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China's pastry snacks have a long history, different flavors and various varieties. The history of pastry snacks can be traced back to the Neolithic Age, when there was a stone mill that could process flour and make it into powdered food. By the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, fried and steamed pastry had appeared, such as honey bait, preserved food, preserved food and so on. Since then, with the improvement of cooking utensils and stoves, the raw materials, preparation methods and varieties of China pastry snacks have been improved.
Increasingly rich. There are many popular snacks. Such as jiaozi, noodles, Lamian Noodles, pancakes, glutinous dumplings, fried dumplings, etc. in the north; Steamed dumplings in the south, spring rolls, zongzi, Yuanxiao, fried dough sticks, etc. In addition, according to their products and folk customs, many local snacks with strong local characteristics have evolved.
What do northerners eat for Mid-Autumn Festival? People's main activities are enjoying the moon and eating moon cakes. In Pucheng, Fujian, women have to cross Nanpu Bridge during the Mid-Autumn Festival to live longer. In Jianning, hanging lanterns in mid-autumn night is a good omen for asking for children from the moon palace. People in Shanghang County celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, and most of their children are invited to visit their parents when they are in Yue Bai. When Longyan people eat moon cakes, parents will dig out round cakes with a diameter of two or three inches in the center for their elders to eat, which means that the secret can't be told to the younger generation. This custom stems from the legend that moon cakes contain anti-yuan killing messages. Before the Mid-Autumn Festival in Jinmen, Yue Bai should pay homage to God.
There is a custom of Yue Bai in the Mid-Autumn Festival in Chaoshan, Guangdong Province, mainly for women and children. There is a common saying that "men don't have a full moon, and women don't sacrifice stoves". In the evening, when the bright moon rises, women set up a case in the yard and on the balcony to pray. Silver candles are burning high, cigarettes are lingering, and the table is filled with good fruits and cakes as a sacrifice. There is also the custom of eating taro in the Mid-Autumn Festival in the local area. There is a common saying in Chaoshan: "The river is opposite to the mouth, and the taro is eaten." In August, it is the harvest season of taro, and farmers are used to worshipping their ancestors with taro. This is certainly related to farming, but there is also a popular folk legend: 1279, Mongolian nobles destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty and established the Yuan Dynasty, which brutally ruled the Han people. Ma Fa defended Chaozhou against Yuan Dynasty. After the city was broken, the people were massacred. In order not to forget the suffering of Hu people's rule, later generations took taro as a homonym with "Hu tou" and it looked like a human head, so as to pay homage to their ancestors, which has been passed down from generation to generation and still exists today.
Burning towers on Mid-Autumn Night is also popular in some places. The tower height varies from1-3 meters, and it is mostly made of broken tiles. Large towers are made of bricks, accounting for about 1/4 of the tower height, and then stacked with tiles, leaving a tower mouth at the top for fuel delivery. In the Mid-Autumn Festival night, it will be ignited and burned. The fuel is wood, bamboo, chaff, etc. When the fire is prosperous, rosin powder will be poured to cheer, which is very spectacular. There are also folk regulations for burning pagodas. Whoever burns the pagodas to a full house will win, and those who fail or collapse during the burning process will lose. The winner will be awarded colorful flags, bonuses or prizes by the host. It is said that burning the tower was also the origin of the Han people's rebellion against the cruel rulers at the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the Mid-Autumn Uprising.
The folk customs in the south of the Yangtze River are also varied during the Mid-Autumn Festival. Nanjing people love to eat moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and they must eat osmanthus duck, a famous Jinling dish. "Sweet-scented osmanthus duck" should be in the market when cinnamon is fragrant, fat but not greasy, and delicious. After drinking, you must eat a small piece of sugar taro and pour it with cinnamon pulp. The beauty goes without saying. "Cinnamon pulp" was named after Qu Yuan's "Songs of Chu, Shaosi Ming" and "Helping the North to close its doors and drink cinnamon pulp". Cinnamomum cassia pulp, a sweet osmanthus, was picked around the Mid-Autumn Festival and pickled with sugar and sour plum. Women in the south of the Yangtze River are skillful in turning the chanting in poems into delicacies on the table. Nanjing people enjoy the moon with their families, which is called "celebrating reunion", group sitting and drinking is called "full moon", and traveling in the market is called "walking on the moon".
