The pancreas is located in the upper middle of the abdomen, to the left of the liver, and its location is relatively hidden, located in the 1st-2nd lumbar vertebrae height, transverse to the posterior abdominal wall. The pancreas is divided into three parts, namely: the head of the pancreas for the right end of the pancreas expansion, in the second lumbar vertebrae in front of the right, the duodenum will be surrounded by the common bile duct, followed by the common bile duct and the two veins (hepatic portal vein and the inferior vena cava); as its name implies the body of the pancreas that is the middle of the pancreas, which is larger, spanning across the inferior vena cava, the abdominal aorta, the left kidney and the left front of the adrenal glands; the tail of the pancreas is the left end of the narrow and thin part of the left end of the pancreas, pointing to the spleen portal below the spleen and the spleen adjacent to it.

One of the main excretory ducts, which begins at the tail of the pancreas and runs rightward across its entire length, is known as the pancreatic duct, which joins the common bile duct and opens into the greater papilla of the duodenum, thus discharging pancreatic juice into the duodenum to fulfill its role.

The pancreas is a long, narrow gland placed transversely on the posterior abdominal wall at the level of 1 to 2 lumbar vertebrae, soft and grayish-red in color. The pancreas can be divided into four parts: the head of the pancreas, the neck of the pancreas, the body of the pancreas, and the tail of the pancreas.

The pancreatic duct is located in the parenchyma of the pancreas, and its walk is consistent with the long axis of the pancreas, from the tail of the pancreas through the body of the pancreas toward the head of the pancreas, along the way to receive many interlobular ducts, and finally in the descending portion of the duodenum within the wall of the choledochal duct and the common bile duct into the hepatic-pancreatic pot-bellied, opening in the duodenal large papillae. A small duct is sometimes seen in the upper part of the head of the pancreas, traveling above the pancreatic duct, called the parapancreatic duct, which opens into the small duodenal papilla.

Expanded:

Basic Functions of the Pancreas

The pancreas is a mixed secretory gland with two main functions: exocrine and endocrine. Its main exocrine component is pancreatic juice, which contains alkaline bicarbonate and various digestive enzymes, and its function is to neutralize gastric acid and digest sugar, protein and fat. The main endocrine components are insulin and glucagon, followed by growth hormone release inhibiting hormone, intestinal vasoactive peptide and gastrin.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Pancreas