Coriander, generally referred to as coriander, is a plant of Coriander in Umbelliferae.
Annual or biennial herb with strong smell, 20 to 100 cm tall. Roots are spindle-shaped, slender and have many slender branches. The stems are cylindrical, erect, multi-branched, striped and usually smooth. Rhizomes have stalks and are 2 to 8 cm long.
Leaf blade 1 or 2 pinnate cleft, pinnae broadly ovate or fan-shaped, length 1-2 cm, width1-/0.5 cm, with blunt serrations, nicks or deep cracks at the edge, three or more pinnate cleft cracks at the upper part of stem leaves, and finally the lobule is narrow.
Umbellies are terminal or opposite to leaves, and peduncles are 2 to 8 cm long. Umbrella spokes 3 to 7, length 1 to 2.5 cm. Bracteoles 2 to 5, linear, entire. Umbellies have 3 to 9 pregnant flowers, and the flowers are white or lavender.
Calyx teeth usually vary in size, with small oval triangles and large rectangular triangles. Petals are obovate, with a length of 1 ~ 1.2 mm and a width of about 1 mm, and a small concave tongue at the top. Radiant petals are 2 to 3.5 mm long and 1 to 2 mm wide, usually entire, with 3 to 5 veins. Filaments are 65438 0 ~ 2 mm long, anthers are about 0.7 mm long and oval; Style erect when young.
The fruit bends outward when it is ripe. The fruit is spherical, and the main edge and adjacent secondary edge on the back are obvious. Endosperm is concave on the ventral surface. The tubing is not obvious, or 1 is located below the secondary side. The flowering and fruiting period is from April to165438+1October.
growing environment
Coriander can tolerate the low temperature of-1℃ to 2℃, and the suitable growth temperature is 17℃ to 20℃. When the temperature exceeds 20℃, the growth is slow, and it stops at 30℃. Coriander is not strict with the soil, but the soil with good soil structure, strong fertilizer and water retention performance and high organic matter content is beneficial to the growth of coriander.
distribute
Originated in the Mediterranean region of Europe, it is said that Zhang Qian was brought back from the western regions in the Western Han Dynasty, and now it is cultivated in Northeast China, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Hubei, Henan and other provinces.
Main value
Medicinal value
Coriander is warm and pungent, and has the effects of sweating and rash, invigorating stomach, promoting digestion, reducing qi, invigorating spleen and harmonizing the middle energizer. Used for colds, anhidrosis, indigestion, loss of appetite, etc.
Edible
The tender stems and fresh leaves of coriander have a special fragrance, which is often used as an ornament and flavor enhancer of dishes and is one of the best vegetables that people like to eat.
Coriander contains a lot of volatile oil, and its special aroma is volatile oil. It can remove the fishy smell of meat, so adding some coriander to some dishes can play a unique role in removing fishy smell and enhancing flavor. Coriander extract has obvious effects of sweating, clearing away heat and penetrating rash, and its unique fragrance can stimulate sweat gland secretion and promote sweating and penetrating rash. Another function of regulating the stomach is that the pungent aroma of coriander can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, which has the effect of appetizing and strengthening the spleen.
nutritional ingredient
Coriander is rich in nutrition, including vitamin C, carotene, vitamin B 1, B2 and so on. At the same time, it is also rich in minerals, such as calcium, iron, phosphorus and magnesium. Its volatile oil contains mannitol, valeraldehyde, nonaldehyde and linalool, which can stimulate appetite and strengthen the spleen. Coriander also contains potassium malate and so on.
The amount of vitamin C contained in coriander (coriander) is much higher than that of ordinary vegetables. The average person can meet the human body's demand for vitamin C by eating 7 to 10 gram of coriander leaves. Carotene in coriander is 10 times higher than that in tomato, kidney bean and cucumber.