Pinyin name m m: Qian z ǐ

Alias: Momo Trionyx sinensis, Kushi Badu Doo (Feihong Collection), Huoshi Badu (Compendium), Kushi (Primitive Materia Medica), Maqian, Niuyin (Seeking the Primitive Materia Medica) and Dafangba (Handbook of Chinese Herbal Medicine).

The source is mature seeds of Strychnos nux vomica, a plant of Strychnaceae. Pick the fruit when it is ripe, remove the pulp, take out the seeds and dry them in the sun.

Original form

Semen Strychni (Compendium)

Trees, height10 ~13m. The bark is gray with lenticels and smooth branches. Leaves opposite, petiole 4 ~ 6 mm long; Leaf blade is herbaceous, broadly ovoid or nearly round, 6 ~15cm long and 3 ~ 8.5cm wide, with acute or slightly concave apex, wide wedge-shaped or round base, entire margin, smooth and hairless on both sides, with 5 rare main veins, protruding on the back, shorter on both sides, and irregular veinlets on both sides of the leaf. There are short tendrils in the axils of leaves. Cymes with terminal branches, 3 ~ 5 cm long and 2.5 ~ 5 cm in diameter, are pubescent; The involucral bracts and bracteoles are small, triangular, pointed and pubescent; Flowers white, almost sessile, calyx green, apex 5-lobed, pubescent; Corolla tube-shaped, long10 ~12 mm, 5-lobed at the apex, oval lobes, about 2.5 ~ 4 mm long, with short hairs densely distributed on the inside; Stamens 5, anthers yellow, oval, without filaments; Ovary ovoid, smooth and hairless, with slender style and head-shaped stigma. Berry is spherical, with a diameter of 6 ~13 cm, green when young, orange when mature, and smooth surface. 3 ~ 5 or more seeds, disc-shaped, with a diameter of1.5 ~ 2.5 cm. The surface is grayish yellow and densely covered with silver fuzz. The stalk is born in the center of one side, and the other side is slightly concave and silky.

Habitat distribution grows in the tropics. Distributed in India, Vietnam, Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka and other places.

character

The dried and mature seeds are oblate, button-shaped, slightly curved, with slightly raised edges, often slightly concave on one side and slightly raised on the other, with a diameter of1~ 3cm, a thickness of 3 ~ 6mm, a dense prostrate silver-gray fuzz, a radial arrangement and mercerization, with a slightly prominent dot at the center of the bottom and a small protrusion at the edge. Hard and hard to break, the kernel is yellowish white, slightly transparent and horny after being broken. Heart-shaped cotyledons can be seen in longitudinal section. It is odorless and tastes extremely bitter. The toxicity is severe, so you should be careful when you taste it. It is better to be big, thick and firm.

Location: India, Vietnam, Myanmar and other places.

Semen Strychni has always been an imported medicine. Now there is a vine of Semen Strychni in Yunnan, China. It is determined that the seeds contain brucine, which can replace the imported semen Strychni. The crude drug is similar to nux vomica in appearance, with a long diameter of 20-30mm, a short diameter of15-22mm, a central thickness of 6-10mm, and each weighing1.3-2.7g.: The outside is densely covered with brown-white to brown, shiny silk hairs, which are arranged radially from the center to the periphery; The hilum is in the center of the seed, and the micropyle is at the edge of the seed.

Chemical constituents include strychnine, brucine, α-and β-Krupp (α-

β-colubrine), vomicine, novacine, icajine, loganin, etc.

prepare medical herbs by parching

Semen Strychni powder: take sand, stir-fry in a pot, add the cleaned semen Strychni, stir-fry until it turns dark yellow and bulges, take it out, sieve off the sand, scrape off the hair, and grind into powder. Oil Semen Strychni: Take clean Semen Strychni, add water to boil, take it out, soak it in water, take it out, scrape off the fur, dry it slightly, and cut it into thin slices. In addition, take a little sesame oil, heat it in a pot, add nux vomica slices, fry until it is yellowish, take it out and let it cool.

Sexual taste

Bitter, cold and poisonous.

1 Compendium: bitter, cold and nontoxic.

2 "Primitive Materia Medica": bitter, cold and poisonous.

