The calligraphy and paintings of Su Huang, Mi Cai, and Su Shi were treasures that many people wanted to acquire at that time. Su Shi usually would not send calligraphy at any time, but he had a habit of writing and drawing after he was drunk and woke up. Therefore, acquaintances often use this method to obtain his calligraphy and paintings. A military attache was also very interested in Su Shi's calligraphy and painting, but he did not know Su Shi and could not use this method. So he found a civil servant who was acquainted with Su Shi and said that if he could help him get one of Su Shi's calligraphy and paintings, he would do it with a A leg of lamb is exchanged. After the civil servant agreed, he began to write to Su Shi. Su Shi always replied to his letters. In this way, the civil servant made a lot of leg of mutton through Su Shi's replies.

Later, for some reason, Su Shi's disciple, Huang Tingjian of Suhuang Micai, found out about it, and he told Su Shi about it. Su Shi didn't care at the time. But for a while he was too busy at work and forgot to reply. The civil servant began to look forward to it, but he couldn't believe it and couldn't exchange it for a leg of lamb. So he sent a servant to Su Shi to urge him. When Su Shi saw the servant, he picked up his pen to reply. Suddenly he thought of Huang Tingjian's words, so he put down his pen and said to the servant: "Tell your lord, I will not kill sheep today!"

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Reciting poems and attending banquets

When Su Shi was twenty years old, he went to the capital to take a scientific examination. Six arrogant people looked down upon him and decided to invite Su Shi to a banquet with the intention of teasing him. Su Shi went happily after accepting the invitation. Before taking the table and using chopsticks, everyone proposed a drinking order. The content of the drinking order must quote historical figures and events, so that you can eat a plate of food alone. The other five people roared with cheers. "I'll come first." The older one said, "Jiang Ziya fishes on the Weishui River!" After saying that, he took away a plate of fish. "Qin Shubao sells horses in Chang'an," the second man said proudly as he took away the horse meat. "Su Ziqing Beihu Shepherd," the third person took the mutton without showing any signs of weakness. "Zhang Yide sells meat in Zhuo County," the fourth one shouted anxiously, reaching out and grabbing the meat. "Guan Yunchang scraped the bones from Jingzhou," the fifth one couldn't wait to grab the bones. "Zhuge Liang grows vegetables in Longzhong," the sixth arrogantly picked up the last piece of vegetables. After all the dishes were finished, the six people were happily preparing to eat and laugh at Su Shi, but Su Shi calmly chanted: "Qin Shihuang annexed the six countries!" After saying that, he put all six dishes in front of him and said with a smile : "Brothers, please come!". The people in Liuju were dumbfounded.

Getting ahead

When Su Shi took the examination in the capital, the presiding judge was Ouyang Xiu, a famous literary figure in the Northern Song Dynasty. When he was reviewing the papers, he was fascinated by Su Shi's gorgeous writing style. To prevent favoritism, the examination papers at that time were all anonymous. Therefore, although Ouyang Xiu wanted to choose this article as the first one, he felt that this article was very similar to what his disciple Zeng Gong had written, and he was afraid that it would be true, so he finally ranked it second. It wasn't until the release of the list that Ouyang Xiu found out that the author of the article was Su Shi. After knowing the true situation, Ouyang Xiu regretted it, but Su Shi had no intention of caring about it at all. Su Shi's generosity and outstanding talent made Ouyang Xiu marvel at him: "Such a young talent should really be recognized (idiom) This is where success comes from!" and officially accepted Su Shi as his disciple.

Family gathering

After Su Shi came second in high school, the three fathers and sons of the Su family and the family of Su Xiaomei, who is famous for her three-year-old Qin Shaoyou, gathered in the garden to celebrate. Su Shi's father, Su Xun, made a decision Using the two words "cold and fragrant", each person writes two poems, and the requirements are that they will fit the situation at that time. To take the lead, Su Laoquan walked slowly to the flower pond and chanted: "The water flows cold from the edge of the stone, and the wind blows from the flowers with fragrance." Ziyou stood up and picked fragrant wintersweet petals, flicked his fingers and said, "The cold words are unknown, but the plum blossoms are fragrant on his fingers." The younger sister also went to pick flowers. Ziyou wanted to laugh at him for imitating himself, but the younger sister said: "The cuckoos in the sun have a cold mouthpiece, and the flowers and butterflies in the sky have a fragrant dream." After speaking, he spread his palms and found that a butterfly had been crushed to death. The daughter's characteristics were revealed, and everyone applauded in unison. However, Su Shi flicked the stone bench and rode away. Su Laoquan called out: "My son, don't leave if you can't answer the question." Before he finished speaking, Su Shi said two sentences in a long voice: "Flick the stone and come and sit down." Bring the cold, step on the flowers and return home with the scent of horseshoes!"

