The Han Dynasty was the longest dynasty in the feudal empire, from the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty by Liu Bang, the ancestor of the Han Dynasty, to the abdication of Liu Xie, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, and the demise of the Eastern Han Dynasty. After 29 emperors, the national movement lasted for 47 years. During more than four centuries of historical storms, many rulers with both political science and martial arts have emerged.

judging from the historical achievements of the Han dynasty, it is not only the incubator of the Han nationality, but also the foundation of Chinese culture. From the beginning of the establishment of the Han Dynasty in 22 BC, the Huaxia nationality has been called the Han nationality since then. Hanfu, Chinese characters, Chinese, Sinology, Han Li, etc., the national culture with "Han" as the core, took root and sprouted in the Han Dynasty and has a long history.

As the orthodox origin dynasty of Chinese culture, the Han Dynasty is not only the unswerving and firm promotion, but also the cultural charm contained in Chinese culture. At the same time, Chinese culture is deeply rooted in the hearts and thoughts of every Han people. The author believes that after the establishment of the Han Dynasty, Chinese children found a sense of national identity.

In the vast Han culture, food culture has always been a key point that cannot be bypassed. Although Chinese culture has made positive contributions to the promotion of national ideology and the development of civilization. But for the whole world, what they care most about is clothes and food in their mouths. In fact, this is also an important ideological opportunity for the vigorous development of diet culture in Han Dynasty.

The author thinks that before analyzing or discussing the unique food culture in Han Dynasty, we should first tell you a historical common sense. That is, the kitchen, an indispensable food position in the construction of houses in modern society, actually originated in the Western Han Dynasty. When the concept of kitchen was born and entered thousands of households, the diet culture of Han dynasty also stepped onto a new stage that envied the world. Food culture in the kitchens of the Han Dynasty

I believe everyone knows the important position of the Han Dynasty in ancient history. However, when it comes to the food culture of the Han Dynasty, I believe that few people will make a clear statement. The Han dynasty not only inherited the territory of the Qin dynasty, but also followed the old system in politics, economy and culture.

from this point of view, the Han dynasty should be a brand-new empire based on the Qin dynasty. After Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang adopted Xiao He's suggestion and began to implement the policy of "rest and recuperation", not only did the devastated post-war country gradually get rid of the poverty and poverty.

and under the influence of the "rest and recuperation" policy, the people living in the society at that time not only returned to the land one after another, but also lived a stable life of "working at sunrise and resting at sunset". Under the influence of the tax system of "fifteen taxes one, thirty taxes one", most ordinary people can not only get more surplus value, but also gradually live a well-fed life.

First, the catering culture in the court kitchens of the Han Dynasty

Under the strategy of this historical background, the catering culture in the Han Dynasty developed in full swing. In the court of Han Dynasty, there was a Shaofu, which was specially responsible for meals, and different institutions were set up according to different food types. The official in Shaofu is mainly responsible for "meals"; The guide officer specializes in "selecting rice", while the soup officer is fully responsible for "cake bait".

The main duty of these officials is to manage the meals of the emperor and even the royal family. The author believes that from this point, we can see that a relatively complete food management system has appeared in the court of Han Dynasty. The reason why this leap-forward development occurred was mainly related to the sharp increase of food types at that time and even the improvement of cooking level.

1. Greenhouse, growing vegetables

According to historical records, the most important thing in the royal diet culture of Han Dynasty is "out-of-season" food. Because Chang 'an, the capital of Han Dynasty, belongs to the northern city, it is not easy to eat fresh vegetables after the arrival of cold winter. However, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, who had absolute power, could eat onions, leeks and other vegetables in winter.

was there a greenhouse in the Han dynasty? Or through the "South-to-North Diversion", the dream unique to this modern society has been realized? In fact, it was recorded in a historical document: "Covered with furniture, fire accumulates day and night, and it is born when it is warm". In a house with thick walls, plant vegetable seeds in the soil, and then live in the house to raise the room temperature.

In this way, the seeds can germinate and grow into vegetables, while the Taiguan in Shaofu is mainly responsible for growing vegetables. Although this method looks very advanced, it costs a lot of money. Only members of the royal family living in the court, or only the emperor, can have this kind of luck to eat delicious food.

2. There were various kinds of food in the Han Dynasty

Strictly speaking, the types or quantities of food in the Han Dynasty were very rich. Staple food, non-staple food, fruit, meat and eggs, fish, etc. were already home-cooked dishes in the palace kitchen in the Han Dynasty. The food on the table of ordinary people in the Han Dynasty, although not comparable to the imperial diet, is not inferior to modern society at all.

all kinds of food in the palace kitchen are not only dizzying, but also the cooking skills of the imperial chef have reached the level of cooking a "state banquet", so the delicious food on the table of the emperor of Han Dynasty is not only full of color, fragrance and taste, but also more reasonable in nutrition collocation. The staple food is mainly rice, porridge, porridge and various cakes.

When people in the Han Dynasty cooked meat, the main cooking methods were roasting, boiling, frying, waxing and preserved. At the same time, the Han dynasty also inherited the custom of "raw food" in the pre-Qin period, and glutinous rice, glutinous rice and raw fish were all popular table foods in the society at that time. However, due to the obvious polarization between the rich and the poor in the Han Dynasty, all kinds of ingredients in the palace diet were almost unheard of by the folk people.

