In a narrow sense, succulent plants or succulent flowers do not include cactaceae plants, but cactaceae plants are called cactaceae plants or cactaceae flowers for short, and they are separated because of their differences in habits, cultivation and reproduction.
So let's talk to novices about how to raise succulents.
1. Soil for succulent culture
Nowadays, online shopping is so developed, and the general delivery is basically plants without soil. After such plants are received, it is a big problem for beginners. What soil should be used first? There is no certain standard for this problem, and the soil requires ventilation. However, it is best for novices not to use garden soil or flower bed soil, because these soils are easy to freeze after watering, leading to the death or rotten roots of plants. In fact, there are many breathable soils around us, such as: river sand (which needs to be cleaned, and the particles 1 to 5 mm can depend on the needs of plants), coal cinder (which needs to be crushed to remove the powder, and then washed away the dust, and the particle size is generally 1 to 3 mm, and the big ones can be placed at the bottom of the basin), and red bricks, which require great efforts to knock.
Many flower friends will ask, there is no river sand and cinder in my city. Hehe, unless you live in a city other than China, river sand is everywhere in the construction site around us, but it is best not to get sea sand, because sea sand has a heavy salt content, and fresh water sand is natural. Generally, the inland is basically fresh water sand, and coastal cities are basically sea sand. When you go to the construction site and ask people for points, they will give it. Secondly, there is coal cinder. Coal briquettes can be seen in every city in China, but now coal briquette stoves have been eliminated in big cities because of environmental problems, but there are many breakfast stalls, night markets, small rice stalls and canteens around you, all of which can be seen. They are burnt coal briquettes (Baidu can check the pictures, and the kite blog also has blog posts), not burnt raw coal cinders, and the coal cinders of these stalls are broken (. Then there are red jade soil, pumice, diatomite, deer marsh soil, vermiculite, perlite and peat, which are sold in flower markets and Taobao. There are many kinds of soil, which can be mixed together, or a single plant can be raised, whether it is mixed or single, as long as the soil is breathable.
What is ventilation? That is to say, when you pour water, the bottom of the basin will flow out immediately. This is ideal, adding some peat or something according to different plants. According to their own habits, there is no rule about what to use, so beginners only need to plant the material with air permeability, water it down to the bottom of the basin and water it immediately, and that's all. After nagging for a long time, I should have a general understanding of the minimum planting materials, and I don't have to ask what kind of planting materials to use every day. The planting materials for kites: coal cinder mixed with a small amount of peat, pure coal cinder, pure river sand or river sand mixed with a small amount of peat, and sometimes perlite or vermiculite will be added.
Second, the pot for succulent culture
Next, let's talk about pots. In fact, pots are not particular. They are made of plastic, iron, wood, porcelain and purple sand. As long as you can think of containers, you can use them to grow flowers. However, they require that there should be permeable holes in the bottom of the basin. If there are no permeable holes, it is difficult to control the water content. Although many MM like to use glasses and wine glasses for a short time, they can still survive if they are watered at ordinary times. If they are long-term hobbies, it is best to change them to permeable holes. Pots are not the most important. Kite pots are all kinds, such as pottery, porcelain, purple sand, plastic, paper, chocolate boxes and ice cream boxes that you usually eat. Anything that can be decorated with soil can be used to raise flowers. Choose pots with corresponding heights according to the roots of plants.
Third, watering succulent potted plants
The soil and pots mentioned above are not the main things, but the water is the main thing. When you choose a good pot with good soil, you will lose money if you don't water it properly.
Juicy means that plants have a lot of water. It is important to understand this point. They are different from herbs. Grass flowers will be supplied with water in about 1 2 days during the growth period, while succulents have a lot of water stored in themselves.
