Introduction: After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, Kang Youwei became famous for "writing letters on the bus". On June 9th, 1898, Kang Youwei was summoned by Emperor Guangxu and started the Reform Movement. Only 111 days later, the reform movement in 1898 failed. Kang Youwei fled to Japan and began his overseas trip.

Kang Youwei's Facebook: A Surviving Gourmet

Kang Youwei, formerly known as Kang Zuqi, was born in Danzaosu Village, Nanhai County, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province. Because of the place of birth, it is called Kang Nanhai. Kang Youwei studied Confucian classics since childhood and was influenced by Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties. He came into contact with western culture in 1879. He read Wei Yuan's Atlas of the Sea and Xu Jishe's A Brief Introduction to Ying Huan, and constructed his own world view. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, Kang Youwei made Chen Weixin famous by writing on a bus. On June 9th, 1898, Kang Youwei was summoned by Emperor Guangxu and started the Reform Movement. The reform movement in 1898 only lasted for 111 days and failed. Kang Youwei fled to Japan and began his overseas trip. During the six years from 1898 to 1913, Kang Youwei went to the Pacific Ocean four times, the Atlantic Ocean nine times, the Indian Ocean eight times and rowed in the Arctic Ocean for seven days. During these six years, Kang Youwei, as the "immortal Shennong who tasted bitter vegetables", went to the Pacific Ocean four times, the Atlantic Ocean nine times, the Indian Ocean eight times and the Arctic Ocean seven times for boating. He has been to England, France, Italy, Japan, America and Canada.

Later, when Kang Youwei recalled this escape experience, he summarized it as "the eleventh escape":

When I first started a newspaper in Shanghai, Shanghai would be covered up and would die.

Without the imperial edict and secret edict, the emperor will die if he leaves Beijing late.

Rong Lu will die in Beijing.

Without Huang's notice, you will die if you leave Tianjin.

In Zhong Tao's words, if you leave Yantai, you will die.

if you don't have China merchants on board, you will die if you try to save people.

it's a day without wheels in Chongqing, or it will kill you later.

The Eagle Clipper will die for lack of coal.

Unless you go to Jiaozhou, Laiqing Road will die out in Yantai.

If the British don't search Shanghai Road, the British consul will die if he doesn't know. English people will die if they don't save money. These 11 people died and couldn't save one or two, but it didn't help. The curve is wonderful? Qu was born, but I was left to wait. China will not perish and the road will not dry up.

For Kang Youwei, he felt scared after thinking about it, but his real travel career is worth remembering. Kang Youwei's trip around the world is certainly not sightseeing. He compared himself to the immortal Shennong in the preface of Travels of Eleven European Countries, traveled around the world and tasted all kinds of herbs in the world, looking for a "magic doctor" who could cure China.

In Kang Youwei's decades of overseas roaming, food culture is also one of his important contents. Living in India made him deeply feel the decline of Indian civilization behind "India has nothing to eat" and his yearning for Europe and America. Germany, the best in Europe and America, is the successful model he admired. Munich beer tastes excellent and has become a symbol of German civilization. However, although the food in other countries is good, it only comes from China. The view that western food originated from China reflects his yearning for western material civilization and his attachment to China's traditional moral culture.

He frequents luxury hotels, travels by carriage and car, and often employs translators, servants and chefs. However, Kang Youwei's trip to India was full of complaints. Not only is the accommodation expensive, but the hotel facilities are also outdated. Kang Youwei tried to find local restaurants and restaurants, and his appetite was wide open. However, despite the noisy streets and crowded department stores in the Indian city-state, "there are no restaurants, only chickens, eggs and mutton, and kings and gentlemen can't cover them." However, the humble people who live first in the city eat a lot of food, so they have no food. "。 Rich people in Indian upper class live in seclusion, seldom go out to eat, and ordinary untouchables can't enjoy life. So it's hard to find traces of food in india tourism: "Indians don't like it, but there are many sweets. "When the country is in danger, it is a blessing to eat enough. How do we talk about food?

in June, 1914, Kang Youwei and his party arrived in Germany. He visited Munich, Berlin, Potsdam, Hamburg, Cottbus, Cologne, Aachen and other big cities, and visited the beautiful Rhine. Visit the Krupp Arsenal in Europe and America with the highest technical level; Visit the Bundestag, which is politically clear and orderly; As you can see, men are heroic and heroic, and women are elegant and polite; Everywhere you go, cultural relics are full of shadows, palaces are magnificent and prosperous. These are full of hegemony. Kang Youwei can't help but admire sincerely: "In today's booming European countries, it is best to have military equipment, literature, politics, science and technology, agriculture and commerce as the crown. German beer has long been famous all over the world, especially Munich beer. Kang Youwei claimed not to drink alcohol all his life, but after drinking Munich beer, he drank it every day. After half a month, it's hard to let go. Later, when he traveled in Holland, England and other places, he couldn't see the only large German beer in the hotel and felt very lost. He is still thinking about drinking beer hidden by cats. " If you don't drink it, you will lose your throat. "Kang Youwei boasted that he had tasted beer all over the world. Although he exaggerates, he has tasted English whisky and French wine more than once.

