Waishan (Huaishan, yam) \x0d\ nature: flat, sweet, non-toxic. \x0d\ attributes: into the lungs, spleen, kidneys, stomach. \x0d\Effects: Strengthens the spleen, thickens the intestines and stomach, tonifies the lungs and benefits the kidneys. \x0d\Toxicity: diarrhea due to deficiency of spleen, prolonged dysentery, cough due to deficiency, spermatorrhea, frequent urination, thirst, uterine prolapse