Shandong Yuanhua E-Commerce Co., Ltd. Answer: What the ancients called "five grains" is a general term, not limited to five kinds. Whole grains are a "big family", such as indica rice, glutinous rice, millet, corn, buckwheat, black beans, broad beans, red beans, mung beans and sweet potatoes, etc. All kinds of coarse and fine grains and beans belong to whole grains. Grains are the traditional staple food of our people, especially rice and millet.

rice is the staple food in people's daily life, and it is essential for family meals or going to restaurants. The main nutritional components of rice are protein, sugar, calcium, phosphorus, iron, glucose, fructose, maltose, vitamin B2, etc. It provides 27% energy and 2% protein in people's diet, and is also a good source of vitamins B1, riboflavin and nicotinic acid needed by human body.

Chinese medicine believes that rice is sweet and flat in taste, and has the effects of invigorating the middle energizer, invigorating the spleen and stomach, nourishing essence and strengthening the mind, harmonizing the five internal organs, dredging blood vessels, improving hearing and eyesight, quenching thirst and stopping diarrhea. There are also theories in Chinese medicine that northern japonica is cool, southern japonica is warm, red japonica is hot, white japonica is cool, new japonica is hot and old japonica is cool. Among them, black japonica rice is glittering and translucent, soft and nutritious, and contains 16 kinds of amino acids, trace elements such as iron, molybdenum and zinc, and nutrients such as vitamin B1 and vitamin B12. The content of protein is higher than that of ordinary rice.

how to eat: adding water to rice or cooking it into rice is the simplest method, and its porridge is the most nourishing and suitable for all ages. Some also smashed rice to make rice cakes, rice noodles and rolled powder. Guangdong's rice noodles are made by grinding rice into pulp, steaming it flat in a steamer, then rolling it with vegetable oil, cutting it into pieces with a knife, and dipping it in some soy sauce and sesame oil.

Among them, black rice is most suitable for nourishing in autumn and winter. Compendium of Materia Medica records that black rice has the effects of nourishing yin and tonifying kidney, strengthening spleen and warming liver, improving eyesight and promoting blood circulation. In autumn and winter, it is a nourishing good product whether cooking porridge or soup.

glutinous rice, also known as glutinous rice, is rich in nutrition, containing protein, fat, sugar, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin B and starch, and is a mild tonic.

Chinese medicine believes that it is sweet in taste and warm in nature, and enters the spleen, stomach and lung meridians. Its main function is to tonify the middle energizer, replenish qi and warm the spleen and stomach, which can nourish the healthy qi of human body. It is most suitable for eating in autumn and winter. "Herbal Classic Shu" says that glutinous rice "supplements the spleen and stomach and benefits the lung and qi. If the spleen and stomach are supplemented, the middle warmer and the stool is solid. Warming can nourish qi, and gas filling is self-heating. "

Because it is sticky and slippery, it is often used to wrap dumplings or cook porridge and other flavor snacks, which is very popular. Li Shizhen said: "Glutinous rice, which is sticky, can be used for brewing, cooking, steaming cakes, cooking soup and frying food."

glutinous rice and jujube porridge, for example, can nourish the stomach and tonify deficiency, and is suitable for those who are fond of warming and pressing due to spleen and stomach qi deficiency.

However, it should be noted that glutinous rice is difficult to digest because it is sticky and has astringent effect to some extent. Eating more can help damp produce phlegm and damage the spleen and stomach, so it is not suitable to eat more glutinous rice.

Since the Qing Dynasty, corn has been known as "pearl rice" and is also recognized as a "golden crop" in the world. Famous German nutritionists pointed out that among the more than 5 kinds of nutrition and health-care substances that have been proved to be the most effective today, corn contains 7 kinds of calcium, glutathione, vitamins, magnesium, selenium, vitamin E and fatty acids. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that corn is sweet and flat, and has the functions of invigorating spleen and promoting diuresis, stimulating appetite and improving intelligence, calming the heart and promoting blood circulation, and is mainly used for treating diarrhea, dyspepsia, edema and other symptoms.

Cooked fresh corn cob is delicious and chewy. Waxy corn and sweet corn are the best choices.

