increasingly developed abstract thinking ability to organize, adjust and guide observation activities and improve the generality of observation.

2. Get a mature memory

Compared with childhood, teenagers' memory has reached an unprecedented mature stage. Meaning memory replaces mechanical memory and becomes the main means of memory; The purpose of memorization is enhanced, and conscious memorization is more dominant than unconscious memorization; Entered the best period of memory.

3. Form theoretical abstract thinking ability.

From the perspective of thinking types, young students' abstract logical thinking is mainly based on experience, which still needs the support of concrete images to a certain extent, and their theoretical thinking is not well developed. After 17 and 18 years old, his abstract logical thinking turned sharply from the empirical level to the theoretical level, and the theoretical abstract logical thinking became a mature thinking form, which led to the development of dialectical thinking. Teenagers may form extremely active creative thinking.

Second, the maturity of personality.

From teenagers to young people, personality is gradually formed. Adolescence is an important period of personality formation, with great plasticity and low stability.

In adolescence, although the personality of teenagers may develop and change under the influence of internal and external factors, it has always been relatively stable. The main signs are:

1, self-awareness tends to mature

With the accumulation of knowledge, the development of intelligence and the approaching of the objective requirement of independently arranging life path, the self-awareness of teenagers is becoming more and more mature. They are committed to understanding their physical and mental development and their social values; Evaluate yourself and others independently, gradually overcome the one-sidedness of evaluation and strive for comprehensive analysis; Initially form a stable personality; You can better educate yourself.

2. The world outlook has taken shape.

The world outlook sprouted in adolescence, initially formed in the early youth (unstable at this time), and further matured in the middle and late youth. Youth's comprehensive and profound understanding of the world, ideological and political education and social and political activities in schools, and the tempering of youth's life path in the middle and late stages are the basis for the formation of youth's world outlook. The formation of teenagers' world outlook is manifested in their relatively stable and systematic views on nature, society, life and love.

3. Interest and personality tend to be stable, and ability is improved.

Interest is an important aspect of personality tendency. Teenagers' interests are wide and diverse, gradually stable, lasting and increasingly profound. Personality and ability are the psychological characteristics that can best express personality differences. Personality is basically shaped in the early youth, and then changes little. There are various types of abilities, and the development speed of different types of abilities is not the same, but the general abilities such as observation, memory, thinking ability and attention will not mature until adolescence and reach the peak in the late youth.

4, moral consciousness and moral behavior level.

Teenagers begin to enter the stage of conscious moral level, form beliefs and know the principles of their own actions. On the one hand, the role of moral consciousness in moral behavior is increasingly strengthened, and the moral norms mastered are wide in scope and high in quality. On the other hand, intuitive emotion in moral emotion gradually decreases, and ethical emotional experience begins to dominate. In addition, moral ideals are more realistic, and the phenomenon of separation of knowledge and practice is also decreasing.

Third, emotions and emotional characteristics

Teenagers' emotions and feelings have become mature and stable, but compared with adults, they are unstable. Its main features are:

1, enthusiastic, easily excited

Teenagers are enthusiastic, sad and excitable, and act quickly, which is characterized by boldness and decisiveness. However, due to the rapid changes in physiology and self-awareness, sometimes young people's emotions and emotions are easily too excited.

2. Emotional content becomes richer and deeper.

The causes and characteristics of teenagers' basic emotions such as anger, fear, joy, sadness and love are different from those in childhood, which shows that their emotions have developed from immature to mature. Due to the increasing intellectual and social needs, teenagers gradually form many social emotions with clear moral consciousness, such as collective honor, social responsibility, obligation, justice and national pride, and their profundity and durability are obviously improved.

3. Self-regulation and self-control of emotions are improved, and emotions are gradually stable.

On the one hand, teenagers' emotions last longer, their emotions are no longer as easy to change as children, and they are less affected by external situations. On the other hand, young people's emotional types are changing from extroversion to introversion. They can dominate and control their emotions to a certain extent according to the needs of conditions, showing the inconsistency between external expression and internal experience.

Fourth, the characteristics of will.

The rapid development of the YMCA is characterized by:

1, enhance the consciousness and initiative to complete the will process.

