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Agricultural cultural heritage of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan

Wonton Noodles

Wonton Noodles is an indispensable part of Hongkong food culture. Wonton is wonton. The earliest wonton was made of whole pork, so it was called "pure meat wonton".

In ancient times, Wonton was very particular. It should be fat and thin, and made into minced meat, authentic and cut first and then chopped. Nowadays, most of the Wonton Noodles we usually eat is made of shrimp wonton, and the wonton materials include wonton skin, shrimp and pork.

Wonton Noodles is made of wonton noodles and boiled soup heads. Wonton tastes smooth, the entrance of noodles is elastic, which makes people memorable, and the noodles are more elastic and chewy. Wonton is rich in nutrients such as protein and starch.

Sculpture of the Statue of Macao

More than 4 years ago, the fishing industry played an important economic pillar in Macao. Fishermen worship their ancestors on fishing boats before fishing, but because most fishermen can't read, they use small statues instead of ancestral clan names. At the same time, fishermen will encounter unpredictable risks when they go out to sea to fish. Therefore, fishermen will put statues and tablets at the bow and other positions to ensure safety, and the statue carving industry came into being. At that time, the idol shop, commonly known as the "doll shop", became a success.

The sculpture of Macao statues is an excellent folk art in Macao, and it is an industry with extremely high technological requirements. Its manufacturing process includes design, material selection, carving, splicing, polishing, painting, sticking linen, priming oil (primer), painting line, sticking gold foil and painting, and each link has high technical requirements and requires special skills and experience.

There are a wide range of carved products of Macao statues, and the finished products have their own characteristics. Technicians carve and make them in strict accordance with the modeling characteristics and requirements of various statues.

1. Fishermen believe in idols

In the past, most fishermen were illiterate, so they had to use images to represent words and use intuitive wood carving idols for worship and sacrifice. The size of the statue used as ancestor sacrifice represents the level of seniority. There are many kinds of fishermen's belief gods made in Macao, some of which are the same as those of Buddhism, Taoism and folk beliefs.

Each fishing boat will offer nine Great God cards, Family God cards and bow cards. The statues in front of the nine great gods are Tianhou, Hongsheng, Jinhua, Huaguang, Guanyin, Beidi, Guandi, Chenwang and Caibo; If Zhu Daxian is worshipped, it is usually placed next to the Great God card; In front of the family god card is the family fairy, including "xianggong" card, riding dragon and tiger, single horse, riding crane and so on; The gods placed in front of the bow card are Chaojiang and Wanghai.

2. Taoist and folk belief idols

The Taoist and folk belief idols in Macau generally include: Lv Zu, Taishang Laojun, Jade Emperor, Doum, Kuixing, Zhenwu, Huaguang, Mazu, Guan Shengdi, Wang Lingguan, Eight Immortals, Chenghuang, Land, Zhong Kui, Jigong, Nezha, Luban, etc.

3. Buddha statues

There are many kinds of Buddhist statues, such as: Three Buddhas, Three Sages of Huayan, Three Sages of Wawa, Three Sages of the West, Guanyin and its waiters, Golden Boy and Jade Girl, Sakyamuni, Manjusri, Pu Xian, Dizang, Zhunti, Galand, Jain, Luohan, Maitreya, Void Tibetan, etc. Heaven: such as Brahma, Indra, Wei Tuo, etc.

in 28, the sculpture of Macao statues was selected into the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage protection projects.

water crab porridge

Macao is located at the junction of salt and fresh water, and the crabs produced are delicious.

water crab porridge is the essence of three kinds of crabs, namely water crab, cream crab and meat crab, and it is made with specially made oyster porridge. Crabs are all made of local crabs, because the crabs in Macau grow at the junction of fresh water in Yu Xian, and the crabs taste fresh and sweet, and the meat is rich and refreshing. The crabs in the water crab porridge are chopped into large pieces, so that the broken shells of crabs can be prevented from being mixed into the porridge, which affects the taste and is unsafe. As soon as the freshly baked water crab porridge is served, you will be attracted by its delicious taste and Huang Chengcheng's appearance, which will make your mouth water. The porridge is not thick or thin, and the rich crab yellow and delicious crab meat are full of crab fragrance.

St. Paul's archway

There are many Western-style Catholic churches in Macau, among which St. Paul's church is the oldest and most famous, and people used to call it "St. Paul's". The archway building of Dasanba combines the styles of European Renaissance and oriental architecture, which reflects the blending of eastern and western arts, with fine carving and grandeur. A triangular pyramid shape consisting of three to five floors, whether it is the towering cross at the top of the archway, the statue of the infant under the copper pigeon or the statue of the Virgin surrounded by angels and flowers, is full of rich religious atmosphere and gives people beautiful enjoyment. The statues on the archway are lifelike and can be called "three-dimensional Bible".