Functional indication

Dispelling blood heat, reducing swelling and relieving pain. Treat sore throat, carbuncle and toxic swelling, wind arthralgia and fracture. And treat facial paralysis and myasthenia gravis. Dredge collaterals and relieve pain, dissipate stagnation and reduce swelling. Used for treating rheumatism, numbness, paralysis, traumatic injury, carbuncle, swelling and pain.

1 Compendium: Treat typhoid fever, sore throat, eliminate swelling, and contain pharynx juice, or grind water to swallow.

2 "Records of Traditional Chinese Medicine": Dispelling blood heat and relieving swelling and toxicity. Treat carbuncle and malignant sore.

Administration and dosage: Take pills and powder,1~ 2 minutes (daily dosage). External use: grinding with vinegar, grinding, throat blowing or dressing.

pay attention to

Pregnant women and people with physical weakness should not take it.

Attached prescription

1 For the treatment of sore throat: Strychnos sinensis, Radix Aristolochiae and Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis are equally divided. Blow for the end. (abstract of medical prescriptions)

2. Treatment of throat wind swelling: one of the pistachio kernels and three of the woody roots. Grinding water together, regulating bear bile by three points and bile alum by five points, and sweeping the affected area with chicken feathers. ("Tang Yao's Experience")

3. Treating carbuncle from the beginning, internal injuries due to falls, and pain due to wind arthralgia: five yuan each for Momordica sinensis (put it in a casserole, stir-fry the loess to a brown degree, pound it in a stone mortar, sift off fur, and pick out the fine powder), five yuan each for Sesamum indicum (shelled, stir-fried with wine), five yuan each for frankincense powder (baked and sweated with Ruo leaves), and one or two for pangolin (fried with loess). * * * at the end of the research. Every time you take one dollar, don't take more than one drink, and take shelter from the wind after taking it, otherwise it will make people shudder. If people are weak, each take five points. (Ma Qian San, Life-saving and Bitter Sea)

4 treatment of otitis media: a wooden turtle, with well water grinding juice drops in the ear. (Guanghua Medical Journal11:38, 1933) Bake two nux vomica and five coins, remove the fur, then fry them with one or two pieces of linseed oil until they float, remove the nux vomica and reserve the oil for later use. During the treatment, the pus scale is washed away first, and then two drops of medicinal oil are added. Twice a day. (Selected Materials of New Medical Law of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Inner Mongolia)

5 Treatment of beriberi, hand and foot paralysis, hemiplegia, incontinence or spontaneous urination: six points for Momordica sinensis (peeled and ground into fine powder) and six points for Glycyrrhiza uralensis (fine powder). Refined honey is 40 pills, three times a day, each time1~ 2 pills, taken with warm water after eating, for seven days, and then taken after stopping for seven days. (Modern Practical Chinese Medicine)

6 Treatment of fractures: Semen Strychni and Fructus Aurantii. One or two grams of licorice are added to each kilogram of raw nux vomica, which is soaked in cold water in the same tank, and the water is changed once a day. After 16 days, the nux vomica hair is scraped clean, sliced and dried, fried with fine sand to yellow, and then soaked in children's feces (2-3 weeks in winter and 4-5 days in summer), then washed with running water for one and a half days, dried in the shade and ground fine. Fructus Aurantii (both raw and cooked), soak in children's excrement for 2 ~ 3 days, take out and wash with water, dry in the shade and grind fine. Mix Semen Strychni powder and Fructus Aurantii powder at a ratio of1:2, or make into honeyed pills. Adults take 2 grams three times a day, with a maximum of 8 grams a day. Children should reduce it. At the same time, the broken bone was reduced and fixed with small splint. Pregnant women, hypertension, high fever and mental patients should use it with caution. When taking a large amount of medicine, muscle twitching occurs, and the affected area is jumpy and dizzy, which can be relieved by drinking plenty of water (or licorice water). (Selected Works of the Whole Exhibition Surgery)

7 treatment of heat toothache is unbearable: half a wooden turtle, a small well of water, gargle, spit out the heat, and the pain stops when the water is finished. ("Hold the Spirit Herbal Medicine")