Dongpo Fish

Su Shi was not only a literary master, he was also very good at gourmet food. In addition to the well-known Dongpo elbow, Su Shi was also good at cooking fish. The cooked fish is superb. Once, Su Shi was so inspired that he went out to cook fish in the cupboard. Just after it was cooked, he saw Huang Tingjian coming in through the window. ). Knowing that he was trying to get rid of the food jam again, he hurriedly hid the fish on the top of the cupboard. Huang Tingjian walked in and said, "Today I'm asking Brother Zizhan for advice. May I ask Su Shi how to write Su?" Su Shi responded with a long face: "Su, the grass is above the grass and the fish is on the left and the grass is on the left." Huang Tingjian said again: "Then this fish Can you put it on the right side?" Su Shi said, "Okay." Huang Tingjian then asked, "Is it okay to put the fish on the top?" Su Shi said, "What's the point of putting the fish on the top of the cupboard?" Said: "Since Brother Zizhan also knows this truth, why do you still put the fish on it?!" Su Shi, who has always been quick-thinking, was completely beaten by Huang Tingjian this time!

Fruit and medicine

Soon after his marriage, Su Shi was invited to Huang Tingjian's house as a guest. When he got there, a servant rushed to ask him to go back immediately, saying that his wife was in a hurry.

Huang Tingjian meant to be sarcastic and chanted: "Fortunately (apricot, jujube, plum), and calm (Cistanche deserticola is a traditional Chinese medicine)." This sentence contains three fruit names and one medicine name. Su Shi didn't even look back, stepped on the saddle and walked away, saying as he walked: "But this matter (Nai, the genus of apple, sugarcane, persimmon) must be dealt with by Danggui (the name of Chinese medicine)." Sigh, Dongpo layman's talent is really impressive. People are convinced.

High integrity

As a scholar, it is inevitable that he likes to express his opinions boldly and openly in politics. Su Shi, who is almost synonymous with talent, is no exception. As a conservative, Su Shi fiercely criticized Wang Anshi's reforms. In the second year of Yuanfeng, Shenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty, in the tenth year of the implementation of the reform, Wang Anshi finally couldn't sit still in the face of Su Shi's sharp criticism. Su Shi was demoted to Huzhou, then arrested and sent to Bianliang for trial. The literary inquisition known as the Wutai Poetry Case in history began, and a large number of literati and writers who had contact with Su Shi were implicated. Even Su Shi's deceased teacher Ouyang Xiu and his family were not spared. Su Shi himself even suffered a hundred days in prison. Later, after Wang Anshi's reform failed and passed away, Emperor Zhezong of the Song Dynasty ordered Su Shi to draft an imperial edict on his behalf. Su Shi did not avenge his personal revenge in the edict because of his different political views. Instead, he spoke highly of his political opponent. There is a paragraph in the article that says: "Gui Wei's article, Su Shi himself is well-deserved for this evaluation given to Wang Anshi. The noble and selfless spirit of Dongpo layman really moved future generations.

The line between life and death

After Su Shi was imprisoned, Emperor Shenzong sent a young eunuch to pretend to be a prisoner and sleep with Dongpo in order to test whether he had any hatred for the emperor. During the meal during the day, the little eunuch teased him with words. Su Shi ate the meal with gusto and replied: "No matter how thunder strikes, my heart will remain unmoved!" At night, when he fell asleep, the little eunuch teased him again: "Sleep, Master Su." Why don't you sigh when you wait for a bed?" Su Shi ignored him and replied with a snore. The little eunuch woke him up early the next morning and said, "Congratulations, sir, you have been pardoned." You know, that night was extremely dangerous. As long as Su Shi has a little complaint and strange behavior like not eating well or sleeping well, he will be in danger. In fact, Emperor Shenzong was also a confused person. How could he not figure it out based on Su Shi's intelligence when he sent a eunuch?

Dongpo Chibi

After Su Shi was pardoned, he was demoted to Huangzhou. Living in a thatched hut on Dongpo with the help of friends (this is where Dongpo lay people came from), Su Shi had a lot of free time at this time, so he wrote poems and traveled around, and wrote a lot of masterpieces such as "Linjiang Immortal", "Linjiang Immortal" and "Linjiang Immortal". Bu Suanzi: "Residence at Dinghuiyuan in Huangzhou" and so on were written during this period. "Niannujiao" written by Su Shi while visiting Red Cliff in Huangzhou has become an eternal masterpiece. However, although Su Shi was knowledgeable and talented, he made a fatal mistake in geography. The Red Cliff of the Three Kingdoms is located in the upper reaches of Wuhan, while the Red Cliff of Huangzhou is located downstream of Wuhan. This Red Cliff is not the other Red Cliff. However, it is wrong to make a mistake. The Red Cliff inscribed by Su Shi is now called Dongpo Red Cliff.