St. Paul's Cathedral, one of the most representative "Eight Scenic Spots in Macau", is located at the foot of Fort Hill, adjacent to the Macao Museum and the Fort Scenic Spot on the left. It is the front wall site of the Church of the Mother of God (that is, St. Paul's Church) and was reborn from the fire. The architecture is a blend of European Renaissance and Oriental architectural styles, reflecting the blending of eastern and western arts, with fine carving and grandeur.

in 25, the China government successfully declared the world cultural heritage to UNESCO, and the St. Paul's archway became a part of the historic city of Macau. Although the St. Paul's archway has lost the actual function of the church, it is closely related to the life of Macao people. Various cultural activities are held here from time to time, and the long steps in front of the archway just become natural seats, which makes the archway suddenly become a huge set and the stage is natural.

Alpine Camellia in Alishan Mountain

Walking along the highways and highways in Alishan Mountain area, you can see the colorful tea gardens everywhere. In recent ten years, tea has become the largest cash crop in Alishan area. Oolong and Jin Xuan are the main tea varieties.

Alpine Camellia in Alishan grows on the low-temperature hillside above 1 meters above sea level. It is surrounded by mist all the year round, full of moisture, abundant sunshine, clear and excellent water quality, and with advanced tea-making technology, it can be said to be "outstanding"; Its tea is not only fragrant and pure in texture, but also sweet and mellow in entrance and resistant to foam, which can be described as the top grade in tea. Local tea farmers can master the characteristics of Alishan tea, and use semi-fermented green tea to display the characteristics of alpine tea, which makes it widely favored by the tea industry.

Alpine tea in Alishan is famous for its Zhulu tea in Shizhuo and Longzhu tea in Ruili. Pearl dew tea soup is clear and golden yellow, fragrant in smell, sweet and pure in entrance, and highly praised; Longzhu tea not only has the pure quality of alpine tea, but also becomes one of the representatives of alpine tea in Alishan with excellent tea-making technology and successful production and marketing pipeline.

pineapple cake

pineapple cake is found all over Taiwan, and pineapple cake in Taichung is famous far and near. Pineapple stuffing is made by buying fresh pineapples and selling them now every day, attracting many foreigners. The outer skin is crispy and has a natural creamy aroma, while the inner filling is moderately chewy, sweet but not greasy, with a natural pineapple fruit aroma.

There is a joke about the origin of pineapple cake, which illustrates the origin of pineapple cake. Whoever loses a fight between chocolate and pineapple wins. The answer is chocolate, because the chocolate bar and pineapple lose, so it is also called "pineapple cake". Of course, this is just a joke that Bojun laughs at.

It is generally said that in the Three Kingdoms period (22-28 AD), Liu Bei married Sun Quan's sister with wedding cakes, and the wedding cakes were made of pineapple stuffing. In Taiwan Province's wedding customs, six flavors of ordering wedding cakes represent six gifts. One of them, pronounced in Taiwanese, is also called "Wanglai", which symbolizes that future generations want to come, and is deeply loved by the people. The early pineapple cakes were too big for ordinary people to consume. Nearly a hundred years ago, a pastry chef in Taichung County called Yan Ping often took the burden and brought his own "Dragon and Phoenix cakes" to Taichung for sale. The original "dragon cake" is a big round cake with meat stuffing, while the "phoenix cake" of the same size is filled with pineapple. "Dragon and phoenix cake" is considered as an indispensable wedding cake for engagement and marriage because of its auspicious meaning. Later, after the improvement of Yan vase, the chicken cakes were reduced to exquisite cakes of about 25 to 1 grams each, and pineapple cake was born.

Taiwan Province is not only rich in pineapples, but also represents the auspicious meaning of "Wanglai" (the speech of pineapple in Minnan) in folk customs. Therefore, this snack has become more popular in Taiwan Province.

pineapple cake's stuffing is not just pineapple. Wax gourd is usually added for taste, which is the habit of most people. In recent years, health care has become popular, and pineapple cake with different flavors such as whole grains, pine nuts, egg yolks and chestnuts can be bought on the market in Taipei. Oats and other ingredients are also added to the crust, and the taste is more diverse. Some people use other fruits as fillings, and invented such things as melon crisp, honey plum crisp, sour plum crisp and so on.

Later, it evolved into a modern "pineapple cake" made by combining Western-style pie skin with Chinese pineapple stuffing. Because the skin is crisp and soft, the pineapple stuffing is sweet but not greasy. This combination of Chinese and Western pineapple cake, even praised by western Renye Fang, has gradually become one of the favorite Taiwan Province gifts for foreign tourists.

Salt water bee cannon

Salt water bee cannon is a famous local folk activity during the Lantern Festival in Taiwan Province. It refers to a large-scale firing battery composed of many celestial cannons. When it is ignited, all the cannons are fired in unison, just like a swarm of they nest, so it is called "bee cannon".