When teenagers encounter difficulties, they are often willing to think alone and find ways to overcome them, instead of asking for help easily like children, showing good initiative; At the same time, teenagers can't rely on external supervision and management, and their consciousness is increasing day by day.

2. the decisiveness of action is enhanced.

Due to the development and gradual maturity of cognitive ability, young people can quickly distinguish right from wrong when facing contradictory problems, and make decisions and implement them according to certain viewpoints, principles and experiences. Compared with teenagers, youth's recklessness and indecision are relatively reduced, and the process of motivation struggle is gradually implicit and rapid.

3. Self-control has been enhanced

Teenagers' ability to control and dominate their behavior is gradually increasing. At this time, they strive to make their behavior obey the original purpose and plan, and can better adjust their passion. Action is more rational, of course, sometimes it shows impulse.

4, full of persistence.

Due to the development of nervous system function, especially internal inhibition function, and the improvement of motivation and purpose level, teenagers show persistence in the face of difficulties, but in this respect, teenagers are much stronger than teenagers. They have the courage to seek success, refuse to give up easily, and will not lose heart even if they are frustrated.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) and its speech and behavior characteristics

Speech and behavior characteristics are important signs of adolescent psychological development. It is like a refractive lens, reflecting the inner activities of teenagers.

1, mature oral expression ability

Its main manifestations are: young people's vocabulary is rich and the content is getting deeper and deeper; The monologue in oral expression tends to be perfect; Written and oral expression is basically mature; The internal voice has been completely simplified.

2. Adult behavior motivation and performance, and children's behavior control.

They demanded to get rid of adult intervention completely and act independently; Ask the society to recognize the social value of their behavior; Ask for sexual intercourse, love, etc. They demand to participate in social life like adults, but they are often not good at controlling their behavior. Especially when emotions are touched, it is easy to be impulsive. In this respect, teenagers are particularly prominent.

Sixth, sexual psychology.

Adolescents who enter adolescence, with the maturity of sexual physiological functions, begin to awaken their sexual consciousness, and the development of sexual psychology changes with age. In the process of this change, there must be corresponding behaviors. For example: the pursuit of sexual knowledge, concern for self-image, love and yearning for guidance, desire for love, sexual fantasy and desire, sexual impulse and self-X behavior. The performance of these sexual psychological activities is the necessity for teenagers to mature. However, due to the negative influence of social and cultural factors, the relative lack of family and school sex education, the deviation of personal cognitive model or premature sexual experience, teenagers can't cope with their own sexual psychological changes and performances with correct attitudes and behaviors, and some even lead to psychological obstacles.

Adolescent mental health knowledge 2 Adolescent mental health means that adolescents have developed well in morality, intelligence, physique and other aspects, can establish good relationships with others in the process of study and social activities, can understand others, distinguish right from wrong, and can overcome difficulties when encountering troubles.

At present, there is no unified and recognized standard for adolescent mental health. From the perspective of comprehensive psychology and medicine, the mental health of teenagers should at least meet the following standards:

1, in good health and normal intelligence. Physical health and normal intelligence are one of the most important standards to measure mental health, and they are also the basic conditions for normal life and work.

2. Complete personality and good consciousness. Mentally healthy teenagers are frank in character, consistent in words and deeds, love life, have a wide range of interests, have good self-awareness, respect others, and are good at adjusting their words and deeds to make their personality and emotions conform to their age characteristics.

3. Be willing to communicate and be good at making friends. Have good interpersonal relationships, be good at making intimate friends, communicate with friends, get along well, treat contradictions and differences correctly and properly, and have the desire and behavior to help others.

4. Emotionally stable, optimistic and cheerful. Emotion is the thermometer of mental health; Optimism can make people feel happy. If you maintain a relatively optimistic and stable mood, you can be positive, modest and prudent in prosperity, persevere in adversity and overcome difficulties.

5. pursue something and make progress. Can establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, have ideals, beliefs and pursuits, dare to face reality and take responsibility.

Adolescent mental health methods

1 First of all, we should guide children to read more popular science books about human physiological development, especially books about sexual physiology and psychology in adolescence, which will help children correctly understand and treat their own physiological changes and avoid unnecessary misunderstandings, worries and doubts. However, we should pay special attention to the fact that we should go to bookstores to buy formal books published by the State Press, and never go to stalls to buy informal books, let alone learn about human physiology from pornographic books, which will mislead and poison children.