Conservation

After the restoration of the conservatives in the imperial court, Sima Guang, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty who was famous for smashing vats, returned to worship the prime minister, and the new law was completely abolished. At this time, Su Shi, who was also a conservative, advocated that the new law should not be completely negated and that good people and bad people should be treated differently. Therefore, he had a fierce conflict with Sima Guang and was demoted to Guazhou again. Although Su Shi believed in Buddhism, he did not like monks. I heard that there was a monk named Foyin in Guazhou Jinshan Temple who was very famous. When Su Shi heard about it, he was not convinced and decided to go to the mountain to meet the old monk! In the temple, Su Shi talked about everything from the emperor to civil and military officials, from governing the country to how to be a human being. The monk listened quietly. Su Shi looked down on Foyin from the bottom of his heart when he saw that Foyin had been silent. I thought to myself: Everyone said he was capable, but he is just a fool, and he came here to defraud a few people out of their incense money! The topic slowly turned to Buddhist matters. At this time Foyin asked: "What kind of person should Lao Na be in the eyes of Mr. Su Shi?" Su Shi was full of contempt and casually replied: "What do you think in the eyes of ordinary people?" You may be capable, but that's because they are shallow. In fact, you make up your mind every day and have no real talent. You are just a liar!" Foyin smiled slightly and said nothing. Seeing him like this, Su Shi not only looked down upon the monk even more, but also became very proud of himself, so he took advantage of it and asked: "Who do you think I, the Great Scholar Su, am in your eyes?" "You are a very knowledgeable and cultivated person. Man, it is better for you to lose yourself!" Foyin replied. After returning home, Su Shi proudly told his little sister how to make the monk in the morning. After hearing this, Su Shi laughed so hard that her rice gushed out. Su Shi was confused and asked: "Why are you laughing, little sister?" "You belittled the monk and he not only didn't get angry but praised you. Who do you think has cultivation? How can cultivation come from without knowledge? You still think you are better than others." Strong? I’m so embarrassed that you don’t even know!” After hearing this, Su Shi suddenly realized that he and Master Foyin became sworn friends from then on.

'The Bones' Were Not Cold

One day, Su Shi and Foyin took a boat trip to Slender West Lake. Master Foyin suddenly took out a fan with poems by lay Buddhist Dongpo and threw it to In the river, he loudly shouted: "Poem (Corpse) on the Dongpo River!" At that time, Su Shi was stunned for a moment, but he quickly pointed to the dog gnawing bones on the river bank and chanted: "The dog is gnawing the bones of the (monk) on the river. ! ”

Eating grass on Dongpo

With nothing to do, Su Shi went to Jinshan Temple to visit Master Foyin. Unexpectedly, the master was not there, and a young novice came to open the door. Su Shi said proudly: "Where is the bald donkey?!".

The little novice monk pointed calmly into the distance and replied: "Eat grass on the east slope!"

Couple to retreat the enemy

During the Northern Song Dynasty, the Song people led the Liao State to invade. The imperial court, which was deliberately seeking peace, attracted an envoy from the Liao State and asked the Song people to answer the first couplet: three lights, sun, moon and stars. If the second couplet appears, the troops will be withdrawn and peace will be negotiated. This couplet seems simple, but it is not easy to understand. The numbers in the sentence correspond exactly to the things that follow, and the numbers selected in the couplet correspond to things that are more or less than three. Su Shi, who happened to be back in Beijing to report on his work, cleverly combined the upper and lower couplets with a stroke of his pen: Four poems in ode to elegance. The beauty of this couplet is that the "Four Poems" only have three names: "Ode to Fengya", because there are "Daya" and "Xiaoya" in the Book of Songs, which are collectively called "Ya". In addition to the four parts of "National Style" and "Ode to Poetry", the "Book of Songs" is also called the "Four Poems". The witty couplets are so perfect that the Liao envoy admired them greatly.

Among the three of us, I must be my teacher.

