Original title: "" Sir, what would you like to drink? "——Let's visit the Cold Drink Shop of the Song Dynasty together! "History of the Song Dynasty·Book of Rites" records that in summer, the emperor would give some special rewards to ministers, including "" honey sand ice". Sand should refer to " " "Bean paste" and red bean paste were very common in the Song Dynasty. Presumably, ""Misha Bing"" is ice topped with honey and put bean paste, which is a bit like today's red bean shaved ice. Speaking of ""Misha Bing", China People have a long tradition of eating ice. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, especially in the Song Dynasty, both royal and folk ice storage activities were very large. In summer, a large amount of ice could be taken out of the ice cellar for consumption, and the folk ice trade was even more active. , also promoted the development and popularization of ice food. There were two main ways for people in the Tang and Song Dynasties to eat ice to relieve the heat. One was cold water made from ice and snow, that is, cold drinks, and the other was ice cubes or unmelted snow that was broken into small pieces. This is ice food. In the Song Dynasty, cold drinks made of ice and snow were quite common, especially in the capital. For example, "Tokyo Menghua Lu" records that "" alley street sales" in Bianliang included "" ice and snow". "Cold water" is sold everywhere at alley intersections and in Qiaomen markets. People walking on the street can buy a bowl to quench their thirst at any time. Rich people even distribute "" cold water on the streets. "Heat-heat medicine and ice water" ("West Lake Old Man's Records"), as a kind of charity, provides free heat-relieving medicine and ice water to passers-by. Of course, these ""ice and snow cold water"" and "ice water" should be made from melted ice and snow. Part of the Yuan Dynasty mural painting at the Hongdong Water Temple in Shanxi. Yuan Quhua, a Song Dynasty poet, wrote about enjoying the cool night in the elegant garden, which was also the time of "sitting and waiting for the moon to invade the corridor". "Recommended to drink with ice". As for the seasoning used when mixing ice water, it is mainly honey. For example, Li Zhiyi of the Song Dynasty described a "summer beauty" who "filtered honey to mix ice with frost" in "Partridge Sky". . In the Northern Song Dynasty, in addition to drinking ice and snow water, it was also popular to drink unmelted ice and snow directly. Cheng Hao wrote in his "Poetry of Eating Ice": "The tired man in the car is thirsty and thinks a lot." Ice cubes make a perfect recipe. "Obviously, he ""eated" ice cubes (chewing ice and writing so elegantly). This is also considered a good way to sober up and relieve hangover. For example, Xuchang's "Magnolia" has ""Chewing Red Window Wine Sickness" The sentence "ice"; Zhu Dunru also wrote in "Spring Dawn Song" ""The beauty chews spring ice when thirsty with wine". The Ru Kiln celadon lotus-style pouring bowl of the Northern Song Dynasty is in the collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei, but it is in the "Tokyo Menghua Lu" and other notes , the ice foods sold in the market are not similar to "" honey ice", but the varieties are also extremely rich. In addition to a wide variety of drinks, you can also eat a variety of cold drinks. For example, Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, once arrived, In the sixth month of the lunar calendar, both sides of the street are lined with cold drink stalls. The cold drink stalls hold large green cloth umbrellas, and mahogany tables and chairs are placed under the umbrellas for diners to sit and rest. The cold drink stalls on the streets of Bianliang have "" hanging high under the green umbrellas. A signboard with the word "Xiangyinzi", a customer drinking cold drinks in front of the stall (part of "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" by Zhang Zeduan of the Song Dynasty) According to "Tokyo Menghualu", there are ""Mung Bean, Ice and Snow Licorice Cold Water" and ""Bingxue Lengyuan" "Zi", "raw waterlogged papaya", "cool water lychee paste" and so on. In addition, according to "Meng Liang Lu" records, there were also cold drinks sold in Hangzhou, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, mainly selling "medicated papaya" and "snow soaked bean water" ""Snow-soaked Plum Blossom Wine"... Five Dynasties Ding Kiln Ming Bowl Collection of the Shanghai Museum. Another cold drink stall on the street in Bianliang, with a signboard with the word ""Yin Zi" hanging under the green umbrella. (Part of "Along the River During the Qingming Festival") " "Ice and snow" is similar to today's ice cream. In the Song Dynasty, people used copper basins to collect water, put sugar, juice or pectin in it, took it outside to freeze and then hid it in an ice cellar. They cut it into small pieces (or carved it) in the next summer. Small animal shape), sold in cold drink shops, is the Song Dynasty version of ice cream; ""Liangjiang" is an iced fermented rice soup, sour and sweet and delicious, maybe similar to wine. ""Ice Snow Licorice Soup" is made of Make a soup of licorice, sugar and water, then add crushed ice cubes after it cools down. "Bingxue Leng Yuanzi" is made from soybeans and sugar. Fry the soybeans, peel them, and grind them into bean powder. Mix well with sugar or honey, add water to form a small ball, and finally soak it in ice water. ""raw submerged papaya" is to peel the papaya, leaving only the pulp, cut it into small cubes, and soak it in ice water. "Medicinal papaya" is more troublesome. You need to use salt, honey and several Chinese medicinal materials such as Patchouli, Angelica dahuricae, amomum villosum, or other Chinese medicinal materials as needed, pickle the papaya, and then boil it in boiling water until it softens. White, mash into puree, then mix well with ice water to make a refreshing drink.