except for the beer hidden by the cat, it never forgets. It can be said that the taste in the west is good, and there are many fish and sheep. Although this is not a sweet treat, it will come to the door and accept it gladly. The so-called "food has no definite taste, but its palatability is precious." For example, when he tasted seafood in Stockholm, Sweden, he praised its low price and delicious taste: "There are many foreign bodies in fish and shrimp, some of which are salty and sour, but the price is cheap and the taste is novel and unique, which has never been seen in Europe." European gourmet aquariums are mostly fresh eaters, similar to Japan. Doctors can't help it in hygiene, and want to use its cold blood to alleviate it? "Fresh seafood should be top grade. Kang Youwei compared this habit with Japan and thought it was cool and easy to digest. On the other hand, Belgians "like to eat horse meat, cat meat and dog meat", which are sold in specialty stores all over Beijing, which is really shocking. Raw beef in Hungarian sauce tastes better. Kang Youwei complained that French food is world-famous, but it is very expensive. In an ordinary restaurant, a meal for three, steamed Pisces, white bamboo shoots, chicken soup, chicken and tea, and a bottle of red bodhi wine will cost nearly 111 francs. What impressed him was the Turkish diet. " Tu's dishes can be seasoned and chopped, far better than those of Europeans, French, Spanish and Portuguese, no matter what other countries do. "Its meat is cut into pieces. Try it first, which is very China-style." . Curry must be added to every meal. Cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks and pasta are delicious. This is Kang Youwei's highest evaluation of foreign cuisine, probably because the eating habits of Turks are roughly the same as those of China. A comment in the documentary "China on the Tip of the Tongue" may express Kang Youwei's overseas feelings: "There is always a taste. In its unique way, it reminds us with the tip of the tongue three times a day that we know where to go tomorrow, and don't forget where we came from yesterday." At this time, appetite and hometown are unified.

Kang Youwei's Facebook II: An exiled industrialist

After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, Kang Youwei went into exile, stayed in the most luxurious hotel, ate delicious food, hired local people as tour guides and translators, and took his family with him. Who will provide him with travel and living expenses?

In Canada, Kang Youwei is warmly sought after wherever he goes. At this time, he felt that an organization should be set up to unite overseas Chinese.

On July 21th, 1899, Kang Youwei and overseas Chinese leaders Li Fuzhi and Feng founded the Royal Society in Canada. Kang Youwei's daughter Kang Tongbi later recalled that it took a lot of effort to correct the name of the royalist society. At first, they wanted to name this organization "Insurance Chamber of Commerce" because "overseas Chinese are businessmen and insurance business is an insurance bridge". But some people say, "Only by protecting the emperor can we protect the country." Therefore, it was named "royalist society". The full name of the royalist party is "the company that saved the Qing Emperor". Since it is called "company", it shows that it is not only a political organization, but also an economic organization. It is clearly stipulated that all participants must pay 2 yuan's propaganda, exchange and newspaper fees, raise funds for mining and set up industrial and commercial enterprises.

In p>1913, Kang Youwei initiated the establishment of a joint-stock company called China Commercial Company, with its headquarters in Hong Kong and branches in Guangzhou, Shanghai, Yokohama and San Francisco, and successively started more than ten enterprises. However, Kang Youwei himself did not devote himself to the specific business operation, but began his three-week trip around the world.

In the Spring Festival of p>1916, Kang Youwei visited Mexico and received a grand reception. At that time, Mexico City was raising money to build a tram. Although living in a foreign land, Kang Youwei saw the hidden wealth here. He used donations from overseas Chinese to buy real estate in places where trams passed. Soon, these land prices rose several times, and finally the investment earned hundreds of thousands of silver dollars. Later, Kang Youwei traveled to Canada, Japan and other places. With the help of overseas Chinese, he used donations to raise funds, do business overseas and do real estate business, and accumulated a certain wealth.

Kang Youwei's 11,111-acre thatched cottage

Kang Youwei's Facebook III: curator of a private museum

Kang Youwei travels around the world and must visit local museums everywhere. The spectacular sight of foreign cultural relics made him feel ashamed: "China is so big that it has been named after civilization for thousands of years, but there is no museum to show people's wisdom." Every time Europeans and Americans ask about our country's museums, everything is washed, and it is no worse than this. "

Kang Youwei deeply felt the unique role of modern public museums in enlightening people's wisdom. During the "Reform Movement of 1898", he took the museum as one of the new policies and got the approval of Emperor Guangxu. During his exile, he bought many precious cultural relics with expert eyes, and then planned to open a museum after returning to China. Therefore, he can be said to be the pioneer of China Modern Museum. In order to wash away this "great shame", Kang Youwei organized museums to publicly display these cultural relics for many times. In his former residence in Qingdao, there are crocodile specimens from Nanyang, a model of Jerusalem Dome Mosque, a pencil case in Bethlehem and a white marble statue of a European hunting boy.

