What food does Tomb-Sweeping Day eat in Chaoshan

As our traditional festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day certainly has its traditional characteristics, so what food does Tomb-Sweeping Day eat in Chaoshan? Let me explain what food Chaoshan Tomb-Sweeping Day eats for everyone!

1. The people in Chaoshan have the custom of "eating leaves on Qingming Festival and taking medicine on Dragon Boat Festival"

"Eating leaves on Qingming Festival" means eating the cake on Qingming Festival

The cake steamed with the unique leaves of Chaoshan is green and fragrant, which has the effect of clearing heat and removing fire

1. Moisture attacks people

Edible cake has the health-preserving effect of preventing and treating diseases

The cake has a soft taste. Suitable for all ages

2. Pancakes

The technique of burning the batter into a cooked dough as thin as paper with hot wok is unique to Chaoshan

Cake stuffing with sweet and salty taste

Diners can help themselves according to their favorite tastes

This custom is inherited from the ancient Cold Food Festival

Although it is gradually abandoned by high-speed and fast-paced life

Fortunately, it is Qingming. Customs

also make this Chaoshan specialty snack still be tasted

3. The times of Qingtuan

are progressing, and the skills of Chaoshan people are constantly changing and innovating

Eating Qingtuan in Qingming Festival is a custom that has gradually become popular recently

Squeezing wormwood into juice, kneading it with glutinous rice flour and steaming it evenly

Each Qingtuan is as green as jade and fragrant < Fat but not rancid

At present, this kind of food is still popular in snack shops in Chaoshan

At this time, wormwood is just growing, so you might as well try homemade at home ~

4. Snails in Qingming are often eaten in the field

But snails in Qingming are the best season to eat

At this time, snails have not yet propagated, and they are the most fat and plump

. The folk song

After washing snails, stir-fry them with ingredients such as onion, ginger, soy sauce and sugar, and eat them with meat

There is a poem praising: "Snails are not as interesting as delicious wine"

Tomb-Sweeping Day custom of Hailufeng

First, shanwei people has visited Tomb-Sweeping Day

shanwei people has visited Tomb-Sweeping Day, and there are customs and activities all over the country.

Qingming Festival is both a solar term and a festival, and it is also a day to worship ancestors and sweep graves. Grave-sweeping is a concrete manifestation of pursuing the distance with caution, caring for relatives and families, and filial piety. As the saying goes by Hai Lufeng, "Qingming has no turning and no ancestors"-it means that if Tomb-Sweeping Day doesn't come home, there will be no concept of ancestors and clans. In Hailufeng area, there are two ways to worship ancestors in Qingming Festival: one is tomb sacrifice, commonly known as "passing paper", "passing ancestors" and "passing money"; The second is "family sacrifice" and "shrine sacrifice".

The time and customs of the tomb sacrifice vary from place to place. For example, the regulations in many places in Lufeng are that graves can be swept from the first day of the third lunar month; In Luhe Hakka area, Haifeng Meilong and other places, it starts from the vernal equinox, peaks on Qingming Day and ends on the first day of the fourth lunar month. Haifeng Ketang and other places are scheduled for the tomb festival on the tenth day before and after Qingming; Generally, Jiesheng in urban areas is within five days before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day.

When people go to the cemetery, they should first pull out the weeds in front of and on the grave, fill the grave and clean it up. Then refresh the tombstone words, except the ancestors' names are painted with green oil, and all the other words are painted with red oil. When the sacrificial ceremony is over, it is necessary to press a paper cymbal on the top of the monument and the grave respectively. If it is a new grave built after Tomb-Sweeping Day last year, twelve banquet coins will be pressed down at the top of the stone tablet, and if it is a leap month, thirteen will be pressed down as expenses for the dead. Five to seven layers of paper cymbals should also be pressed on the grave. As wide as the pressure is this year, it will be next year, and it cannot be expanded or reduced. It is said that this is the scope of the deceased's "land rent". If it is a newly built grave last year, it will be called a "new society" to sweep the grave this year, and it will be pressed with red and white paper, and then white paper will be used every year.

The offerings for sweeping graves must have boiled clams. After eating clams, clams are pressed into paper bowls, which means they are reserved for ancestors as money. Hailufeng is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese. Many overseas Chinese also have the habit of going back to their hometowns to visit graves on Qingming Day to show that they do not forget their ancestors and their homeland.

After liberation, grave-sweeping activities added new content, and the government advocated activities to commemorate heroes and heroes. During the Qingming Festival, government agencies, organizations and schools organize teams to visit the martyrs' cemetery to remember the martyrs' achievements, place their grief and inspire their aspirations.

Second, eating pancakes on Qingming Festival

Eating pancakes on Qingming Festival is very popular in Hailufeng and Chaoshan, and almost every household is no exception. Pancakes are divided into two parts: skin and stuffing. The skin is made of flour mixed with water and stirred into a sticky paste, which is branded into round cooked dough sheets in hot soil, and it is as thin as paper. Stuffing is divided into salty and sweet. Salty stuffing is made by mixing bean sprouts and leeks with shredded eggs, shredded pork and shredded mushrooms; Sweet stuffing, with "sugar onions" as stuffing, has a unique flavor. Sugar onion, also known as onion sugar, is made of white sugar and maltose through special processing. It is white and crisp, and it is scattered in the mouth.

There is a saying that eating pancakes in Qingming in shanwei people is a change from the ancient custom of Cold Food Festival.

