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Hongzhi is the most famous yellow glazed porcelain with chicken oil in Ming Dynasty. Compare the collection in your hand.
Mr. Feng Xianming also mentioned in "China Ceramics" that "the yellow glaze of the Ming Dynasty was quite successful in the Yongle period". Judging from the available data, there is evidence to follow from the beginning of yellow glazed porcelain to Yongle period. According to the difference of glaze composition and firing temperature, yellow glazed porcelain can be divided into low-temperature yellow glazed porcelain and high-temperature yellow glazed porcelain. High-temperature yellow glaze is a lime glaze containing a small amount of iron, which generates iron oxide in high-temperature oxidation atmosphere and is yellow. The yellow glaze of Shouzhou kiln in the Tang Dynasty is the most typical, including pottery of Tang Sancai and Song Sancai. Low temperature yellow glaze, that is, lead glaze, is a yellow glaze with lead as flux and iron oxide as colorant, with light color and thin glaze surface. The highest firing level is "brown", "yellow" or "chicken oil yellow" in Hongzhi period.

Ming Hongzhi's yellow glaze and golden color sacrificial ear jar

According to Yu Fu in Ming Dynasty, in the 24th year of Hongwu (139 1), the yellow glazed porcelain in the early Ming Dynasty was mainly Yongle and Xuande. Yongle yellow glazed porcelain is developed on the basis of the previous generation, based on rich sweet white glaze and set off by light yellow glaze. Yellow glaze is thin and pale. The tire is thin and light, narrow and shallow, with distinctive characteristics of the times.

Ming Hongzhi's brown glazed bowl

To Xuande period, the glaze was delicate and slightly deep, but not as smooth as Hongzhi Xuande yellow glaze. There are two ways to apply yellow glaze to the yellow glaze device, one is to apply yellow glaze directly to the plain blank, and the other is to apply yellow glaze to the fired white glaze device and fire it at low temperature for the second time. Because the original white glaze has orange peel lines. After the yellow glaze is fired, the orange peel is more obvious, the glaze thickness is uneven, and the bottom is white glaze. The collection wants to be sent to domestic first-line auction houses (Beijing Poly, Beijing Hanhai, Jiarui Four Seasons, etc. ), you can also recommend it by private letter. You can make a query. 187, 1508, 73 1 1 year, the viceroy had written or carved money in blue and white. Most models are dishes and bowls. Generally, the wall of the dish is deep, the circle foot is slightly higher, the bottom of the dish is slightly concave, and the plain surface is not textured. Blue-and-white objects or objects engraved with the words "The Year of Daming Xuande" are painted with yellow glaze to the end, and no circles are exposed on the table. Later generations added yellow glaze to Xuande white glaze and fired it again to fill Xuande yellow glaze. According to the available data, although low-temperature yellow glaze was fired in Jingdezhen official kiln in the early Ming Dynasty, it was rarely passed down from generation to generation. According to the literature, the ritual vessels of Fangqiu in Ming Dynasty were yellow, which further stimulated the production of yellow glazed porcelain.

Yellow land and green color dragon pattern plate, Ming Zhengde

In the mid-Ming Dynasty, the three dynasties of Orthodoxy, Jingtai and Tianshun lasted for nearly 30 years, which coincided with the low output of Jingdezhen Imperial Kiln Factory, and the official kiln porcelain of the exact age was not found, which made the production appearance of this period always confusing, also known as the "blank period" in the history of ceramics. However, the yellow glaze wares of Chenghua, Hongzhi and Zhengde were the golden age of yellow glaze firing in Ming Dynasty. The fired yellow glaze has mastered the accurate firing temperature and atmosphere, making the color of the ware consistent, which not only meets the grade requirements of the royal yellow ware, but also conforms to the profound aesthetic taste of the Qiang people. When Chenghua, the glaze color of yellow glaze is deep and light, the glaze surface is clean and delicate, light and the enamel is thin.

