2. flowerpot selection: it is best to use pottery pots for potted aloe vera, not porcelain pots or plastic pots, because the air permeability is poor and the roots are easy to rot. Soak the new pot with water before use, otherwise it will not easily penetrate into the pot after watering, and the semi-dry and semi-wet pot wall will hurt the new roots.
3. Seedling selection: Seedling selection is also the key to aloe cultivation. Robust aloe seedlings should have short and thick leaves, dark green colors and more than four roots.
4. Potting: Seeds are planted in pots, which should be carried out in spring and summer, not in winter. The low temperature is not conducive to the occurrence of new roots. Before putting the basin, a broken tile can be placed at the bottom of the basin and pressed on the permeable hole at the bottom of the basin, which can not only keep the drainage, but also prevent the leakage of the basin soil. When filling the pot, first put the aloe seedlings in the center of the pot and try to stretch the roots. After root irrigation, gently lift the seedlings upward, slightly compact them, so that the roots are in close contact with the pot soil, then add the pot soil, keep it 2 ~ 3 cm away from the pot edge, and pay attention to straightening the seedlings as much as possible. Finally, slowly pour water into the basin.
It is worth noting that aloe just put into the basin should not be exposed to direct sunlight, so as to avoid water loss and excessive consumption of nutrients. Keep it in the semi-shade, and get more sunshine after the seedlings take root.
5. Changing pots: Generally, potted aloe cultivation needs to change pots every 1 ~ 2 years, and it is better to change pots in April-May in spring and September-10 in autumn. When changing pots, keep the soil intact and try not to hurt the roots. After changing pots, it needs to be maintained in a semi-shady place for a period of time, and then moved to the sunny place for maintenance after the seedlings are completely slowed down.
6. Temperature: Aloe is afraid of cold, because it originally grew in a frost-free desert environment for a long time. When the room temperature is 5℃, the growth of aloe will stop, and at 0℃, the life process will be hindered. The optimum growth temperature for aloe cultivation is 15-5℃ and the humidity should be 45-5%.
7. Watering: Aloe vera is known as "a plant that won't die in drought", so generally many watering effects are not great, but if there is water in the soil, it will lead to root rot and flooding. Water can be poured once every 15 ~ 20 days in winter, so as to increase leaf moisture appropriately, water as little as possible, and keep the basin soil dry; Water is usually poured every 5 to 7 days in spring. The principle of watering is not to dry, but to pour thoroughly; It takes 2 to 3 days to water in summer, but also pay attention to less exposure in the hot sun to reduce water loss; The watering method of aloe in autumn is basically similar to that in spring, and the soil in the basin should be dry and wet.
Aloe vera should not be watered more before it turns green and takes root. Generally, the watering time should be better in the morning and evening, and the water temperature should be close to the soil temperature. Remember to plant aloe in a pot. It is dry, not wet.
8. Sunshine: Aloe needs enough sunshine to grow. Except for the new species of aloe, it is not suitable for sunbathing (it has been cultivated for about half a month). You can only see the sun in the morning, and you can get more sunshine at other times. The more you get, the better you grow.
9. Fertilizer: Fertilizer is indispensable for good reproduction. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and some trace elements can be used in aloe. In order to ensure that aloe is a green natural plant, fermented organic fertilizers, such as cake fertilizer, chicken manure and compost, can be used as much as possible.
10, overwintering maintenance: potted aloe can generally overwinter safely if it is kept indoors. It should be remembered that 5℃ is the lowest safety line for aloe to overwinter. When the temperature is higher than 5℃, some corresponding warm-keeping measures should be taken. Try to water less or even no water in winter, properly spray water on the leaves, and try to make potted aloe see more sunshine.
First, matters needing attention:
Aloe just put into the basin should not be exposed to direct sunlight. It should be maintained in a semi-shady place, and the seedlings can get more sunshine after taking root.
Aloe vera should not be watered more before it turns green and takes root. The watering time is usually in the morning and evening, and the water temperature is close to the soil temperature. Remember to plant aloe in a pot, dry rather than wet.