Roasted corn is a kind of cooked corn cob that is put on a wooden stick and baked on the fire to get a burnt color, and some of them are sprinkled with seasoning powder, which tastes good. Corn flour, jiaozi, steamed stuffed bun and pie are also very suitable for eating.

Europeans have summed up a scientific way to eat:

First, tortillas. Mixing garlic powder, black pepper and celery into corn flour and blending with tomato soup can reduce cholesterol.

Secondly, corn porridge is widely eaten in China.

thirdly, corn kernels are used to make corn soup and salad, which are delicious and nutritious. It should be noted that it is necessary to eat all the embryo tips when eating corn, because many nutrients of corn are concentrated here.

Cooked corn with beans is an Indian way of eating. Fresh corn kernels and soybeans are mixed at a ratio of 3: 1, and a few spoonfuls of butter are added, followed by water, salt and pepper, and then cooked slowly with low fire until the water is dry.

Xiaomi, also known as millet, is known as "Daishen Soup" because of its rich nutrition. It is rich in nutrients such as protein, fat, calcium, iron and vitamin B1, and its protein and fat are higher than those of rice and flour. The content of vitamin B1 ranks first among all grains, and it has the function of preventing indigestion and aphtha.

Chinese medicine believes that millet is sweet and salty, slightly cold, and has the functions of harmonizing the middle energizer, invigorating the spleen, removing heat, tonifying kidney-qi, tonifying deficiency, promoting diuresis and reducing swelling. However, the crispy rice made of millet (preferably thick and not burnt) is sweet and flat in taste, and has the functions of invigorating qi and spleen, resolving food stagnation and stopping diarrhea. The millet bran oil made from millet bran has the effects of expelling wind, killing insects, relieving itching and astringing.

There are three ways to eat millet:

One is to cook porridge.

the second is cooking.

thirdly, it is ground into millet flour and steamed.

These three ways of eating have their own tastes, but porridge is the best. Millet porridge is not only delicious, but also nutritious and comprehensive. It has the reputation of "Daishen Soup", especially suitable for people with poor appetite, bad stomach and anemia.

diarrhea patients can use 5-1g millet, 15-2g yam and 5-1 jujubes. * * * Cook porridge for eating. You can also cook porridge with beans for daily consumption. Cook millet, purple rice, corn, red beans, mung beans, peanut beans and red dates together until they are sticky.

According to ancient books, since 5, years ago, China people have cultivated sorghum varieties in the Yellow River valley and planted them in a large area, which is a very old food.

sorghum rice has been known as "the essence of five grains" and "the length of a hundred grains" since ancient times, and it is also called "hardcore crops". It contains more fat and iron than rice; Contains tannins, which have the function of convergence and solid removal.

Chinese medicine believes that sorghum is sweet and warm, and has the effects of regulating stomach, strengthening spleen, resolving food stagnation, warming middle warmer and astringent stomach.

For indigestion in children, there is an effective prescription, which is to put some food oil in the pot, then fry the sorghum noodles until cooked, and add some white sugar and sesame seeds appropriately, and mix them with water to make a paste.

Soybean is a special product in China, and it is known as "plant meat" and "green dairy cow". Why did soybeans get such a title?

This is because soybeans contain a lot of protein, and the protein content in 5g soybeans is equivalent to the protein content in more than 1g lean pork, 15g eggs or 6m rice.

Soybeans can also provide vitamins and saponins to delay the aging of the body. Recently, experts have found that soybean contains "phytosterol", which is similar to cholesterol and can be used to make hormones and cell membrane components. However, "phytosterol" is not deposited on the blood vessel wall, but is absorbed in the intestine before cholesterol, so it hinders the absorption of cholesterol. Because of its high content of iron, calcium and phosphorus, soybean is very suitable for children who are growing and developing, the elderly who are prone to osteoporosis and patients with iron deficiency anemia, and menopausal women. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that soybean is sweet and flat, enters the spleen and large intestine meridian, and has the effects of benefiting qi and nourishing blood, strengthening spleen and widening middle energizer, lowering qi and benefiting large intestine, moistening dryness and eliminating water.