2. Let children read more popular psychology books and understand the scientific knowledge of psychological development, which will help children learn to properly adjust their psychological state as soon as possible and contribute to the healthy development of psychology. Some famous sayings, biographies, moral ethics and other books about improving comprehensive quality also help children to establish a positive and correct outlook on life and values and form a healthy psychology.

Parents should let their children do housework as much as possible and share the responsibilities and burdens of the family. This will not only affect their study, but will promote their children to understand the hardships, happiness and significance of life and correctly understand the relationship between labor, hard work and enjoyment and success. Enhance their ability to deal with real-life problems, help them understand the society, experience life and enhance their self-confidence. This is very beneficial to promote their mental health development, and a healthy mental state is a necessary guarantee for learning cultural knowledge well. In addition, participating in collective activities and social practice more effectively and enhancing the ability to understand things, analyze problems, judge problems and solve problems in practice are also very important links to promote psychological development.

During adolescence, children's physical and mental health will undergo great changes. If you don't pay attention to health care, it is easy to leave a negative shadow on your child's growth. Therefore, parents are advised to pay more attention to their children's mental health care and help them through adolescence.

Children's mental health knowledge

First of all, realize the importance of children's mental health education.

To know the clinical investigation results of children's mental health, those figures are all children with psychological problems. Every preschool teacher has the obligation and responsibility to do his part to help children solve psychological problems, because this work is directly related to the physical and mental development of children throughout their lives and determines the future development level of our country and society.

Second, understand the main manifestations of children's psychological problems and accurately understand the causes of children's psychological problems.

Children's psychological problems are mainly manifested as cognitive disorders, personality and emotional disorders, and behavioral disorders. Personality and emotional disorders are divided into anxiety, phobia, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and autism, and behavioral disorders are divided into attention disorder (ADHD) and TIC disorder. In the past, the main manifestations of children's psychological problems were only some fragmented knowledge. After learning, they are clearly distinguished, which provides a theoretical basis for accurate judgment in the future.

It is also clear that heredity, brain injury and environment are the causes of children's psychological problems, which points out the direction for exploring the causes of children's psychological problems in practical work in the future and avoids detours.

Third, I have basically mastered the intervention skills of psychological problems.

Understand the formative education model for all children and the compensatory counseling model for children with psychological problems. Basically mastered the intervention techniques of behavioral therapy and painting therapy.

Fourthly, the overall idea of mental health education has been initially formed in practical work.

After studying the causes of children's psychological problems and their intervention methods, through review and induction, a knowledge system space about children's psychological problems is established in the mind. The next step is to implement children's mental health education mainly from the following four aspects.

First, all teachers have to undergo two trainings, so that each teacher can master the contents of children's mental health education. Second, set up mental health education courses according to the teaching plan and children's age characteristics. Third, directors and teachers should do their duty, find children with psychological problems in time, communicate with parents in time, and achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention; Fourthly, teachers are encouraged to write educational cases to further enrich and expand the strategies of mental health education.

Adolescent mental health knowledge 3 mental health knowledge of primary school students

1, eliminating rebellious psychology-communication.

First of all, we should cultivate students' social adaptability, and ask them to hone their thoughts and sentiments, establish a correct outlook on life and the world, and be a talented person who contributes to society. Secondly, they are required to understand adults in a positive sense, so that students can understand that parents and teachers are well-intentioned criticisms. Parents and teachers can also make people, and normal people, feel happy and unhappy and make mistakes. As long as we understand these things with a tolerant attitude, we will not be rebellious; Third, educate students to know themselves correctly, grasp themselves and strive to improve themselves. I often remind myself to exercise restraint, communicate more, increase trust and learn more. Finally, parents and teachers are required to pay more attention to their children's psychological needs, keep abreast of their thoughts and actions, listen to their voices, understand their joys and sorrows, put down their elders' airs and establish an equal relationship with their children.