Beginners can supply water according to the state of the plant and the dryness of the soil. The words are simple, and the specific operation is relatively particular. Sedum plants in normal growth can generally be observed through the leaves. If the soil surface is dry, the leaves are slightly wrinkled and appear to be unhealthy under normal growth. At this time, water can be basically supplied. This operation is still a little helpful for beginners who don't understand. If you are familiar with it, you can give the water basically when the soil in the basin is dry, and you can dilute it with carbendazim once a month, so as to prevent the invasion of germs (this is the water supply for healthy growing succulents with leaves, that is, the water supply when some primary enthusiasts directly bring pots home).
1. Upper basin is the key point of watering.
Let's take the bare-rooted plants that are ready to go to the pot as an example. Generally, plants that want to go to the pot can only go to the pot after pruning their roots and drying their wounds. As far as possible, use slightly wet soil to go to the pot, and don't give water. What is slightly wet soil? Many flower lovers who have just started have no scale to measure it. How can they be slightly wet? Feel it with our hands. After mixing the soil, give some water, knead it with your hands and it will spread out when you release it. Grab the soil with your hands, but the soil looks wet. It is best to put the soil on the pot for plants at this time. Mixing dry carbendazim powder in the soil and stirring it together can inhibit bacteria from invading the capillary root after rooting. If you want to add carbofuran or Eupolyphaga, after mixing the slightly wet soil, pour in the preventive medicine and stir it evenly with something for later use. Generally, plants planted on slightly moist soil in a cool and ventilated place will basically dry out in about 5 to 10 days, which depends on the season and environment.
2. Dry basin is the key point of watering.
The dried pot soil can be given water for the second time. This time, the water supply is more important. You can use carbendazim water or pure water to pour a circle around the pot so that the water can slowly penetrate into the roots of the plants, so that the capillary roots that have just sprouted are not easy to dry up again. How to judge how much to give the second water supply according to the water permeability of the plant material? That is to say, after this water supply, the water can slowly penetrate into the roots of the plant, which may not be easy for beginners to grasp, but the water is mixed with carbendazim, so it won't be too big a problem to give more water. It is best for novices to have less water, and it is easy to rot the roots if they give more water with one hand. Compared with the water supply of plants that have just been put in the pot, it is still not a big problem, and there will be no big problem if they are more. Generally, there is no problem if they are well ventilated.
3. After dormancy, it is the key point of watering.
The most difficult thing to grasp is the water supply of plants after dormancy. Many succulents will hibernate during the high and low temperatures in summer and winter, especially this summer, which is hotter than before, because the temperature is too high, many plants die in dormancy because of insufficient resistance, and some have good resistance. After the temperature slowly drops down in autumn, there are not a few flower friends who have caused a lot of deaths because of not grasping the extent and amount of watering, and veterans may not be spared. In summer, the water supply environment in the north and south is different, and the water supply range and quantity are different. Different plants give different water, which can be said for three days and three nights. Here is an easy way to use kites.
4. Key points of watering in summer
When the temperature drops slowly in summer, we must hold back and take care of our hands. Don't look at the weather forecast 10. The weather forecast is not necessarily accurate. At the end of summer, during the thunderstorm-prone period, we should pay attention to the water supply. The plants in the end of summer are very thirsty after experiencing the heat. At this time, we can't let them drink enough at once. Why, just like our exercise, we exercise intensely. Because exercise sweats too much, we need to replenish water at this time. If we drink too much at once, we can't accept it either. We must divide it several times before we can slowly quench our thirst. The same is true for plants. In summer, they consume nutrients and water. At this time, when there is a flood, the plants will be cheerful and try their best to absorb water. All of a sudden, the leaves will be full and loose, and the excess water will not go away. The temperature will rot from the roots to the top of the plants at a slightly high point, which is why many flower friends will hang many plants in the autumn after the summer, and they will also hang water in the rain.