It should be noted that soybean will produce too much gas during digestion and absorption, which will cause bloating, so people with digestive dysfunction and chronic digestive diseases should try to eat less. People with severe liver disease, nephropathy, gout, peptic ulcer and low iodine should fast; Soybean and its products should not be eaten during acne.

The widely circulated dietotherapy convenience is stewed pig's feet soup with soybean, which can meet the nutritional needs of pregnant women and help to promote lactation. Anemia patients can also eat it with pig liver.

black bean, also known as black bean, is a kind of soybean, and its taste is sweet and flat, and it enters the heart, liver and kidney meridians. "Compendium of Materia Medica" says: "Black beans have many kidney functions, so they can control water, reduce flatulence, lower qi, control wind-heat and promote blood circulation and detoxify." Modern medical research has also found that black beans contain saponin, genistein and other substances, which have the effects of relieving exterior syndrome, clearing heat and nourishing antiperspirant.

recommended diet: black bean carp soup

main ingredients: 1 carp and 3-5g black beans.

production method: firstly, scale and viscera of carp are removed, black beans are put into the belly of the fish for stitching, and boiled in water until the rotten fish beans are cooked into thick juice.

utility description: diuresis and detumescence. It is suitable for lung, spleen and kidney three jiao qi disorder, which leads to yang deficiency and water retention, which leads to swelling of head, face, limbs and abdomen, unfavorable urination, aversion to cold and warmth.

Sweet potato is a kind of common and economical nutritional health food, especially rich in carotene, which is the best among grains and vegetables. Sweet potato contains mucin, a mixture of polysaccharide and protein, which is composed of collagen and mucopolysaccharides. This mucin helps to keep the elasticity of cardiovascular wall and prevent atherosclerosis, and also has a good lubricating effect on respiratory and digestive systems, joint cavities and serous cavities.

another feature of sweet potato is that it belongs to "physiological alkaline" food, which is rich in potassium, sodium and other elements, while rice, flour, meat and eggs are all "physiological acidic" foods. Therefore, sweet potato is eaten together with these foods, which helps to maintain the acid-base balance of the human body. Sweet potato is rich in plant cellulose, which can increase the volume of feces, and has good water absorption, which can prevent constipation and intestinal diseases.

Chinese medicine believes that sweet potato is flat and sweet, and its function can "tonify the middle warmer, warm the stomach and fatten the five internal organs". Those with white skin and white meat benefit lung qi and produce fluid "(Addendum to Compendium of Materia Medica). In some longevity areas and villages in Japan and China, it is found that local people take sweet potato as their staple food and eat it all the year round. Therefore, sweet potato is also known as "health and longevity" food.

Because the starch granules of sweet potato are large, it stimulates the secretion of gastric acid after entering the gastrointestinal tract of human body, producing a large amount of carbon dioxide gas, causing abdominal distension, burping and spitting sour water. Therefore, it is necessary to steam and cook sweet potato thoroughly, or soak the cut sweet potato in light salt water for ten minutes before cooking, or cook it with rice, noodles and legumes.

people with stomachache, nausea and loose stool should not eat it.

For patients with intestinal dryness and constipation, you can cook several sweet potatoes, peel them and dip them in honey to eat.

peanuts, commonly known as groundnuts. There is a legend in ancient China that peanuts have the function of nourishing and prolonging life, and are praised as "longevity fruit". As the folk proverb says, eating peanuts often can keep you healthy, but eating peanuts doesn't want to be meat.

Peanut, like soybean, is a high-protein oil crop. Its protein content can be as high as 3%, its nutritional value can be comparable to that of animal food such as eggs, milk and lean meat, and it is easy to be absorbed and utilized by human body. Peanut kernel contains 8 kinds of amino acids necessary for human body, and the proportion is appropriate. It is also rich in fat, lecithin, vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin E, vitamin K, and elements such as calcium, phosphorus and iron. Regular consumption of peanuts can really nourish and prolong life.

