? Speaking of Chaoshan, it is called Chaozhou overseas and in old times. It is a Han ethnic group whose mother tongue is Chaoshan dialect. It is one of the natives of Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and other places along the Lingnan coast of China. Chaoshan ethnic group is one of the three major Han ethnic groups in Guangdong.

One of the departments.

The Chaoshan people belong to a branch of the Heluo people. They originated from the ancient Central Plains and are famous at home and abroad.

? Gongfu tea, Chaozhou music, Chaozhou zheng, English singing and dancing, etc. have been included in the national intangible cultural heritage list for 46 items (accounting for 1/4 of the total intangible cultural heritage in Guangdong).

The Chaoshan culture, which contains rich medieval heritage, has been hailed by sinologists as "the cabinet of Central Plains culture". Since the Tang Dynasty, it has been an important gateway of China's Maritime Silk Road and the main channel to Taiwan.

Since the Song Dynasty, it has been known as "a famous state in the mountains and seas, a state in the south, and a seaside state".

The famous contemporary writer Lao She wrote a poem, "I long for the autumn of Chaoshan for decades".

? Chaoshan dialect has a history of more than 2,000 years.

Chaoshan dialect is one of the remnants of ancient Chinese that can be traced back to the pre-Qin Dynasty before the Tang Dynasty. It is one of the oldest official languages ??in China. It is an authentic language that has been continuously transformed and devoured after the unification of Qin.

?Chaoshan dialect originated from the ancient Hokkien Putian dialect. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty, the late Southern Song Dynasty, and the late Yuan Dynasty, during the war in Hangzhou, during the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, during the harsh coastal migration, Fujian Putian people successively immigrated to today's

In the Chaozhou area, the reasons for emigration were overpopulation in Putian, Fujian, and war caused by escaping foreign invasion. In the late Southern Song Dynasty, war was caused by escaping foreign invasion. The scale of the migration in the late Southern Song Dynasty was the largest, with hundreds of thousands of people from Putian, Fujian immigrating to today's

Chaozhou area.

The ancient Putian dialect in Fujian belongs to the Min language, and the current Puxian dialect has been greatly influenced by the Fuzhou dialect in the provincial capital.

In fact, Putian immigration is a very famous event.

? According to relevant historical data, Chaoyu originated in the Qin and Han dynasties, took shape in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and did not form its own independent language system until the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.

The main body is ancient Chinese from the Central Plains, mixed with dialects, and the phonology is roughly the same as other modern Hokkien dialects.

Today, Chaozhou people and Quanzhang people can still communicate in some simple dialects.

? Chaozhou dialect, a kind of Hokkien dialect, is also one of the oldest and most special dialects in the country today.

For Chaozhou people, Chaozhou dialect is a bond of emotional connection and has great cohesion.

Especially in foreign countries, the local pronunciation is the same, which is "jiaojiren".

The linguistic characteristics of Chaoshan dialect can be summarized as special grammar, rich vocabulary, unique phonology, and many ancient semantics.

"Ping", "Shang", "Qu" and "Ru" have four tones. Chaozhou dialect is divided into Yin and Yang categories: "Yin Ping", "Yin Shang", "Yin Qu", "Yin Ru", "Yang Ping", "Yin Ping", "Yin Shang", "Yin Qu", "Yin Ru", "Yang Ping"

There are eight sounds: "Yang Shang", "Yang Go", and "Yang Enter".

Guests are called 人客, hens are called chicken hens, typhoons are called fengtai, walking is called xinglu, iron pots are called tripods, and bottles are called zun.

Chaoshan dialect retains the characteristics of ancient Chinese. One word in Chaoshan dialect has multiple meanings. The word "food" includes almost all oral eating actions such as drinking, eating, drinking, sucking, sucking, etc., such as eating (smoking), smoking (eating), etc.

Drink (drink) wine, eat (gnaw) sugarcane, eat (drink) water, etc.

The long history of Chaoshan dialect has a unique charm that leads us to explore it.

? Not only is Chaoshan dialect a major feature of Chaoshan, but when talking about Chaoshan, more people must think of Chaoshan’s custom of worshiping gods.

? There are many gods that Chaoshan people believe in: God of Wealth, God of Earth, God of Heaven and Earth, Uncle, Prince, Queen, God of Grains, Mother of Grains, Seven Saints, Stove God, Mazu, etc... Chaoshan people not only worship many gods, but also themselves

The ancestors also attached great importance to it.

? For this, we can trace it back to the primitive society period.

At that time, due to the low productivity and limited cognitive level, natural phenomena such as wind, rain, thunder, lightning, and the movement of celestial bodies could not be explained or defeated, so they were worshiped as gods of vitality.

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In the early days of feudal society, Chaoshan people, who were part of the land of ancient Chu, used the convenience of sea transportation to frequently communicate with Japan and Southeast Asian countries. Therefore, compared with inland people, they seemed to be more knowledgeable and active in thinking.

Qu Yuan, a famous poet from the ancient Chu State, raised a series of questions about the mysteries of nature in his long philosophical poem "Heavenly Questions". Many of these questions still have no scientific answers to this day.

As a result, all the problems in the mind could only be explained with the help of gods, thus forming the tradition of Chu people "believing in ghosts and loving temples".

In addition, Chaoshan people have long had the habit of developing overseas. Almost every family of Chaoshan people has relatives who have traveled across the ocean and live in other places. Because they are far apart from each other, in the long-term isolation between the inside and outside, the relatives can only communicate in silence.

Pray to comfort our hearts and commemorate our deceased relatives and ancestors.

This is the root of Chaoshan temple town and Chaozhou people’s belief in ghosts.

The custom of worshiping gods also emerged spontaneously.

? We are also very particular about the timing of worshiping gods: on the first and fifteenth day of the lunar month, we worship the landowner Si Ming Gong; on major festivals, we worship the local master Si Ming Gong; when the family has major events such as marriage, life and death, entering the house, going to school, traveling, etc., we worship the local master Si Ming Gong.

Children who have not yet left the garden worship the Goddess of Heaven on major festivals. In Chaoyang and other places, they also worship God on the 15th day of the Lunar New Year. In some villages, they also worship the General Lord (located at the entrance of Zhaimen Village) on the 15th day of the Lunar New Year.

The birthdays of various gods, as well as sending off gods and welcoming gods, follow the rules of the village.

The God of Wealth generally prays early, and can start when the day is late.