Su Shi, his younger sister, and Huang Tingjian were enjoying the paintings one day, and it was interesting to see the above couplet: Thin willows in the breeze, plum blossoms in the pale moon. It seems that it is a four-character couplet, but there is an empty word in the middle. My sister suggested adding words in the middle to make it a five-character couplet. Huang Tingjian's answer is: the thin willows dance in the breeze, and the plum blossoms are hidden in the pale moon. The younger sister wrote: The gentle breeze shakes the thin willows, and the pale moon reflects the plum blossoms. Su Shi thought for a moment and responded immediately, filling in words to make it: The gentle breeze supports the thin willows, and the pale moon loses the plum blossoms. Looking at the couplets between the three people, Su Shi is the most wonderful: the word "help" not only writes the gentleness of the wind and the delicateness of the willows, but also writes the intimacy between the wind and the willows, making it more vivid; The word "hidden" is appropriate. It not only emphasizes the brightness of the moonlight, but also takes into account the cleanliness of the plum blossoms. It highlights the scene where the two merge into one color, which is more consistent and appropriate.

His plan

Su Shi’s close friend Foyin. Although he is a monk, he does not avoid eating meat and wine. On this day, Foyin fried fish and drank wine, and Su Shi happened to come to visit. Foyin hurriedly hid the fish under the big chime (wooden fish). Su Shi had already smelled the fish fragrance and disappeared when he came in. Thinking of Huang Tingjian's trick that day, he suddenly thought about it and said deliberately: "I came to ask the master today, what is the next sentence of Xiangyang Mendi's spring is always there?" Foyin I was deeply surprised that my old friend read out an old and well-known sentence, so I said the following sentence casually: People who accumulate good deeds will be blessed. Su Shi touched his palm and laughed: "Since there are fish (surplus) in the chime (qing), let's accumulate some kindness and use it to enjoy it."

Wushan River

Once, Su Shi made an appointment with his younger brother Su Che and Master Foyin. The three of them traveled together, and Foyin improvised a sentence: Wushan is as good as Wushan. The key lies in the homophony of "wu" and "witch". Su Che said: How can a leaf be as round as a lotus leaf? After hearing this, Su Shi said to his younger brother: It is good to use the homophonic pronunciation of "He He" and "无武", but would it be better to change it to this: He water can be as clear as a river. After hearing this, Foyin and Su Zhe agreed. Using "water" against "mountain" would win the battle more steadily.

Little sister Lianqi

Su Shi, who had not seen his friend for a long time, invited Huang Tingjian to his home. When the little sister saw her brother going out to greet her in person, she made a joke about it, saying: My brother invites you to visit Shuangyue. "Double Moon" is combined into the word "Peng". Su Shi knew that the little sister was joking with him, so he immediately said: Little sister catches the wind in front of the window. "Half" is very appropriate for "double", and "wind" is for "moon". Interestingly, the traditional Chinese character for "风" is "风", and Banfeng means "lice", which means that the little girl is catching lice in front of the window. The little girl turned away in anger.

皛饭 and 泳饭

After Su Shi was reinstated, he once talked to Huang Tingjian: "When I was in prison, I ate three white rice every day. It was still very sweet and the most delicious thing in the world." But that’s it!” Huang Tingjian curiously asked what three white rice was, and Su Shi replied: "A pinch of salt, a plate of raw radish, and a bowl of rice, this is 'three white rice'." Su Shi forgot about this. One day, I received an invitation from Huang Tingjian, inviting Su Shi to his home for a meal. Su Shi happily accepted the appointment and said to his wife: "Huang Tingjian was a scholar of the time and read a lot. His white rice must be a rare thing. But when Su Shi arrived at the place and found that there were only salt, radishes and rice on the table, he suddenly realized that Knowing that Huang Tingjian was teasing him, a few days later, Huang Tingjian also received an invitation from Su Shi, inviting him to have a cuì meal. Huang Tingjian knew that Su Shi wanted to take revenge, but he was curious and wanted to know what cuì meal was. Finally, we went. Su Shi chatted with Huang Tingjian from morning to night, and Huang Tingjian was so hungry that he couldn't help but ask: "Salt is not enough." (pronounced mǎo, meaning "without"), the radish is also hairy, and the rice is also hairy, wouldn't it be considered as 'null' rice? In fact, you have been enjoying it. "After Huang Tingjian was shocked, the two of them laughed at the same time.

It would be better to die

In his later years, when Su Shi was dying, he asked his sons who were waiting around the bed: " You say, is it good to die? ! The younger son answered mysteriously: "It must be good." Su Shi asked curiously: "How do you know for sure?" ! The younger son said: "Think about it, if it goes badly, all those who died might as well come back."

No one has come back for thousands of years, so it must be good to die!

For example, in order to help his younger sister get married to Qin Guan, his sister made things difficult for him. Qin Guan said that he could only enter the bridal chamber if he matched her poem. "At that time, Su saw that Qin Guan couldn't stand up to him, so he gave him a hint and threw a stone into the water. As a result, Qin Guan suddenly became enlightened and said, "Throw the stone to break the sky in the water." This was how they accomplished their good deed... .Wait, there are many, many stories about Su Shi...