"Qian Chibi Ode" This poem introduces the description of the dialogue between the host and the guest through boating on a moonlit night, drinking wine and composing poems. It not only expresses the emotion of mourning the past and hurting the present from the guest's mouth, but also hears it from what Su Zi said. With the unwavering sentiments, the entire poem is profound and insightful, and is truly a masterpiece among poems. The following is an introduction to the creative background, welcome to read:

Former Red Cliff Ode

Song Dynasty: Su Shi

In the autumn of Renxu, in July, Su Zi went boating with his guests Swim under Red Cliff. The breeze comes slowly and the water waves are calm. Lifting wine to guests, reciting poems about the bright moon, and singing graceful chapters. After a while, the moon rose above the east mountain, wandering among the bullfights. White dew flows across the river, and the water reaches the sky. Even though a reed is like this, thousands of hectares are at a loss. The vastness is like Feng Xu riding the wind without knowing where it stops; the flutteringness is like leaving the world to be independent, becoming immortal and ascending to immortality. (Feng Tong: Ping)

So he drank and enjoyed himself very much, and he buckled down and sang. The song goes: "The orchid oars are hanging on the osmanthus, and the light is shining in the sky. I feel the mist in my heart, and I look forward to the beauty in the sky." There is a guest who plays the cave flute, and he sings along with it. Its voice is whining, like resentment, admiration, weeping and complaining; the lingering sound is lingering, like a wisp. The lurking dragon dances in the secluded ravine, and the concubine weeps in the lonely boat.

Su Zi was stunned, sitting upright, and asked the guest: "Why is it so?" The guest said: "'The moon and stars are few and far between, and the black magpies are flying south.' Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Looking at Xiakou, looking east at Wuchang, the mountains and rivers are close to each other, and the sky is green. Is this not what Meng De trapped in Zhou Lang? Fang Qi broke through Jingzhou, went down to Jiangling, and followed the river to the east. The boats were thousands of miles away, and the flags covered the sky. Drinking wine by the river, writing poems across the river, you have been a hero for a lifetime, and how are you now? Kuangwu and his son fished and cut wood on the river, accompanied fish and shrimps, and made friends with elk. I send the mayflies to the sky, a drop in the vast ocean. I feel sorry for my life, and I am envious of the infinite Yangtze River. /p>

Su Zi said: "A guest also knows that the water is like the moon. The person who has passed away is like this, but he has not yet passed away; the person who is full and empty is like that, but the death is not waxing and waning. Look at the change of Gaijiang. , then the heaven and earth could not last for a moment; looking at it from the perspective of being unchanging, then things and I are endless, and how to envy it! Between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner, even if it is not my property, even a tiny bit of it is Don’t take it. Only the cool breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains can be heard by the ears and formed by the sight of the eyes. They can be taken without restraint and used inexhaustibly. This is the infinite treasure of the Creator, and I and my son have it. "The most suitable thing." (The most suitable work: ***food)

The guests are happy and smile, wash the cup and drink more. The core of the food is gone, and the cups and plates are in a mess. The couple and their pillows were spread out in the boat, unaware of the whiteness of the east.

Translation:

In the autumn of the Renxu year, on the 16th day of the seventh month, Su Shi and his friends went boating under Red Cliff. The breeze blows in waves, and the water surface becomes calm. He raised his glass to toast his companions, recited an article related to the bright moon, and praised the graceful chapter. Not long after, the bright moon rose from behind Dongshan, hovering between the constellations Dipper and Ox. The white mist stretches across the river, and the clear water reaches the sky. Let the boat float on the boundless river and cross the vast expanse of river. (My feelings) are majestic, just like riding the wind out of thin air, but not knowing where it will stop. Floating as if abandoning the world, detached and independent, becoming a god and entering a fairyland.

At this time, the people became happy after drinking, tapping the side of the boat with their hands, and singing loudly in response. The song sings: "The osmanthus wood boat beats the pandan oar, against the clear waves, and against the floodlight of the flowing water. My heart is far away, and I want to see my beloved at the end of the world." There are guests who play the dongxiao, accompanying the singing according to the rhythm. The sound of the dongxiao sounds like resentment, yearning, crying, and confiding. The ending is sad, melodious, and long, like a continuous filament. . It can make the dragons in the deep valley dance for it, and the widow on the lonely boat can cry after hearing it.