The activity of bee firecrackers may have started in the 11th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, when the salt water area was infected with plague. Based on folk customs, residents prayed for peace to the local "Guan Sheng Di Jun" (Guan Gong), and according to the divination results, on the night of Lantern Festival, Zhou Cang was invited out of the temple to make a way, and set off firecrackers all the way around the area for one night. Later, it evolved into a tradition. At first, the whole area was around the Lantern Festival.

Today's salt water bee cannon has become a planned large-scale activity, and the ancient streets have been restored in coordination with history and sightseeing. In 26, Sanfu Street in the salt water area was set as the ancient cannon street in Tainan City, and the merchants in the serial streets made firecrackers by ancient methods, such as bamboo roll cannons and single-tube retro fireworks.

cooking skills of native Portuguese cuisine

Native Portuguese cuisine is a kind of food culture based on Portuguese cooking, which combines the ingredients and cooking methods used by African, Indian, Malaya and local Chinese, and combines the cooking skills of various places. It is a food culture that has been integrated for hundreds of years and is also an important historical product of Portuguese maritime culture.

In Macau, Portuguese food is an essential punch. A classic Portuguese meal is usually like this: before it is served, there is a strong curry smell, and the chicken cooked with turmeric powder is wrapped in potatoes, onions, black olives and Portuguese sausages. Pick up a piece and put it into your mouth. The chicken is spicy and slightly spicy, and it is full of flavor. The aroma of coconut milk permeates your mouth. The taste of happiness contains a sense of loss that can't describe which country it is.

This is the charm of native Portuguese cuisine.

convergence is its label. Based on Portuguese-style cooking, native Portuguese cuisine is compatible with the ingredients and cooking methods used by African, Indian, Malaysian and local Chinese, and shows a unique development form in combination with the cooking strengths of various places. It is a food culture that has been integrated for hundreds of years and is also an important historical product of Portuguese navigation culture.

At the beginning of the 16th century, the Portuguese arrived in Macau by boat along the west coast of Africa, bypassing the Cape of Good Hope and passing through India and Malacca. During the long voyage and berthing along the coast, the Portuguese gradually blended the lifestyles and eating habits of different regions, nationalities and cultures in Africa and Asia into their daily life. When they settled in Macau, China, on the coast of the South China Sea, they combined their own European culture with different customs along the way with the Chinese lifestyle, and gradually formed the "cooking skills of native Portuguese cuisine".

spices are its soul. Portuguese people refer to all kinds of condiments added in food and drinks as "spices", and oriental spices are the main commodities traded in Europe-East China Sea, which bring rich profits to Portuguese people. Therefore, the Portuguese were the first Europeans to understand oriental spices and trade. Curry, cinnamon, cardamom, pepper and cloves are all important discoveries made by the Portuguese in India and Southeast Asia. Using these seasonings, the Portuguese gradually formed a unique cooking method. After the fusion of eastern and western food cultures, a variety of dishes with rich colors, rich flavors and delicious taste have been produced.

At present, the culinary skills of native Portuguese have been widely recognized in Macao, and were listed in the intangible cultural heritage list of Macao in 212. At the same time, this skill also spread to all parts of the world with the migration of native Portuguese, and became one of the culinary skills with international influence and characteristics.

Land Belief

"Land Lord", also known as "Fude Zhengshen" and "Uncle Gong", is one of the most popular gods in China. Believers believe that it is in charge of one side of the land and protects the life, health and wealth of residents. Every year, on the second day of the second lunar month, it is the land's treasure birthday, commonly known as "Toutiao". Some land temples in Macao will hold grand birthday celebration activities, including praying for blessings, awakening lions to help celebrate, staging magical performances and holding banquets. It is an important worship and festival activity for the Chinese community in Macao.

"Dancing with Drunken Dragons" and "Dancing with Lions"

In the traditional culture of Macao, a "Drunken Dragon Awakening Meeting" is held every year on the second day of the Lunar New Year. Drunken dragon dance originated from Shiqi, Zhongshan City. Drunken dragon is different from the common dragon dance, with only a dragon head and a dragon tail, but no dragon body. The martial artist who danced the drunken dragon was drunk while dancing, so that he was somewhat drunk and danced boldly. "Wake up the lion" is to put the finishing touch on a new "lion", and the ceremony is very grand.

preserved fruits

Hong Kong is no stranger to many people. From Hong Kong-made blockbusters to TVB's brilliant stars, or the unique Hong Kong flavor in the streets and lanes, people are lingering. In addition to the reputation as a shopping paradise, Hong Kong is often called the food capital.

When you come to Hong Kong, besides visiting the well-known tea restaurants, wonton stalls and dessert shops, there are also some old brands that you may be interested in. For example: a taste that has lasted for half a century-Yao Feng Liang Guo.

The streets of Causeway Bay are full of land and gold. It's not so easy to find this legendary world's most expensive preserved fruit shop-Yaofeng. In a narrow street, follow the crowded people, and you will miss it if you are not careful.