2. Eliminate inferiority and loneliness-enhance self-confidence.

There are many reasons for inferiority and loneliness. Generally speaking, the main reasons are physiological reasons, setbacks and psychological trauma, personality factors, family education problems and unsatisfied needs. The key to eliminating inferiority and loneliness is to be satisfied with your existing strength! Teachers should help students analyze their own advantages, make correct evaluations and give full play to their own strengths; Secondly, do everything possible to improve your self-confidence. We join hands with teachers of various subjects to enhance students' self-confidence and prevent them from feeling that they can't do anything well. Finally, it is to guide students to overcome their inferiority by assiduously making up their shortcomings and fostering their strengths and avoiding their weaknesses. Teachers should help these students find their own breakthrough and make achievements in a certain aspect through hard work.

3. Eliminate sensitive and fragile psychology-cultivate will.

To eliminate fragile psychology, we must first guide students to establish a correct outlook on life and world and improve their cognitive level; Secondly, improve students' self-control level and cultivate frustration tolerance; Third, overcome the pessimistic and negative mentality and establish self-confidence and self-motivation; Finally, it is to teach students how to release negative emotions and get rid of pessimism and disappointment, that is, to improve students' psychological endurance by organizing students to participate in social practice, cultivating various interests to divert attention, making more intimate friends, and seeking help from social forces (such as seeing a psychologist). ).

The manifestations of pupils' psychological problems

1, learning anxiety

According to the survey, in some large and medium-sized cities in China, more than 10% of primary school students have learning anxiety. This is mainly due to the intensification of students' learning competition and heavy learning burden. Schools, teachers and parents put too much emphasis on grades, which has caused heavy psychological pressure on primary school students.

2. Interpersonal anxiety

Interpersonal communication anxiety mainly refers to feeling anxious and at a loss in communication with others. This tendency is becoming more and more serious among primary school students now, which affects children's normal interpersonal communication and psychological needs.

On the one hand, interpersonal anxiety is caused by the unfavorable family communication environment of primary school students. On the other hand, it is the result of improper teaching methods and neglect of cultivating students' interpersonal skills.

3. Self-reproach tendency

Self-reproach tendency means that when unpleasant things happen, people often think they are bad and fear what they have done. The root of self-reproach tendency is anxiety about losing the love and recognition of others. When students feel that their parents, teachers and friends don't approve, they tend to blame themselves.

4. frustration

The frustration of primary school students comes from many aspects, including study, interpersonal communication, interest desire, self-esteem and so on. The reasons are family factors, social environment factors and personal subjective factors.

Pupils commit suicide by jumping off a building, are tired of learning, and are withdrawn ... Many extreme examples show that the mental health problems of pupils can not be ignored now. Before Children's Day came this year, Nanjing Communist Youth League Committee, Nanjing Minors' Ideological and Moral Construction Monitoring Center, together with experts from Nanjing Normal University's School of Education Science, organized a sampling survey on the mental health of primary school students, involving Nanjing 10 primary schools. The results show that most students are in good mental health, with 65,438+07.92% students having mental health deviation and 4,065,438+0% students having obvious psychological problems.

82.08% of the students are psychologically healthy.

This survey conducted a questionnaire survey on 302 students in grade 1 ~ 6 in Lhasa Road Primary School, Sun City Primary School, Gaochun Yangjiang Central Primary School and Liuhe District Experimental Primary School. The questionnaire was filled out by the class teacher and parents.

From the results, the overall mental state of primary school students is good, and 82.08% of them are mentally healthy. There are 17.92% pupils with mental health deviation, among which 4.0 1% pupils have obvious psychological problems, indicating that most pupils with psychological problems are mild mental disorders, which can be recovered as long as they are found and corrected in time.

"Learning disabilities" ranked first.

The survey shows that although many primary school students do not show obvious psychological problems as a whole, 30.8% of them have problems in at least one subscale, that is, they have different degrees of psychological obstacles or maladjustment in some aspects. According to the concentration of problems, the order is: learning disabilities, emotional disorders, personality defects, behavioral disorders, social adaptation disorders, bad habits, moral defects, and special obstacles.

Mental health girls are better than boys.

Furthermore, according to the mental health status of different groups of primary school students, the primary school students are classified according to boys and girls, different ages, only children and non-only children, class team cadres and non-class team cadres, physical health and diseases, and different grades. The survey has a detailed analysis of the psychological problems of each group.