In the early Ming Dynasty, there was a Moon-looking Building and a Moon-playing Bridge in Nanjing. In the Qing Dynasty, a Moon-watching Building was built under Lion Mountain, all of which were for people to enjoy the moon, and those who played the Moon-playing Bridge were the most. When the bright moon is hanging high, people go to the moon tower and play the moon bridge together, taking pleasure in seeing the jade rabbit. "Playing Moon Bridge" is located in Qinhuai River, Confucius Temple, next to the famous prostitute Ma Xianglan's mansion. On this night, scholars gathered at the bridge to play flute and sing, reminiscing about Niuzhu's playing with the moon and writing poems to the moon, so it was called Playing Moon Bridge. After the death of the Ming Dynasty, it gradually declined, and later generations had a poem: "The romantic southern song has been sold out, leaving the west wind with a long slab bridge, but I remember sitting on the Jade Man Bridge and teaching the flute in the moonlight." Long Banqiao, the original Moon Bridge. In recent years, the Confucius Temple in Nanjing has been renovated, restored some pavilions in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and dredged rivers. Until the Mid-Autumn Festival, you can enjoy the fun of playing the moon together.
In Wuxi County, Jiangsu Province, it is necessary to burn incense in mid-autumn night. There is gauze and silk around the incense bucket, and the scenery in the moon palace is painted. There are also incense sticks woven with thread incense, with paper kuixing and colorful banners inserted on them. Shanghainese Mid-Autumn Festival banquet is accompanied by osmanthus honey wine.
In the evening of Mid-Autumn Festival in Ji 'an County, Jiangxi Province, every village burns crocks with straw. After the crock is red, put the vinegar in it. At this time, there will be a fragrance floating all over the village. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in Xincheng County, grass lanterns are hung from the night of August 11th until August 17th.
Children build a hollow pagoda with bricks during the Mid-Autumn Festival in Wuyuan, Anhui Province. Decorations such as curtains and plaques are hung on the tower, and a table is placed in front of the tower to display all kinds of utensils to worship the "tower god". At night, lights and candles are lit inside and outside. Children in Jixi Mid-Autumn Festival play Mid-Autumn Festival firecrackers. The Mid-Autumn Festival cannon is made of straw tied into a braid, soaked and then picked up to hit the stone, making a loud noise and having the custom of swimming in the dragon. A fire dragon is a dragon made of grass with incense sticks inserted in it. When you visit the dragon, there are gongs and drums teams, which travel around the villages before being sent to the river.
In addition to eating moon cakes during the Mid-Autumn Festival in Sichuan Province, people also eat cakes, ducks, sesame cakes and honey cakes. In some places, orange lanterns are also lit and hung at the door to celebrate. There are also children who put incense on grapefruit and dance along the street, which is called "dancing meteor balls". The Mid-Autumn Festival in Jiading County is called "Watching the Meeting" for offering sacrifices to the land gods and performing zaju, vocal music and cultural relics.
In the north, farmers in Qingyun County, Shandong Province offer sacrifices to the God of Earth Valley on August 15th, which is called "Young Miao Society". Zhucheng, Linyi, Jimo and other places have to pay homage to their ancestors in addition to the moon. Landlords in guanxian, Laiyang, Guangrao and Postal City also entertain tenants in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Jimo Mid-Autumn Festival eats a festive food called "Wheat Arrow". Lu 'an, Shanxi Province hosted a banquet for her son-in-law in the Mid-Autumn Festival. Datong county calls moon cakes reunion cakes, and it is the custom to keep vigil in mid-autumn night.
Wanquan County, Hebei Province calls the Mid-Autumn Festival "Little New Year's Day", and the moonlight paper is painted with the images of Taiyin Xingjun and Guandi reading the Spring and Autumn at night. Hejian county people think that the mid-autumn rain is bitter rain. If it rains on the Mid-Autumn Festival, local people think that vegetables must taste bad.
On mid-autumn night in Xixiang County, Shaanxi Province, men went boating and climbed the cliff, and women arranged a good banquet. No matter rich or poor, you must eat watermelon. In the Mid-Autumn Festival, there are drummers blowing drums along the door to ask for money. In Luochuan County, parents lead students to bring gifts for their husbands, and lunch is more than school dinners.
