Ans:

Glycyrrhiza glabra was first published in Shennong Ben Cao Jing (Classic of the Divine Husbandman's Materia Medica), and is classified as the top grade of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicines with a long and extensive history of application. According to modern research, the roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza glabra contain the triterpenoid saponin glycyrrhetinic acid, or glycyrrhizin, which is the sweet component of Glycyrrhiza glabra, in addition to a variety of flavonoids, namely, glycyrrhizin, isoglycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizoside, neoglycyrrhizin, new isoglycyrrhizin, manzanilloside, glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetol, 5-0-methyl glycyrrhetinol and isoglycyrrhetinol, and so on. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that licorice has adrenocorticotropic hormone-like effect, ulcer inhibition, anti-inflammatory, anti-metamorphic reaction and detoxification, can promote lipid metabolism in hypertensive patients, increase the secretion of bile; as well as cough suppressant, analgesic, anticonvulsant, anti-tumor, anti-HIV and so on. Modern clinical mainly used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers, Addison's disease, Schieffer's syndrome, tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, infectious hepatitis, acute schistosomiasis, malaria, thrombocytopenic purpura, gastrocnemius muscle spasm, congenital myasthenia gravis, thrombotic vasculitis, uterine eruption, ophthalmologic inflammation, skin chafing, AIDS and so on. Especially glycyrrhizic acid components, with the prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis, hyperlipidemia, can be anticancer treatment of cancer, can be used as interferon inducers and cellular immune modulators, but also suitable for making a variety of alkaloids, antibiotics, amino acids in the preparation of the complex, often synergistic, solubilizing, synergistic and other effects. Glycyrrhiza glabra can be used as a beverage flavoring agent, root and rhizome powder and its extract residue can be used as veterinary feed. Therefore, the use of licorice is more extensive, the development of broad prospects, urgent further development and research.

In the treasure trove of medicine in the motherland, licorice is a common and important drugs. Said it is common, because it is rich in medicine, medicine price is low, said it is important, because it is in the many traditional Chinese medicine prescription, plays a subtle role in many aspects. From ancient times, licorice has been valued by medical practitioners, China's first surviving ancient monograph of traditional Chinese medicine, "Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing" listed licorice as "top grade". The fifth century A.D. famous doctor Tao Hongjing edited the "famous doctors," called her for the beauty of grass, honey grass, there is a "national old" such an honorific. Tao Hongjing said: "the old man that is the name of the emperor's teacher, although not the king but for the king of the Zong, is to be able to peace and the grass and stone, and to resolve all the poisons also. Also said: licorice "most of the main drug, the prescription is rarely not used". In the seventh century, Zhenquan also said that it "harmonization of all medicines, so there is the name of the old country.

However, licorice is not just a heavy responsibility to harmonize the medicines, and is not limited to detoxification, it does have a variety of effects. "Shennong Ben Cao Jing" records, licorice has a firm sinews and bones, long muscles, times the power and detoxification of the function, can cure the five viscera and six organs of cold and heat evil gas and gold sores and swellings. Famous Doctor's Record" said licorice can warm, down the gas, cough and thirst, to relieve the poison of all medicines. Distinguished pharmacologist Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica" said it can harmonize the group of products, there is the function of the old, universal cure for all evils, the King's Way. Zan Di force and people do not know, convergence of divine power and their own not with, can be described as a good phase of the medicine. Licorice is used raw and roasted with the difference. Chinese medicine clinic has long been summarized, licorice raw with the pass, moxibustion with the experience of complementary. Because of its sweet taste, to clear heat and fire detoxification for the long, with the treatment of sores, eczema, fever, etc. must use raw licorice. If the honey-roasted after the taste changed to sweet and warm, and the role has changed, there is a warming and dispersing cold, in addition to the evil heat, tonifying the spleen and stomach, moistening the lungs and benefiting the efficacy of the qi. The roots and stems of licorice are used in medicine, and its composition contains glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhizin, reducing sugar, starch, gelatin and minerals, etc. The main reason for the sweetness of licorice is that it has a sweet taste. Licorice has a sweet flavor, mainly due to glycyrrhizin.

Licorice has a therapeutic effect on gastrointestinal ulcer disease with excess stomach acid by inhibiting its gastric acid secretion. Licorice infusion orally can cover the inflamed pharyngeal mucosa, moderate the inflammation on it ***, play a role in suppressing cough. The detoxification function of licorice is mainly the result of the reaction between glucuronic acid decomposed by glycyrrhizic acid and toxins. Experiments have proved that licorice and various preparations can eliminate or reduce the toxicity of ammonium chloride, histamine, chloral hydrate, benzene-arsenic, mercury; tetrodotoxin, snake venom, diphtheria toxin, tetanus toxin also has a certain detoxification effect. The active ingredient of its detoxification effect is licorice sweeteners. Glycyrrhiza glabra can be hydrolyzed to release glucuronic acid to combine with poisons containing hydroxyl or carboxyl groups to detoxify. In addition, licorice sweeteners have adsorption effect on poisons, and its detoxification effect is directly proportional to the adsorption rate. Like medicinal charcoal, it adsorbs poisons in the stomach and detoxifies them by reducing their absorption. Glycyrrhiza glabra alcohol extract and glycyrrhiza glabra hypochlorous acid inhibited in vitro against Aureobasidium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Escherichia coli, amoebic protozoa and Trichomonas. Licorice hypochlorous acid potentiated the inhibitory effect of berberine on S. aureus in vitro. Licorice preparations are effective in a variety of inflammatory skin diseases and skin allergic disorders, such as contact dermatitis, allergic dermatitis, eczema, dermatitis rash. Used in ophthalmology for the treatment of herpetic conjunctivitis, scleritis, acute iridocyclitis, etc. also achieved good results. For the treatment of primary thrombocytopenic purpura has a certain effect. In addition, licorice also has the effect of lowering cholesterol in hypertensive patients as well as analgesic, antispasmodic.

Recently reported that the licorice in the study of licorice sweeteners, which can inhibit the formation of AIDS spots and infected cell changes, thereby inhibiting the reproduction of AIDS, the inhibition rate of 98%, the former Soviet Union, Turkmenistan, such as the Center for AIDS Prevention and Control of the unit, from the licorice in the isolation and preparation of an effective inhibition of HIV reproduction of the drug Negligence Zin, experts believe that the structure and the United States of America to develop azide deoxythymidine. Experts believe that its structure is similar to that of the azide deoxythymidine developed in the United States, but it has no side effects and has been clinically proven to be an extremely effective drug for the treatment of AIDS. The oral tablets made of extracts of licorice and other traditional Chinese medicines produced by Lianyungang Tianqing Pharmaceutical Factory are used in the treatment of 60 AIDS patients, and have improved the symptoms, symptoms and immune function of the patients, and the role of this preparation has been proved by pharmacological experiments. The toxic side effects of licorice are relatively small, but if it is taken in large amount for a long time, it can cause edema, blood pressure elevation and blood potassium reduction and other symptoms and digestive disorders such as bloating and fullness in the stomach and abdomen, and dullness and so on, and the above situations can be completely avoided if the dosage of the medicine can be properly controlled. To sum up, the role of licorice is quite wide, from ancient times to the present, in the clinical application of different prevention and treatment role, with the development of modern science, the use of biology, chemistry, pharmacology and other disciplines and techniques, in-depth study of the medicinal value and mechanism of licorice, which is more conducive to the development of licorice and its wide application in the clinic. This will be more conducive to the development of licorice and its wide clinical application, so that licorice, as a "national old man", will emit a more brilliant light in the treasure house of traditional pharmacology.