""Liangshui Lychee Cream" basically has nothing to do with lychees. It mainly uses black plums to make pectin, and then the pectin is melted into ice water. ""Mung Bean Ice and Snow Cold Water" is obviously iced snow water mixed with mung bean soup, which is iced mung bean soup. Yeah. ""Snow-soaked plum blossom wine", as the name suggests, refers to iced plum blossom wine. Northern Song Dynasty Ding Kiln Carved Sunflower Bowl, Collection of Shanghai Museum. There were no refrigerators in the Song Dynasty, and the ice cubes would melt quickly as soon as they came out of the ice cellar. In order to solve this problem, Cold drink shops in the Song Dynasty had a large double-layered wooden barrel with a base at the bottom and a round lid on the top. The interface was covered with white copper. Once the ice cubes were placed in the interlayer, it would not melt for two or three days. It is 82 cm high, 91 cm long and 90 cm wide. Use large wooden barrels to keep cold drinks cold. This kind of "" refrigerator" can also be used as an air conditioner. Place one in each corner of the room. When you open the lid, air conditioning will come out. You can Cooling down. Judging from the records of Song Dynasty people such as "Shi Lin Guang Ji" and "Old Wulin Stories", by the Southern Song Dynasty, the variety of cold drinks became more abundant, and there were dozens of types on the market - agarwood water, lychee ointment, Bitter water, white water, Jiangcha water, bayberry water, sugar water, papaya water, five-flavor water, snow soaked skin drink, apricot drink, perilla drink, Xiangzhu drink, plum blossom wine, soap water, hangzhijiang , pear pulp, marinated plum water, ginger honey water, mung bean water, coconut water, sugar cane juice, papaya juice, Wuling Dashun powder, lactose real snow, kumquat dumpling, sweet bean soup... In "The Records of the Old Man of West Lake" "" Various Water Names" lists ""Lactose True Snow", presumably, ""Lactose" should be added to white snow. According to the ""Stone Honey"" article in "Compendium of Materia Medica", ""Stone Honey and "The milk and cheese made into cakes are lactose", and ""stone honey"" is white sugar. In this way, lactose is simply today's milk sugar! How does this kind of milk sugar from the Song Dynasty compare with ""real snow"" How about combining them together? Volume 13 of "Menglianglu" mentions a kind of ""lactose pouring"". Maybe ""lactose real snow"" is to pour the sticky lactose topping on the ice chips ""white snow"". In addition to fruits, Grass leaves and flowers can also be made into drinks. Their method is to boil the water the night before and let it cool, and then choose any kind of fragrant flowers such as roses, jasmine, pomelo flowers, etc. to soak until it is cool. Leave it in the water overnight to allow the essence of the flowers to slowly seep into the water. The next day, mix the cooked cold water soaked with floral fragrance with freshly boiled hot water, which is the standard summer drink of the Song Dynasty. "Water". A green and white glaze bowl from the Jingdezhen kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty, 26.1 centimeters in height, is collected in the Shanghai Museum. Today's fashionable beverage shops may not serve a cup of plum blossom tea on a midsummer day, and a faint fragrance of cold plum blossoms suddenly hits the bottom of the nose. However, in the lives of the ancients, there were also many kinds of ""off-season"" tea drinks, each with its own characteristics. The plum blossom tea just mentioned is also called ""secret fragrance soup"" and is one of the most classic ones. In In winter, pick the half-opened plum blossom buds, mix them with fried salt, and seal them in a porcelain vase. In summer, put a little honey in a teacup, then put three or four plum blossom buds in, rinse them with boiling water, and the flower buds will bloom immediately, like in full bloom. The flowers on the branches are generally fresh. It is said that after it is cooled and mixed with ice and snow, it can be used instead of tea to make people feel refreshed. (Pictures come from Nan Study and the Internet)