Some places have also formed many special Mid-Autumn Festival customs. Besides enjoying the moon, offering sacrifices to the moon and eating moon cakes, there are Hong Kong's dancing dragon, Anhui's piling pagoda, Guangzhou's Mid-Autumn Festival, Jinjiang's burning tower boy, Suzhou Shihu's watching the moon, Dai's Yue Bai, Miao's jumping on the moon, Dong's stealing moon dishes and Gaoshan's holding dance.
What do northerners eat for lunch on their birthdays? There is no fixed saying about what to eat at noon. Usually for lunch or dinner, one of the main meals is to eat longevity noodles and birthday cakes. But usually because there is no time at noon. Usually eat more at night.
What's the staple food for lunch? I'm a northerner. Corn noodles and buckwheat noodles are very nutritious and not easy to get fat. In short, eat less rice.
What do northerners have for lunch and dinner? That depends on where people are, like us in Shanxi, who get up early to eat steamed bread and drink porridge. Eat noodles at noon. You can eat steamed bread or noodles for dinner, not necessarily.
What do northerners eat in the Mid-Autumn Festival? The 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival in China. This is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. This is also the second largest traditional festival in China after the Spring Festival.
In China's lunar calendar, a year is divided into four seasons, and each season is divided into three parts: Meng, Zhong and Ji.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is also called Mid-Autumn Festival. The moon on August 15th is rounder and brighter than the full moons in other months, so it is also called Moon Festival, Autumn Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, August Festival, August Festival, Moon Chasing Festival, Moon Worship Festival, Daughter's Day or Reunion Festival, which is a traditional cultural festival popular among many ethnic groups in China. On this night, people look up at the bright moon in the sky like jade, and naturally look forward to family reunion. Wanderers who are far away from home also take this opportunity to pin their thoughts on their hometown and relatives. Therefore, Mid-Autumn Festival is also called "Reunion Festival".
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It is said that the moon is closest to the earth this night, and the moon is the largest and brightest, so there is a custom of drinking and enjoying the moon from ancient times to the present; The daughter-in-law who goes back to her mother's house will return to her husband's house in the future, in order to express her happiness and good luck. In some places, such as Ningbo, Taizhou and Zhoushan, the Mid-Autumn Festival is scheduled for August 16th, which is related to Fang Guozhen's change to "Lantern Festival on the 14th day of the first month and Mid-Autumn Festival on August 16th" in order to prevent attacks by officers and men of Yuan Dynasty and Zhu Yuantian. Besides, in Hong Kong, after the Mid-Autumn Festival, we will have another carnival in Izayoi called "Chasing the Moon".
The word "Mid-Autumn Festival" first appeared in the book "Zhou Li", and it was in the Tang Dynasty that a national festival really formed. In ancient times, our people had the custom of "autumn dusk and evening moon". The evening moon is to worship the moon god. In the Zhou dynasty, every mid-autumn night was held to welcome the cold and offer sacrifices to the moon. Set up a big incense table, and put moon cakes, watermelons, apples, red dates, plums, grapes and other sacrifices, among which moon cakes and watermelons are absolutely indispensable. Watermelon has to be cut into lotus shapes. Under the moon, put the moon statue in the direction of the moon, and the red candle burns high. The whole family worships the moon in turn, and then the housewife cuts up the reunion moon cake. Cut the people in advance to calculate the number of people in the whole family, at home and in the field, all together, can not cut more or less, the size should be the same.
What do northerners eat in beginning of autumn? Anyway, Beijingers usually stew pork belly. What kind of fat should they have? Stick on autumn fat.
What do northerners eat on New Year's Day? jiaozi, glutinous rice balls, dried persimmons, fish, pig's front feet, chicken, Yuanxiao and stove candy.
What do northerners have for breakfast? Soymilk, fried dough sticks, steamed buns, fried buns, Hu spicy soup, oil cakes, and various kinds of porridge, such as rice soup, wheat kernel soup, bean curd brain, corn grits ... in the morning, we usually eat oil rolls, steamed bread and other staple foods. There are also pickles on these pasta dishes, such as shredded radish, pickles and shredded ginger.
