Dictyophora, also known as monk bamboo mushroom, reticulate mushroom, fairy hat, bamboo ginseng mushroom, bamboo sheng, bamboo mushroom, bamboo cup, bamboo meat, bamboo mushroom and so on. It originated in China and was recorded in Youyang Miscellanies written by Duan in the Tang Dynasty. In modern times, it is a rare high-quality edible fungus, which naturally grows on the mountains in the southwest plateau. Tender, smooth, soft, delicious, fragrant, dry, best-selling at home and abroad, in short supply, mostly as a precious dish at senior banquets.

Dictyophora dictyophora is a basidiomycete, a fungus of Phyllostachys, and its fruiting body is pen-shaped. There is a bell-shaped mushroom cap at the top, and a white net body hangs down under the cap. The cover is red with mucus on the surface. Most of them grow on rotten bamboo bodies in the depths of bamboo forests, about ten centimeters long. There are three kinds of dictyophora indusiata in Yunnan: long skirt dictyophora indusiata, short skirt dictyophora indusiata and red support dictyophora indusiata. With the rapid development of edible fungi research in China, many domestic scientific research units are introducing and domesticating, and some areas have obtained artificially cultivated fruiting bodies. We expect the large-scale production of Dictyophora dictyophora to enrich the mushroom market in China.

Growth profile Every September and 10, spores mature and autolyse and flow into acidic red soil. In the humid bamboo forest for about two months, spores germinate and grow into mycelium, and spread and grow when they meet yuba. About five months later, the fungus buds appeared at the front end of the fungus rope, and then in February, the fungus buds broke through the ground. When they were near maturity, they gradually changed from spherical to oval, and the top was convex, and the fruiting body grew from the convex part.

Dictyophora dictyophora grows very fast, so it must be harvested in time, when the shell is about to break or just break. Early or a little late will affect the quality. After harvesting, peel off the bract shell, leaving mushroom umbrella, mushroom handle and bract foot, drying in the sun or drying, and pressing into a flat shape to obtain the finished product.

Origin and specifications are mainly produced in Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces. Sichuan Province has a large output and good quality, which is produced in Changning, Xingwen, Gu Lin, Hejiang, Huxian, Fushun, Leshan and other counties in the south of the province, among which Changning County has the best product quality. Dictyophora dictyophora in Guizhou is distributed in Bijie, Panxian and Qianxi. Dictyophora yunnanensis is widely distributed in Fuyuan, Yongshan, Yanjin, Yiliang and other places.

The quality of dictyophora indusiata is mainly identified from two aspects: color and texture. The top grade is light yellow in color, uniform in length, soft in texture and fragrant in smell. Dark color, followed by thick texture.

The specifications and grades of Yunnan Province are as follows:

Grade A: dry body, white or yellowish in color, fragrant in taste, thick and soft in meat, complete in bacteria, free from scorching, moth-eaten and mildew, and over five inches long.

Grade B: dry body, white or yellowish in color, fragrant in taste, slightly thin and soft in meat, complete in mushroom shape, free from scorching, moth-eaten and mildew, and over four inches long.

Grade C: dry, dark yellow in color, delicious, thin in skin, slightly burnt, and about three inches long.

The packaging and storage of dictyophora indusiata is extremely delicate, perishable, most afraid of moisture, and has high packaging requirements. Generally, Dictyophora dictyophora is tied into small bundles with yarn rope, each bundle is about 30~40 pieces, and then put into small iron boxes, each box has a capacity of 5 kg. Seal with solder. When transporting abroad, three small boxes will be packed in a wooden box, wrapped in gunny bags and tied tightly with ropes.

Dictyophora storage. It can be stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse from late autumn to Qingming, and it is appropriate to enter the cold storage after Qingming. A small amount of lime can be stored in a big jar. Put the whole piece of lime in a small bag with fine cloth, put it in a jar, and then put it into bamboo shoots. The bottle mouth is sealed and isolated from the air. In about 20 days, lime will be divided into powder and must be replaced in time. If you want to change it frequently, you can also spend the bad season. But after a long time, the color of dictyophora becomes dark, which affects the quality.

In ancient China, Dictyophora indusiata was listed as one of the eight treasures in the world, and it was a very precious special food. At present, the output is not much, mainly used for state banquets or for cooking in high-end hotels. Few stores retail.

Dictyophora indusiata is rich in protein and carbohydrates, and contains a certain amount of fat, inorganic salts and water-soluble vitamins. Wash the dirt and sediment with cold water before cooking, then soak them in warm water and put them into the pot. The soaked juice should not be discarded, but can still be mixed into the dish after precipitation and clarification to achieve the taste. Famous dishes include abalone and bamboo sun soup, grilled bamboo sun with shrimp and so on, which are deeply loved by Chinese and foreign people.

conscience

202165438+30 February.