The specific way should be, after the temperature drops, don't rush to give water. At this time, plants need water and nutrition most. We can only give water step by step. After summer, plants are weak and their resistance is not very good. It is safer to dilute carbendazim water when giving water. Don't give too much at a time. Many beginners don't know what is step by step. Here is an explanation. For example, when we water about one-sixth of the soil for the first time, that is to say, there is water under the soil layer 1 cm, and when it is dry, we can water the soil layer for 2-3 cm, and then water the soil layer for 5-6 cm after it is dry (some flower friends use drops to calculate, in general, no matter how it is poured, everyone's method is different), and water is supplied step by step according to the state of plants. Grasping this degree takes a long time to accumulate experience. As the saying goes, watering for ten years means that watering is accumulated by experience. Generally, after the adaptation period, the plants of Huayou's family are still easy to master. Observing more and asking more questions is what beginners have to experience. Different water supply needs of different plants are gradually accumulated in the process of breeding, and the regional climate affects the water demand of plants.
5. Pay attention to watering
For unfamiliar varieties, it is better to raise them slowly with less water, rather than be eager for quick success and instant benefit, and want to raise them at once. As long as the plant does not die, the basic habits will be understood after one year, and it can be managed normally in the next year. If you can make a note, it will be very helpful for long-term management.
Don't copy mechanically, the data are all dead, which may not be suitable for the growing environment in your, so we should be flexible and flexible, so as to raise plants better. There is even less water in the dormant period. Since it is dormant, as long as the root system is not excessively dry and dead, a small amount of water is still necessary. Families generally raise more meat, because the pots are small and the soil is less. If a drop of water is not given during the whole dormant period, some varieties will die completely. The above is the general water supply situation, the specific varieties of specific treatment, waiting for the flower friends to get familiar with themselves.
Fourth, the treatment method of newly bought succulents
For succulent plants, the sellers usually take off their pots when they deliver the goods. Firstly, it is for transportation safety, and secondly, it can prevent the germs from migrating to the new host's house with the pot soil. Generally, the sellers will dry the plants after long-distance transportation before delivery. First, it is for good packaging, so that it is not easy to lose leaves. Secondly, it is to take off some water, so that it is not easy to rot during long-term express delivery. Plants that are short of water are better to feed. Although the goods are soft, kites are usually watched when they are received. For those that are too full, they will be pruned and dried for a few days. If they are roots, they will be dried for a longer time, ranging from one month to two months. Only when they are dehydrated, new roots will grow quickly. The reason is simple. If plants are thirsty, they must drink water. If they want to drink water, they must grow roots. They all rely on roots to absorb water.
If full plants are put into the pot, water is supplied immediately or the pot soil is too wet, new roots will not grow easily, because the plants themselves are not short of water, so how can they drink water? If the pot soil is too wet, the roots will rot. This is also a misunderstanding of many beginners. They always think that the fuller the plants are, the better, because the plants we buy online come from different places. If they are naturally cultivated, it is acceptable to give some water to the full plants. If they come from places with high temperature and humidity (such as greenhouses or big water and fat), dehydration is necessary, otherwise the water will easily rot. Sedum plants are fine, and the dehydration is almost the same on the express way. For balls, tiles and reeds, which are very fleshy and fleshy, it is necessary to go home for root pruning and airing. It is not necessarily safe for 3 to 5 days, because we don't know where they come from. After dehydration, it will be more conducive to the re-growth of plants and adapt to our growing environment more quickly.
Five, the main points of fleshy fertilization
For plants that have just been put into the pot and have not taken the pot too much, it is still not suitable to give fertilizer. The roots have not grown well. Can they absorb it if you give fertilizer? Generally, when plants grow stably, a small amount of thin fertilizer can be given, and fertilizers generally include slow-release fertilizer, water fertilizer, green fertilizer and so on. Sometimes kites will give some plants some water and fertilizer, which is easy to operate. Just mix them in water and give some, and then there is slow-release fertilizer, which is better. When sowing, you can also mix them in the soil and throw a few grains on the soil surface, which is more convenient. Green manure kites are never used. Generally, succulents grow in poor sandy soil, with little nutrition. They rely on the rain to moisten them. Although they have no nutrition, they grow very healthy and their colors are more natural and beautiful. Flower lovers will be worried. How can they grow without nutrition? Hehe, in fact, there are growth elements they need in water, soil and air. Don't worry about this. Although we haven't given any fertilizer, the plants that may be raised are not as big and strong as others, but they will bloom and change with the seasons. There are also plants that are healthier and more fertile, and the scenery can only be temporary.
