Basil is rich in nutritional value and contains many vitamins and volatile oil. Its volatile oil content is 0.02% ~ 0.04%, and its main components are perillene, α-pinene, 1, 8- cineole, linalool, geraniol, limonene, methyl piperol, eugenol, eugenol methyl ether, anisole, methyl cinnamate and furfural. It has the effects of eliminating pathogenic factors, sweating, relieving exterior syndrome, resolving phlegm and relieving pain, and is mainly used for treating exogenous headache, food bloating and qi stagnation, dysentery, irregular menstruation, traumatic injury, snake bite, skin eczema and other symptoms. Basil root is used as medicine to treat children's yellow sores, which can be burned with ashes. Basil is used as medicine, called Guangmingzi, which can treat eye pain. Basil can also extract aromatic oil for medicine. Methyl-p-propenylphenol in aromatic oil has a good effect on the digestive system, which can stimulate the flow of bile, promote appetite and relieve pain such as gastrointestinal spasm caused by digestive dysfunction. Basil is also widely used in food, ornamental, industry and other aspects, which is worthy of further research and development.