Second, the planting method of aloe:
1. Potted soil configuration: Aloe vera is confined in a narrow pot under potted conditions. Potted soil suitable for growth should have the functions of maintaining fertilizer, water and drainage, and ventilation. The pH value is suitable and neutral. The materials commonly used to prepare potted soil are field mud, garden mud, humus (fermented, dumped leaves, straw, sawdust, etc. ), river sand or coal ash. The preparation method is as follows: the proportion of field (garden) mud, humus and river sand (or coal ash) is 4: 4: 2 respectively, which can be appropriately changed according to local material sources on the premise of not affecting the fertilizer, water and gas of basin soil.
2, flowerpot selection: before potted, choose the appropriate flowerpot according to the varieties planted. Aloe is a large plant, which has been planted for more than a year and a half. Its leaves are 50-80 cm long and its single leaf weighs about 500 grams. The flowerpot is large, with a diameter of 25-30 cm. Aloe China and Aloe arborescens are relatively small, and the diameter of flower pots is about 20 cm. You can also use a small flowerpot when planting, and then transplant it into a large flowerpot when aloe plants and flowerpots grow asymmetrically.
3. Planting method: When potted, first put two-thirds of the pot soil, put the seedlings into the pot, open the roots, then put the remaining pot soil, gently lift the seedlings, slightly compact the pot soil, subject to the seedlings not falling down, then pour a small amount of root-fixing water, put it in the shade, and move it to the sun after the aloe begins to grow. But in summer, we should guard against the scorching sun. Aloe vera is sensitive to sunlight when it is young, so it should be shaded properly. After planting, some aloe leaves will change color, which is the slow seedling stage of aloe. When it starts to grow normally, the color of the leaves will get better.
Third, the daily care of aloe vera:
1. water: the basin soil of aloe should be kept moist, and too much water is not good for the root system of aloe, because aloe has the characteristics of drought resistance and fear of waterlogging. When watering is needed, water gently along the edge of the basin, and do not use force, so as to avoid the soil hardening easily and affect the permeability of the soil. In case of basin soil hardening, loosen the soil in time to a depth of about 1.5 cm.
2. Fertilization: In the process of aloe growth, it is not enough to rely only on the nutrients in the basin soil. Proper fertilization can meet the growth needs. Organic fertilizer, such as peanut bran (cake), is better, more efficient and cleaner. Before use, fully soak in water for fermentation, and then dilute with water. For example, apply a chemical fertilizer with a concentration of 0. 1%. The frequency of fertilization depends on the growth of aloe. If you use leaves frequently, the frequency should be more, about once a month.
3. Picking: The standard for picking aloe leaves is to grow for one year or more than 65,438+02 leaves, and aloe leaves that have grown for more than one and a half years are preferred. The picked leaves should be full and smooth, and the gravy should be clear and transparent, so that aloe vera has high components and good utilization effect. When picking, cut a hole on both sides of the leaf base from bottom to top with a knife, and then break it gently. The picking quantity should be kept on the basis of 12 leaves.
4. Changing pots: Generally, potted aloe cultivation needs to change pots every 1 ~ 2 years, and it is better to change pots in April-May in spring and September-10 in autumn. When changing pots, keep the soil intact and try not to hurt the roots. After changing pots, it needs to be maintained in a semi-shady place for a period of time, and then moved to the sunny place for maintenance after the seedlings are completely slowed down.
5. Sunshine: Aloe needs enough sunshine to grow. Except for the new species of aloe, it is not suitable for sunbathing (it has been cultivated for about half a month). You can only see the sun in the morning, and you can get more sunshine at other times. The more you get, the better you grow.
6. Fertilizer: Fertilizer is indispensable for good reproduction. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and some trace elements can be used in aloe. In order to ensure that aloe is a green natural plant, fermented organic fertilizers, such as cake fertilizer, chicken manure and compost, can be used as much as possible.
7. Overwintering: potted aloe can generally overwinter safely if it is placed indoors. It should be remembered that 5℃ is the lowest safety line for aloe to overwinter. When the temperature is higher than 5℃, some corresponding warm-keeping measures should be taken. Try to water less or even no water in winter, properly spray water on the leaves, and try to make potted aloe see more sunshine.