8. Treating spot sores: half of Doo, five points of Calomelas, five points of splash vermilion, and a little of sliced brain, musk and dried alum. For the end, the left eye blows the right ear, and the right eye blows the left ear twice a day. ("Fei Hong Ji")

9 treatment of rabies: one seed of the horse, wine ground into powder, swallowed with boiling water. (The Secret Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Guizhou Province)

clinical application

1 Treatment of facial paralysis

Wet the nux vomica, cut it into thin slices, about 1.2 pieces can be cut 1 8 ~ 24 pieces, arrange it on the adhesive plaster, and apply it to the affected side (sticking it to the left, sticking it to the right, sticking it to the left), and change it every 7 ~10 days until it returns to normal. Generally, it can be posted twice for mild symptoms. Treatment 15000 person-times, about 80% effective.

Treatment of myasthenia gravis

Soak nux vomica in water (warm water in winter and cold water in summer) 1 0 ~14 days, peel it, put it in boiled peanut oil, fry it with slow fire for more than 30 minutes, take it out when it is brown (broken by hand), and mix it with talcum powder to absorb oil, about10 ~/. Start with 1.5 points per day, take it in three times, and gradually increase it to 3.2 points or 4 points per day. Three cases were tried and treated, and two cases got better short-term curative effect. 1 case was ineffective. Among them, 1 case was treated with neostigmine at first, and the curative effect was good at first, then gradually decreased, and was treated with nux vomica, and the muscle strength gradually recovered, the grip strength increased, and there was no diplopia, so they could take care of themselves.

Treatment of tuberculosis

Semen Strychni has been used to treat cervical lymph node tuberculosis, tuberculous peritonitis, chronic fibrous cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis with pleurisy in each case 1 case, and all of them have certain curative effects. Methods: Take nux vomica and smash it for 4 yuan (adding Rhizoma Chuanxiong 1 2 to the cervical lymph node nucleus forming sinus), soak it in boiling water for 1 hour, then add 7 eggs, cook them with slow fire for 1 hour, take out the eggs, soak them in cold water for a while, and then put them back in the original liquid medicine for 1 hour to get the final product. Take one egg/kloc-0 every morning on an empty stomach, with 7 days as a course of treatment. 7 days apart, and then continue the next course of treatment. Generally, it takes 2 ~ 4 courses of treatment. Beware of breaking eggs in the process of boiling and soaking eggs. Broken eggs should be discarded and cannot be taken. 1 case of cervical lymph node tuberculosis achieved good results; 1 case of tuberculous peritonitis had no obvious effect after being treated with antituberculosis drugs for more than 4 months. After three courses of treatment with nux vomica, the abdominal mass disappeared and the stool was normal, but there was no obvious cord in the liver area and the right lower abdomen only at palpation, and he was discharged after two courses of treatment. In addition, 1 case of chronic fibrous cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with pleurisy and pleural effusion, pleural effusion was pumped 4 times in 10 day, and all pleural effusion was absorbed after two courses of adding medicated eggs. In addition, for 3 cases of hilar lymph node tuberculosis, the drug egg also has obvious effect. However, for some other pulmonary tuberculosis patients, the combination of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy and strychnine hydrochloride has no effect.

Treat cervical erosion

Take semen Strychni, fry it in sesame oil, filter off the residue, then add a proper amount of vaseline, and make ointment for later use. First, rinse * * * with potassium permanganate water, wipe off the secretion of * * * and cervical orifice, dip the cotton plug with thread in the ointment of semen Strychni, leave the end of the thread outside the * * *, and take it out after 6 hours. Apply the medicine once a day or every other day, 6 times. 34 cases were observed, 13 cases were cured, 20 cases were effective, and 1 case remained unchanged.

5. Treat carbuncle and swelling

Put nux vomica into a copper pot, fry it with sesame until it turns dark yellow, take it out, shave it, grind it into fine powder, and make it into pills or capsules with rice paste (average 1 nux vomica is 4 pills). Adults who are strong should take 3 ~ 4 pills a day, and take them with rice soup 1 time before going to bed. Pregnant women, weak or children under 6 years old are forbidden to take it. More than 500 cases were treated with/kloc-0, and all of them achieved obvious results.

Excerpt from * Dictionary