Peanut has high medicinal value. In the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Xuemin wrote in The Compendium of Materia Medica that peanut kernel "tastes sweet and fragrant, can strengthen the spleen and stomach, and is suitable for those who have a hard diet". Eating it can stimulate appetite, strengthen the spleen, moisten the lungs, eliminate phlegm, clear the throat, invigorate qi and other effects, and is suitable for malnutrition, spleen and stomach imbalance, cough and asthma, and lack of milk.

according to modern medical research and clinical application, peanut oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which can decompose cholesterol in human liver into bile acids and enhance its excretion function, thus reducing cholesterol and having obvious effect on preventing atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in middle-aged and elderly people.

There is also a folk saying that "raw peanuts strengthen the stomach, boiled peanuts moisten the lungs and fried peanuts protect the liver". Peanut boiled has the highest nutrition. "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica" says that peanuts are "cooked with salt water to treat tuberculosis, fried with dry fire to promote blood circulation, and treated with abdominal cold accumulation and abdominal pain". However, frying peanuts or eating them after frying will destroy the glycerides and sterols contained in the red skin of peanuts. Peanut soaked in vinegar is called "fairy match", because although peanut contains unsaturated fatty acids needed by human body, it has high lipid content, high calorie and greasy feeling, and after being neutralized by various organic acids in vinegar, it is both greasy and fragrant.

In addition, peanut red coat can inhibit the dissolution of fibrin, promote platelet regeneration and strengthen the contraction function of capillaries. Therefore, it can be used as a diet therapy for thrombocytopenia, pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, urinary tract bleeding, gingival bleeding and other hemorrhagic diseases.

Although peanuts are rich in nutrition, if they are not properly kept, they are easy to get damp and mildew, resulting in extremely carcinogenic aflatoxin. Therefore, the mildewed peanuts should not be eaten any more.

sesame, commonly known as "fat hemp", "flax" and "oil hemp". Originated in Africa, Zhang Qian sent an envoy to the Western Regions in the Han Dynasty and brought sesame to China, so it was called flax. Because it contains more fat, it is also called fat hemp.

Sesame is widely used as food and medicine. There are many records about it in ancient books. Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica says that sesame is mainly used for "deficiency in injury, nourishing the five internal organs, benefiting strength, growing muscles and filling the marrow and brain". Ming Yi Lu said that it has the functions of strengthening bones and muscles, keeping eyes and ears clear, resisting hunger and thirst, and prolonging life. Ge Hong of the Jin Dynasty said that sesame seeds "can make the body shiny, and the white hair is still black". These functions of sesame have been confirmed by modern medical theory and practice.

According to the determination, sesame contains many kinds of nutrients. Every 1 grams of sesame contains 21.9 grams of protein, 61.7 grams of fat, 564 milligrams of calcium and 368 milligrams of phosphorus. In particular, the content of iron is extremely high, up to 5 mg per 1 grams. Therefore, the ancients said that sesame can "fill essence", "benefit marrow" and "enrich blood", and its basis lies in this. In addition, sesame also contains fat-soluble vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E and so on. Most of the fat contained in sesame is unsaturated fatty acid, which is especially important for the elderly.

Sesame is rich in lecithin and linoleic acid, which can not only treat atherosclerosis, nourish brain and enhance memory, but also prevent premature whitening and shedding of hair, beautify and moisturize skin, and maintain and restore youthful vitality. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that sesame is a nourishing medicine, which has the effects of enriching blood, promoting fluid production, moistening intestines, promoting lactation and caring hair. It is suitable for weak body, premature gray hair, anemia, body fluid deficiency, constipation, dizziness and tinnitus. Studies have found that sesame also contains antioxidant element selenium, which can enhance the function of cells to resist harmful substances, thus playing a role in prolonging life.

There are two kinds of sesame seeds: black and white. "The white one wins when extracting oil, and the black one is good when eating". Black sesame seeds moisten, and white sesame seeds regulate the lungs. Eating black sesame seeds can smooth the intestines to treat constipation and moisturize the skin.

The common eating methods of sesame are casual eating, adding pasta, cold salad seasoning, baked food, fried food seasoning, dumpling stuffing seasoning, and dipping candied haws. It is best to eat sesame seeds after crushing, which not only has a charming aroma, but also helps the human body to absorb them, because sesame skin is not easy to digest.