Hand, foot and mouth disease is common in children under 5 years old. The main clinical manifestations are fever, many herpes in children's mouth, hands and feet. Some children will show symptoms of nervous involvement such as poor spirit, headache, vomiting, or increased heart rate, accelerated breathing, shortness of breath, and cyanosis of the lips (purple and black in color on the lips) after entering the period of nervous system involvement and cardiopulmonary failure.
1. General treatment, after being infected with hand, foot and mouth disease, do a good job of oral and skin care. The clothes used by children should be fully disinfected and the home should be ventilated frequently. Don't eat cold food and raw water. It is recommended to eat food that is easy to digest and not irritating.
2. Drug treatment, the cause of hand, foot and mouth disease is coxsackie virus infection, but there is no specific antiviral drug at present, and broad-spectrum antiviral drugs such as ribavirin can be used under the guidance of doctors. For those with high fever, such as body temperature higher than 38.5℃, antipyretic drugs can be taken; Cases with convulsions need to be stopped in time. The commonly used drugs are midazolam and diazepam. It is necessary to closely monitor vital signs and prepare for respiratory support.
Some severe cases may have brain edema, cardiac pulmonary edema, shock, intracranial hypertension and other symptoms, and need hospitalization, and corresponding dehydration drugs, intracranial pressure lowering drugs or vasoactive drugs are given. In case of encephalomyelitis and persistent high fever, glucocorticoid and gamma globulin can be selected.
All the above drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor, and they should not be used by themselves. There are many ways to spread hand, foot and mouth disease, and prevention is the key. We should develop good hygiene habits and healthy eating habits in our daily life. Children with hand, foot and mouth disease need to see a doctor in time and make diagnosis and treatment under the guidance of a doctor.