What mooncakes do northerners eat? Southerners eat mooncakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival. There are Cantonese-style mooncakes, Soviet-style mooncakes, Yunnan-style mooncakes and other varieties, but do you know? Do you want to know what is the most representative moon cake in the north? Let's take a look at China's eating net. ? Speaking of it, don't mention Beijing-style moon cakes. Yes, Beijing-style mooncakes are the representatives of mooncakes in Beijing and even in the north. Beijing-style moon cakes are mixed with sugar, that is, the crust made by mixing oil, sugar and flour. The stuffing of the package is basically mixed, and it is not necessary to stir at high temperature. Just mix the ingredients together, and the raw materials for the stuffing are more rock sugar, green silk (grapefruit and orange peel are dyed red and green after pickling), walnut kernel, melon kernel, oil and cooked flour. The taste is hard and pure sweet, and the sweetness and the ratio of skin to stuffing are moderate. Generally, the ratio of skin to stuffing is 4: 6. I like to use sesame oil, and the taste is sweet and crisp. In the Mid-Autumn Festival, old Beijing eats two kinds of traditional moon cakes, namely "naturally invited red" and "naturally invited white". After the reunion dinner, when enjoying the moon, because the moon rises late in the Mid-Autumn Festival in Beijing, it will probably not rise until nine o'clock. At this time, people will set the table, drink tea and then have a bite of moon cakes in the quadrangle. Both Zilaihong and Zilaihai are traditional Beijing-style moon cakes, and their names come from different skin colors: Zilaihong is made of hot noodles, while Zilaihai is cold water dough, so it presents different colors. "Zilaihong" is used as a sacrifice, so there are strict rules. The skin should be made of sesame oil, and there are different nuts in it, as well as Beijing's "green silk and red silk" (Yangmei and Chenpi), and there should be rock sugar. "Laibai" materials are more casual, and there are no special regulations, but the noodles are made of lard. The Mid-Autumn Festival also uses brown sugar and sesame sauce to make a kind of pasta called "reunion cake" to symbolize the sweetness, reunion and beauty of the whole family. The preparation method is: knead the well-made white flour with alkali, roll it into four thin cakes according to the size of the steamer, spread some sesame sauce and sweet osmanthus juice on each cake, code some preserved fruits and walnut raisins, and stack them layer by layer, then roll a larger cake and wrap it tightly into a big round cake from top to bottom, and steam it on the steamer. The difference between "reunion cake" and moon cake is that the former can be used as a staple food, while the moon cake is just a refreshment. The origin of eating moon cakes by northerners Some people think that eating moon cakes and giving them away have been related to the Mid-Autumn Festival since ancient times. In fact, this is not the case. In the early Tang dynasty, it turned out that only the first day of the eighth lunar month was a festival, but there was no fifteenth day. According to legend, later, Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty visited the Moon Palace on the night of August 15th, so that the people took August 15th as the Mid-Autumn Festival. In the middle Tang dynasty, people began to go upstairs to watch the moon on the night of August 15, when there were no moon cakes. Speaking of moon cakes, they first appeared in the Southern Song Dynasty. However, moon cakes at that time had nothing to do with the Mid-Autumn Festival. At that time, moon cakes were also very different from modern moon cakes, and only appeared in the food market as steamed food. It was in the Ming Dynasty that mooncakes really got in touch with the Mid-Autumn Festival. At that time, there was a kind of mooncake filled with fruit in Beijing, and people made mooncakes themselves on the Mid-Autumn Festival to eat and give them to friends and relatives to express reunion and congratulations. At that time, the size and shape of moon cakes were very irregular and very different, and their names were quite special. For example, in Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province, on the Mid-Autumn Festival, local people have the custom of sitting around and sharing reunion moon cakes. There are many interesting moon cakes made by them, such as crescent moon cakes for men, gourd moon cakes for women only, and moon cakes such as "the Monkey King" and "male prostitute" specially prepared for teenagers, etc. There are many names, and so on. In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (AD 1368), Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor in Yingtianfu (now Nanjing). On the second day of August, Xu Da captured the Yuan Dynasty, and the news came. Zhu Yuanzhang was so happy that he quickly handed down a message to let all the soldiers have fun with the people in the upcoming Mid-Autumn Festival, and gave the "moon cake" that was secretly transmitted when he started fighting that year as a seasonal cake to his ministers. Since then, the production of "moon cakes" has become more and more elaborate, with more varieties, such as discs, and has become a good gift. On this night in Nanjing, people painted the moon palace, displayed fresh fruits and moon cakes, lit incense, told stories about "the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon", "Wu Gang cut laurel" and "Jade Rabbit tinkered with medicine", and competed to put water lanterns, etc., which was very lively. Since then, the Mid-Autumn Night has been very lively in both the south and the north. Northerners eat moon cakes and fruits on this day and buy male prostitute for their children to play with.