During Hongzhi period, yellow glazed porcelain was almost perfect, and it was also the most successful period of yellow glaze firing in Ming Dynasty, reaching the highest level of low-temperature glaze in history. Because its yellow color is particularly delicate, like the color of chicken oil, it is also called "burnt yellow" and "chicken oil yellow". Hongzhi once had the most famous yellow glaze, and the collection is to be sent to domestic first-line auction houses (Beijing Poly, Beijing Hanhai, Jiarui Four Seasons, etc. ), you can also recommend it by private letter. You can query the managers of 187, 1508, 73 1 1 du, and it is a typical work of Hongzhi Imperial Kiln. During Hongzhi period, the varieties and artistic styles of porcelain completely inherited the Chenghua tradition, and made great achievements in glaze, monochromatic glaze, lotus, colored porcelain and bucket colored porcelain. Hongzhi's glass is inferior to Xuande Chenghua in variety and output, but the white porcelain of its official kiln is made of delicate and clear fetal glaze, and the bottom of the utensils is blue. The bottom of the dish bowl is thinner than the permanent propagator, but it is still translucent but completely transparent. Zheng de's tone is slightly darker than Hongzhi's, and the carcass is thicker, with four or six words. Without money, the bottom glaze is bluer than Hongzhi's. At this time, the glaze and color are deeper and thicker than Chenghua's light yellow glaze, but lighter and more moderate than Zheng De's yellow glaze. Therefore, Hongzhi yellow glaze is regarded as a typical Ming dynasty yellow glaze in the history of ceramics.

Yellow glazed plate, bright and virtuous.

The styles of official kiln porcelain in Hongzhi dynasty are all two lines of six-character regular script made in Hongzhi year of Daming, except for the four-character seal script carved in Hongzhi year, which has never been seen in Chenghua dynasty. When identifying the Huang family of red pepper, the following characteristics are basically adhered to: ① Except for a few very fine imitations, the collection of red pepper and yellow chicken oil should be sent to domestic first-line auction houses (Beijing Poly, Beijing Hanhai, Jiarui Four Seasons, etc. ), you can also recommend it by private letter. By the way, it is generally difficult to imitate the managers of 187, 1508, 73 1 1. (2) Hongzhi will collapse at the end, and imitators tend to be flat-bottomed; ⑧ Hongzhi's burnt yellow glaze has a six-character regular script of "Ming Hongzhi Year System". With a few exceptions, the word "zhi" is often lower than the word "tai", and the last three points are flush with the word "tai" and become "zhi"; (4) Hongzhi's foot is slightly shorter, and imitation foot is slightly higher after Kangxi in Qing Dynasty and other periods; ⑤ Hongzhi's foot white glaze is gray or blue, so it can't be very white. In addition, in Ming Dynasty, yellow glazed porcelain mainly consisted of plates and bowls, but few pots. Hongzhi golden urn with yellow glaze was a sacrificial vessel of the imperial court at that time, and it was unique to Hongzhi dynasty. Zheng De period continued to follow the characteristics of Hongzhi yellow glaze, and the basic book was blue and white double circle "Daming Zheng De Nian System", with six-character double-line regular script.

Red land and yellow sea water dragon pattern can cover, Ming Jiajing.

In Jiajing in the late Ming Dynasty, the color tone was slightly darker than before, the enamel was thicker, the glaze color was uneven, the color was bright, and there were double or single hidden lines under the yellow glaze. The types of tableware are plates, bowls, Gao Zubei, plates and cans. There is no ring like you. For Qin Long, this tone is darker than previous dynasties. If you want to send the collection to the domestic first-line auction houses (Beijing Poly, Beijing Hanhai, Jiarui Four Seasons, etc. ), you can also recommend it by private letter. It can be found that the glaze of 187, 1508, 73 1 1 is thick and smooth, but the thickness is uneven, slightly uneven, which is the retention phenomenon formed when melting in the fire. Through the glaze of the utensils, you can see the dark carved lotus pattern outlined by a single line, and the pattern is loose. Because the yellow glaze is thick, the patterns of most objects are vague, and the glaze of the foot is still a unique bright blue glaze. The yellow glazed bowl in Wanli period is called "official bowl", which was planed by Ruguan kiln in Northern Song Dynasty. The size is appropriate, as the imperial vessel of the emperor after dinner at that time, with the unique "Huiqing" as the bottom payment.