In the early 18th century, after the Qing government ruled Taiwan, people at that time significantly revised the definition of Taiwan's aboriginal people based on the degree of adaptation and influence of the powerful culture, and established a systematic definition based on the degree of obedience of each ethnic group to the Qing government.

The relatedness of various Aboriginal groups.

The literati of the Qing Dynasty used the term Shengfan to define the aboriginal groups who did not obey the Qing government, while Shufan defined these aboriginal groups to obey the Qing government and fulfill their agreement to pay the poll tax.

According to the standards of the Qianlong Emperor's period and subsequent periods, Shufan was equivalent to an aboriginal group that had been assimilated into Manchu and Han culture and was subject to the Qing government. However, this more disparaging term was retained to indicate that although this group was not Han, it was

In terms of cultural level, they are very different from non-Han ethnic groups.

These terms reflected the widespread thinking at the time: any ethnic group could be assimilated or submitted to under the adoption of Confucian social norms.

In April 1684, Taiwan was officially included in the territory of the Qing Dynasty, and the Taiwan Prefecture of Fujian Province of the Qing Empire was established.

In the early 17th century, the Qing government initially adopted a negative policy towards the rule of Taiwan. The policy of governing Taiwan was to manage construction at a lower cost and encourage people to reclaim land. It first forced the hundreds of thousands of Han people who had lived in Taiwan during the Dutch and Zheng periods to

The Qing Empire repatriated their origins to the mainland, and strictly restricted the immigration of mainlanders to Taiwan, prohibiting them from bringing their families. However, many people from China's coastal provinces still took the risk of smuggling to Taiwan and settled in various places in the western half of Taiwan. Later, they slowly began to move towards Taiwan.

The number of people reclaiming land in eastern Taiwan is small.

Due to the poor quality of officials sent by the Qing court in the early days, the language barrier between officials and people, and the Qing government's high-pressure policy towards Taiwanese residents, armed uprisings or harassment incidents continued to occur, such as the Zhu Yigui incident in 1721, the Lin Shuangwen incident in 1786, and

The Dai Chaochun incident in 1862 was known as the three major "rebellions" in Taiwan under the Qing Dynasty.

In the late Qianlong period of the 18th century, a large number of immigrants began to appear in Taiwan, and most of the immigrants in Taiwan were Zhangzhou and Quanzhou people.

Due to conflicts over land allocation on a first-come, first-served basis, armed conflicts and disputes between Quanzhang and Quanzhou broke out one after another.

The control of the Qing government was weak and unable to stop it. Local officials even ignored the fighting and divisions between the two parties, causing losses to both sides to reduce possible rebel forces.

This kind of antagonism between ethnic groups makes economic and cultural exchanges more difficult.

Thanks to the efforts of many local gentry from both ethnic groups in the late 19th century, improvements were gradually made.

However, to this day, the concept of ethnic separation is still somewhat influenced by it.