Su Shi's face was sad and sad. He straightened his clothes and sat upright, asking the guest: "Why is the tune so (sad)?" The companion replied: "'The moon and stars are few and far between, and the crows and magpies are scattered. "Flying South", isn't this a poem by Cao Gong Mengde? (Here) you can see Xiakou to the west and Wuchang to the east. Mountains and rivers are endless, and (as far as the eye can see) it is green. Isn't this what Cao Mengde was admired by Zhou Yu? The place he was besieging? When he captured Jingzhou and captured Jiangling, he sailed eastward along the Yangtze River. His warships stretched for thousands of miles, and his flags covered the sky. He drank wine by the river and chanted poems with his spear across the river. Fu, indeed, was a powerful figure in the world, but where are he today? Not to mention that you and I fished and chopped firewood on Shuizhu by the river, kept company with fish and shrimps, and made friends with elk. (We) drove this Ye Xiaozhou raised a cup and toasted to each other. (We) were like mayflies in the vast world, as small as a grain of corn in the vast sea. (Alas,) we lamented that our life was only a short moment, and (we couldn't help but envy the Yangtze River). There is no end. (I want to) travel around the world hand in hand with the immortals, embrace the bright moon and live forever. (I) know that these cannot be obtained every time, so I can only turn my regrets into the sound of the flute and entrust it in the sad autumn wind."

Su Shi said: "Do you also know the water and the moon? The constant flow is like the river, but it has not really passed away; the time is full and the moon is missing, but it has not increased in the end. or decrease.

It can be seen that from the changeable side of things, there is no moment without change in heaven and earth; and from the unchanging side of things, all living things are as endless as their own lives, so what is there to envy? Not to mention the world of heaven and earth. In this world, everything has its own place. If it is not what you should have, you cannot get even a penny from it. As long as the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains reach your ears, you will hear sounds, and your eyes will draw shapes. No one will stop you from getting these, and you will never run out of time to enjoy them. This is the endless treasure of the Creator (gift), and you and I can enjoy it together. "

So the companions smiled happily, cleaned the cups and poured wine again. The dishes and fruits were all eaten, leaving only the cups and plates on the table in a mess. (Su Zi and companions) were in the boat They fell asleep with each other's pillows on each other's pillows, and before they knew it, the sky had turned white (referring to the dawn)

Creative background:

"Red Cliff Ode" was written during the most difficult period of Su Shi's life. One of the periods - during the period when he was demoted to Huangzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng of Song Dynasty (1079), he was impeached by the censor for writing a poem that "slandered the imperial court". This is known as the "Wutai Poetry Case" in history. ". Su Shi was accused of defaming the imperial court for writing "Huzhou Thank You" and was arrested and imprisoned. "After several restorations", he was tortured. After being rescued by many parties, he was released in December of that year and was demoted to the deputy director of Huangzhou Tuanlian. envoys, but “they are not allowed to sign official documents, and are not allowed to go to the resettlement house without authorization. "This is undoubtedly a kind of "semi-prisoner" controlled life. In the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), Su Shi traveled to Red Cliff twice on July 16 and October 15, and wrote two articles based on Red Cliff. Later generations called the first poem "Pre-Chibi Fu" and the second "Post-Chibi Fu".

About the author:

Su Shi (1037-1101). ), a writer, calligrapher, painter, and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name was Zizhan. He was from Sichuan. He was buried in Yingchang (now Jiaxian County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province). He had a bumpy career, was knowledgeable, and was extremely talented. His poetry, calligraphy and painting are all excellent. His writing is unbridled, clear and fluent. Together with Ouyang Xiu, he is called Ou Su, one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". His poetry is fresh and vigorous, good at using exaggeration and metaphor, and his artistic expression is unique, similar to Huang Tingjian. Also known as Su Huang; he was a bold and unrestrained poet who had a huge influence on later generations. Together with Xin Qiji, he was also known as Su Xin; his calligraphy was good at running script and regular script, and he could create his own ideas. He and Cai Xiang are also known as the four artists of the Song Dynasty. They have the same painting studies and literature, advocate spiritual similarity in painting, and advocate "Scholar Painting". They are the authors of "The Complete Works of Su Dongpo" and "Dongpo Yuefu".