However, due to the rich diet culture in the Han Dynasty, although the people could not eat the delicacies in the palace, the staple food and non-staple food were basically the same. It's only limited by cooking techniques and condiments, so the food in the kitchens of ordinary people in the Han Dynasty can't be compared with the royal meals of the court, but it's very easy to fill their stomachs.

3. Staple food and meat are abundant

In the Han Dynasty, rice, wheat, millet and millet were also the main staple foods, but in fact, the "five grains" in the Han Dynasty was already a relatively broad pronoun. In addition to the familiar grains, there are beans such as soybeans, mung beans and soybeans. Most of the northern areas feed on millet, millet and rice, especially millet, which is a daily ration.

(1) The northern grain ration "millet"

"millet" is the millet that northerners often eat. As the main grain crop in the northern region of Han Dynasty, it once became the protagonist on the dinner table of northerners. In the Theory of Salt and Iron, there was a saying that "fifteen buckets of millet are the food of Ding Nan for half a month". In short, fifteen bushels of millet is equivalent to half a month's rations for an adult male.

the author thinks that "millet", as a staple food in Han dynasty, not only solved the problem of food and clothing for northerners, but also laid a very important material foundation for the development of agricultural economy in Han dynasty. Because "millet" is simple to plant and the yield per mu is relatively high, it is still regarded as a staple food until modern society.

(2) The southern staple food "rice"

Compared with the northern region, the southern climate environment is superior, so the rice yield is very considerable. People living in the area south of Huaihe River in Han Dynasty planted rice in almost every household. The saying of "rice soup fish" is a portrayal of the life of ordinary people in the southern region at that time.

in the Han dynasty, the royal family liked rice very much. In order to eat southern rice, they even sent manpower to transport rice from the far south to the north. This is mainly because rice is not only soft and delicious, but also delicate in taste, which is also an important reason why millet can not be compared with it.

(3) The technology of raising "six animals" by frequent table guests such as chickens, pigs and dogs was improved in the Han Dynasty. Because there are more than 9% farmers all over the country, almost every family of ordinary people living in rural areas will raise "six animals". The "horses, cattle, sheep, chickens and dogs" mentioned in the San Zi Jing, except for horses, cows and other large livestock, all the other "four livestock" were meat sources in the Han Dynasty.

People cooked meat into various delicious foods by cooking methods such as "roasting, boiling, frying, waxing and preserving", which enriched the diet culture of the Han Dynasty to a certain extent, and the dining table of ordinary people in the Han Dynasty really became a gourmet paradise that modern people yearned for infinitely.

Strictly speaking, five grains and six livestock were actually quite extensive in the Han Dynasty. In fact, the dog among the "six animals" was not only a guardian in the society at that time, but also a delicious food on people's table. This is mainly because there were many families who raised dogs in the Han Dynasty, and the custom of dog meat spread for thousands of years, so dog meat was put on the table to accompany meals.

during the Han dynasty, because of the high price of pork, ordinary people rarely saw pork on the table. However, pork is indeed an indispensable delicacy in the recipes of nobles and landlords. The way of eating pork in modern society was actually invented and became a common practice as early as the Han Dynasty more than 2, years ago.

At that time, the most common meat was pigs and chickens. In small-scale peasant families with men plowing and women weaving, "two females and five chickens" were the minimum standards. Many large families with relatively well-off families will even set up a professional pig farm in order to ensure that the whole family can eat meat.

The author believes that the gradual enrichment of the dining tables of ordinary people in the Han Dynasty actually reflects the progress of productive forces and people's exploration and longing for food culture. Although there were not many social ingredients at that time, and the cooking technology could not be compared with now. But as long as we can have plenty of food and clothing, I believe it is the greatest wish of all ordinary people. The ideal of food contained in the kitchen of the Han Dynasty

In modern society, the kitchen for cooking food is indispensable for both buildings and bungalows. Judging from the history of kitchen birth, it is no exaggeration to say that the kitchen in Han Dynasty was the earliest prototype of the kitchen now, and it can also be said that the concept of kitchen was formed in Han Dynasty. The author thinks that when the kitchen appeared, the food culture completed a gorgeous turn.

The kitchen system in Han Dynasty was very simple. Generally speaking, for families with apartments, the kitchen was usually built in the "front yard". For a large family living in a building, the kitchen will be set on the ground floor. In fact, judging from the unearthed housing model of the Han Dynasty, the area of the kitchen in the Han Dynasty is actually very large.

This is mainly because the kitchens in the Han Dynasty were used as storage rooms in addition to cooking. Ordinary people's kitchen facilities are not particularly perfect, but stoves, cupboards and shelves for rice noodles are all available. Especially in some large-scale restaurants, the kitchen facilities are almost the same as those in modern society.

The author believes that the reason why people in the Han Dynasty specially built kitchens is actually closely related to the increasingly prosperous food culture and daily needs. After the kitchen was born, it made it easier to cook food, and it also enriched people's dining tables. In a word, the kitchen in the Han dynasty actually placed the expectation of the Han people on the ideal of food culture and food. Conclusion

It is very exciting to talk about the Han Dynasty, mainly because the Han Dynasty is the birthplace of Chinese culture. Not only in the construction of the Chinese cultural system, but also made incomparable superior contributions. Moreover, Chinese and Chinese characters have been widely spread. In modern society, Han people still occupy the vast majority, which is closely related to the cultural influence of the Han Dynasty.

I believe that the food culture in ancient society will show extremely exciting cultural characteristics at the arrival of every development explosion. If the appearance of tableware makes diet a culture, then after the birth of kitchen in Han Dynasty, it is a key historical stage for the diet culture to achieve great success again.