In short, both iodine deficiency and iodine excess can cause goiter. Temporary hypothyroidism is caused by the influence of goiter-producing substances on thyroid hormone synthesis. When the substance that produces goiter stops, thyroid function can recover on its own. In addition, in the case of malnutrition in protein, thyroid function tends to be low. Supplying enough protein and heat can improve thyroid function. In hypothyroidism, the plasma cholesterol content is not fast, but the excretion is slow, so the blood drug concentration, triglyceride and lipoprotein increase, which is more obvious in primary hypothyroidism. The degree of blood lipid increase is positively correlated with serum tsh level, so it is appropriate to limit fat intake. Thyroxine deficiency can affect the synthesis of erythropoietin, leading to the decline of hematopoietic function of bone marrow. It is also related to menorrhagia, iron absorption disorder, gastric acid factor, vitamin b 12 and folic acid deficiency. For the above reasons.
The diet of hypothyroidism patients must pay attention to the following points:
(1) Appropriate iodine supplementation, without using goiter-causing substances.
1) Supplementary iodized salt: In China, potassium iodide with the concentration of 1g is generally used to prevent and treat goiter, which significantly reduces the incidence rate and is suitable for endemic goiter areas. In addition, pregnant women should pay more attention to the supplement of iodized salt to prevent future generations from suffering from cretinism due to iodine deficiency of their mothers.
2) Avoid using goiter substances: Avoid eating Chinese cabbage, cabbage, rape, cassava, walnuts, etc. To avoid goiter.
(2) Sufficient protein: Only when the mass of protein per person per day exceeds 20g, can the human protein balance egg be maintained. Amino acids are the basic components of protein, and about 3% of protein is constantly updated every day. During hypothyroidism, the renewal rate of intestinal mucosa slows down, the secretion glands of digestive juice are affected, the enzyme activity decreases, and the general albumin decreases. Therefore, it is necessary to supplement essential amino acids and protein to improve the condition.
(3) Restricting fat and high cholesterol diet: Patients with hypothyroidism are often accompanied by hyperlipidemia, which is more obvious in primary hypothyroidism, so fat diet should be restricted. The daily fat supply accounts for about 20% of the total calories, and the diet rich in cholesterol is restricted.
(4) correct anemia and supplement rich vitamins: anemia patients should supplement iron-rich diet, vitamin b 12, such as animal liver and folic acid, and supplement liver preparations when necessary.
(5) dietary distribution:
1) Suitable food: For hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency, appropriate amount of kelp and laver should be selected, and iodine can be supplemented with iodized salt, iodine soy sauce, iodine eggs and bread. When cooking, it should be noted that iodized salt wood should be put into boiling oil to avoid iodine volatilization and reduce iodine concentration. Protein can choose eggs, milk, all kinds of meat and fish; Plant proteins can complement each other, such as various bean products and soybeans. Supplying animal liver can correct anemia and ensure the supply of various vegetables and fresh fruits.
2) Avoid eating: avoid all kinds of raw goiter substances, such as Chinese cabbage, cabbage, rape, cassava, walnuts and so on. Avoid foods rich in cholesterol, such as cream, animal brains and internal organs. Limit the use of high-fat foods, such as cooking oil, peanuts, walnuts, almonds, sesame paste, ham, pork belly and sweet cheese.
Remember to give me extra points.