There is also a legend in shanwei people: In the 14th year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1675), Zheng Jing, son of Zheng Chenggong, led troops to besiege Zhangzhou City in southern Fujian, and Huang Fangdu, commander of the Qing army, sent troops to fight back. After several months of besieging the city, countless residents starved to death, and the survivors were buried with straw mats. In October of the same year, the Qing army surrendered, and the people of Zhangzhou made pancakes like straw mats to mourn the dead relatives and friends, so as to sacrifice the princess to the undead. This custom has been passed down from generation to generation in southern Fujian.

Third, make a rat shell turtle shell

Rat shell turtle shell is a kind of steamed turtle shell commonly used by "Hai Lufeng" people to sweep graves during Qingming Festival. It is made of a kind of tender-leaf cotton shreds called Daffodil and rice flour, fermented and mixed with sugar, ground fried peanuts, diced lard sugar, chopped green onion, sesame and pork belly, put into a peach-shaped pottery seal or steamed in a small bowl, and then eaten. The product is light green, very sweet, and has the functions of clearing the spleen and strengthening the stomach. It is said that every year of famine, our ancestors used cypress seeds and leaves to feed their hunger. In order not to forget the past, future generations will become this custom.

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the Qingming custom in Chaoshan

1: Grave sweeping

The process of grave sweeping is to remove weeds, small trees and new soil around the cemetery, clean the grave, and then fill in the engraved words on the tombstone with red and green paint (the names of the dead are filled in with green paint, and those who are still alive on the tombstone are filled in with red paint), and hang notes on the tombstone and the tomb pile.

Lay out the fruits, three sacrifices, cakes and other sacrifices brought by you in front of the tomb, fill the glass, light incense candles, offer incense to the land of the mountain god who is in charge of the cemetery, respectfully offer incense and flowers to the ancestors, then burn paper money, drink a libation (that is, sprinkle wine on the ground, which means toasting the ancestors), and make a sacrifice, usually on the third day. After the ceremony, you can leave after the candles are lit.

When you come back from sweeping the grave, you should clean your shoes, put the toes of your shoes inward, and wash your clothes to dry. People still have some taboos on this day, for example, pregnant women, women who have their period, and girls aged 16 or 19 should not participate in mountain worship activities; Eat vegetarian food before sweeping the grave, and when you leave to sweep the grave, you should dress neatly and don't wear red and purple clothes to show respect for your ancestors; In the cemetery, don't talk loudly, laugh and curse, run around and jump, and urinate everywhere. Don't trample on other graves or comment on the design of graves; Don't take pictures in the graves of ancestors, and so on.

2: spring outing

In the Qingming period, the spring breeze is gentle and warm, and people have had the custom of spring outing since ancient times. Chenghai County Records recorded that the outing on March 3rd was called an outing, which was originally an ancient custom. Later, people moved this activity to Qingming Day, when the sun was shining and the vegetation was abundant, and Chun Yan cut willows. After a cold winter, people shook off the chill and went out to ask for an outing to enjoy the spring.

Ruan Langgui written by Ouyang Xiu in Song Dynasty. "Go for an outing" wrote: "When the southern part of China goes for an outing in the spring, the wind and the smell of Ma Si, green plums are like peas and willows, and butterflies fly. Take some drinks with you when you sweep the grave. Once you finish sweeping the grave, find a clean and flat place, eat on the floor with sacrifices and drinks, so as not to have some fun.

3: hanging paper on the grave

"hanging paper", that is, sweeping the grave and offering sacrifices to ancestors. This is a very common folk activity in Chaoshan area. Tomb-Sweeping Day's offering sacrifices to ancestors originated from the ancient Cold Food Festival. According to the calendar, the cold food should be on the first two days and the third day of Tomb-Sweeping Day. In Ye Zhong Ji written by Lu Peng in the Jin Dynasty, there was a story that Zhong Er had been in exile for more than ten years before he returned to China to take power.

Jie Zhitui didn't want to be an official after returning to China, so he hid in the mountains. Zhong Er burned the mountain and forced him to come out. Zitui would rather die than come out. Zhong Er mourned, so he banned smoking and cold food on the day of Jie Zhitui's death (March 5th) to commemorate him. Later, people also commemorated their ancestors on this day. In fact, cold food is a legacy of ancient times, and it has nothing to do with Jiezhi. As early as "Zhou Li Si Mao Shi", there was a system of "repairing fire with Mu Duo in the middle of spring". "Lu Chunqiu Zhong Chunji" also said: "It is a day ... and there is no burning forest."

Chaoshan people call sweeping graves "hanging paper". When the grave sweeper arrives at the grave, he will weed out the weeds on the grave, fill up the place where there is little soil on the grave, then arrange the three kinds of fruit cakes, fill the small wine glasses, incense them, and then insert colorful paper strips all over the grave. This kind of unruly custom of hipsters is roughly the same as the ancient custom of the Central Plains. Bai Juyi's poem "Cold Food and Wild Hope" says: "The wind blows the paper money in the wilderness, and the ancient tombs are full of spring grass." Because the paper money didn't burn to ashes, there was a scene of "the wind blowing the paper money in the wilderness".

Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty said in The History of the Five Dynasties, Zhou Benji: "If you burn paper money while eating cold food and offering wild sacrifices, and use music when you are in mourning, then you will be punished with rites and music. Is the geometry not bad?" It can be seen that burning paper money to sweep the grave is not in line with the etiquette at that time. The wind of sweeping graves without burning paper money may stem from the ancient custom of banning smoking in cold food. ;