Six, succulents light conditions
Let's talk about lighting again. Plants need sunlight, but not all plants like strong sunlight. Many elementary enthusiasts will ask kites, can they be dried just after they are put into pots? Yes, plants need sunlight, but we have to wait for them to grow steadily before seeing sunlight. If we let them see sunlight urgently, not only will the roots grow badly, but even the plants themselves may slowly dehydrate and die. We should wait for them to grow roots in a cool and ventilated environment, see the sun step by step, and then we can bask in the sun when we get used to it. In general, succulents in the growing period need sunshine, and they should avoid the scorching sun when they are dormant. For example, in summer, many succulents will hibernate. At this time, all they have to do is shade, ventilation and lack of water. After going out for five days, I came back to see that the sunshade net was blown open by strong wind, and all the raw stone flowers and Sedum under the hatch were white, dried and sun-resistant varieties. Of course, there are many sun-resistant plants growing in summer, such as the prickly cactus, which can be exposed in the scorching sun. Without exposure, it will not grow well or be beautiful. For example, Dahongying and Diwang Pill, which are kites, look healthier, firmer and more beautiful under the high temperature of 20 13 years. Every florist can give plants corresponding light according to their living environment. If the environment is really bad and there is a lack of light, they can only make up the light manually. There are many lamps for making up the light, such as cold light and hot light. For plants that want to bloom, using a hot light source can make them bloom and pollinate artificially. Only with enough light can plants grow healthily and beautifully.
Seven, succulent plant sowing methods
By the way, it is understandable that some junior enthusiasts start sowing as soon as they come up. In the current situation of high plant prices, it is a better method to choose sowing, which is still more difficult for novices, because the sown plants are difficult to bring in the first half year, and once water is cut off, they may be completely annihilated, and the management is relatively fine, such as disinfection of pots and soil to prevent bacterial invasion. In the first half of the year, the soil of the seedling tray should not be too dry. It is necessary to spray and ventilate with carbendazim water regularly, and scatter light and direct light slowly. Be careful not to sunburn the seedlings, and it will be more troublesome for them to become stiff at high temperature. As long as the management of seedling stage grasps the light and humidity well, it can basically be brought up slowly.
Eight, succulent breeding pest management
Finally, let's talk about succulent diseases and insect pests. This problem is still troublesome. Generally, kites are mixed with soil worms or carbofuran to prevent them. For beginners, in summer and winter, there are more diseases and insect pests. First, there is no prevention. Second, I don't know where to start. Generally, it is not easy to get pests and diseases for plants that have been taken precautions, but this cannot be said once and for all. In summer and winter, all plants should be sprayed with avermectin or pesticides such as quick killing and curing. Don't spray the powder, you can pour some medicine into the root. This can play a very good prevention. Beginners are most likely to get caught by red spiders and pink agents. Some flower friends even lost their pots. Hey, hey, this is not the way to cure the roots, because as long as plants are raised, there may be red spiders of mealybugs, so we must take precautions. If there are pests and diseases, it is fundamental to use specific methods to remove them. You can refer to kites to introduce mealybugs' blog posts.
Some varieties of succulents grow slowly and some grow fast, and they can bring us casual surprises. The purpose of raising succulents is not how fast they can grow, but that they can show us the beauty of nature. Raising them can bring us physical and mental pleasure, and we can find a pure land belonging to the soul in reinforced concrete. After raising more meat for a long time, our temper will change slowly, and those who have no patience can become very patient. This is the magic that succulent plants bring us happiness. Let's act together quickly, watch them grow up day by day, grow up in our own sight, and create a green world!