Sui Yongqi, deputy director of Qingdao Museum, said: "During his stay in Qingdao, Kang Youwei publicly displayed his collection of domestic and foreign cultural relics for many times, supplemented by written descriptions. For a time, Tian Garden was like a private museum, and people came to visit it for no reason. It is Kang Youwei's long-cherished dream to build a China Museum in China. He believes that once the rich remains of thousands of years of civilization in China are effectively combined with the perfect cultural relics protection system, the most brilliant museum in the world can be built. "

Kang Youwei's Facebook No.4: A Leaky Traveler

In p>1914, Kang Youwei also bought an island in Sweden and built a China garden building "Beihai Caotang" on the island. According to Zhao Liren, a researcher at the Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences, Kang Youwei bought it for 28,111 kronor and restored it for 7,999 kronor. "Although the house is not big, it can accommodate about ten people. The furniture and decoration are very luxurious and look very rich. " So far, the remains of the thatched cottage have disappeared and the island has been recovered by the Swedes. However, local overseas Chinese still habitually call this small island "Kang Youwei Island".

In mid-April, 1899, Kang Youwei and his party arrived in Victoria, Canada. This ancient country is far away from us. After moving for a period of time, only one native China came to the dock to meet and wait, which made Kang Youwei very disappointed. Unexpectedly, this greeting to overseas Chinese made a phone call and attracted hundreds of Chinese at once. It turned out that the local Chinese community knew that Kang Youwei was coming to Canada, but because of the communication inconvenience, they didn't know when the ship would arrive in Hong Kong. In order not to miss welcoming Shengkang, they specially sent a man to die in the port. Overseas Chinese all over the world welcome Kang Youwei to China Hall. At this time, thousands of people gathered in the hall. After being displaced, Kang Youwei was so treated by his compatriots thousands of miles away in Canada, and his excitement was beyond words. In the Royal Commission Ordinance, he described:

When the word "salty" spreads overseas, we should not despise Qi people in other countries. They look at western countries, and they are very sad. Therefore, when I heard the news of reform, I was overjoyed. When I heard about the coup, I was worried and worried. I was worried that there was no country to go home, and I was homeless and sad.

On June 22nd, 1918, at midnight, accompanied by his daughter Kang Tongbi, Kang Youwei boarded Naji Island in the Arctic Ocean. At midnight, the sun had set, but suddenly it rose again. Seeing such wonders, Kang wrote a poem: "Climb to the top of some islands in the Norwegian Arctic Ocean with you and watch the sun rise and set in the middle of the night", and wrote down the wonders he saw in the preface.

"On May 24th, at 11 o'clock in the middle of the night, we climbed the mountain by boat, arrived at the top of the mountain at 12 o'clock, and waited for noon. There is a pavilion on the top, drinking wine on three sides. Depending on the weather, it is slightly lower than dusk and then rises. This is not the night, the scene is amazing. "

Through this preface, Professor Gao, a polar expert who has visited the Arctic, thinks that Kang Youwei was the first China man to explore the Arctic. "Kang Youwei went to the North Pole to see the midnight sun like noon, which is a unique polar extreme phenomenon. The island that Kang Youwei has been to is located in Svalbard in the Arctic. Svalbard is located between 74 and 81 degrees north latitude in the Arctic Circle. In his poem, Kang Youwei wrote a feeling of "looking at the sky and seeing the robbery, looking at the magnificent mountains and seas" and sighed in the poem: "Where are you going?" "If you don't see it with your own eyes, it's hard to describe it. For a closed country, it is difficult to describe vividly "midnight aurora, and the day is like noon." "

In June of p>1914, Kang Youwei came to London. This is not his first time in London. In May 1899, he lobbied in London, hoping to get British support to overthrow Empress Dowager Cixi. On June 23rd, Kang Youwei visited the British Pavilion. This house is located on the Thames and has a history of 611 years. It is rectangular inside, with four long tables on the left and right, and the speaker is sitting in the middle wearing a wig. Kang Youwei arrived in time, and Congressman Elam made a generous statement and asked government officials questions about postal services. As prime minister, Bako did not show weakness. In the face of criticism, he often stands up and defends. This sight opened Kang Youwei's eyes. The next day, Kang Youwei visited the British Secretary of Commerce. During the conversation, Kang Youwei said that he would learn from the political systems of western countries such as Britain and France and carry out political reforms in China. After listening to Kang's words, the Minister of Commerce made a comment that can still be called insightful today. He said: "Every country has its own education, customs and historical traditions, and cannot copy the politics of other countries. Our British political system is formed through thousands of years of natural accumulation and can never be imitated. Different diseases, one prescription can't cure all diseases. " Kang Youwei benefited a lot from this. He said emotionally in his travels, "Those who want to flatter Europe and the United States in today's political reform can't help but think of this."

in p>1914, he came to Naples, Italy. Bypassing the hotels and stations in Naples, Kang Youwei saw dirty and muddy roads and low slums. Turf and horse manure piled up like mountains, and naked women begged along the street. Dozens of begging children followed the car to beg. They chased for more than a mile until the driver waved a whip at them. He once said with emotion:

People who have never been to Europe think that if their land is a beautiful building, if they are immortal and talented; I'm sure it is dirty. If it is dirty