1. What are the customs and characteristics of the Bai people? 2. Why are the Bai people in Dali so capable? 3. Characteristics and taboos of the Bai people? 4. Specific information of the Bai people? 5. Customs of the Bai people? 6. Basic knowledge of the Bai people? What are the customs and characteristics of the Bai people?

The customs and characteristics of the Bai people are reflected in these aspects: clothing color, architectural characteristics, food characteristics, etiquette culture and Chinese New Year customs.

1. Dress color: Bai people generally respect white, and both men and women of Bai people advocate white, thinking that white clothes represent dignity. Men usually wear white double-breasted clothes, while women's clothes have more patterns, but the color is mainly white. At the same time, women's age, marriage or not can be seen through their clothes.

2. Architectural features: The architectural style of the Bai nationality is unique, which is generally a single room or two connected bamboo fence houses or a tile house with civil structure.

3. Dietary characteristics: Bai people like to eat hot and sour flavors, and usually like to drink roasted tea and eat cold dishes. Generally, rice and wheat are the staple foods, and Bai people are good at curing ham, bacon, sausage and fried chicken.

4. Etiquette culture: As far as seats are concerned, male elders sit on the upper left, female elders sit on the upper right, and guests and younger generations sit on the lower and upper sides;

5. Chinese New Year custom: Generally speaking, during the Chinese New Year, Bai women are not allowed to use iron knives. When cooking, they should pay attention to silence and be able to blow fire, and go to the well to "draw fresh water".

introduction of Bai nationality

Bai nationality is the 15th largest ethnic minority in China, mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan and other provinces, among which the Bai nationality in Yunnan Province has the largest population, mainly living in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province. In addition, it is also distributed in Sichuan and Chongqing. Bai nationality has its own national language, and Bai language belongs to Yi branch of Tibetan-Burmese language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. Chinese has been widely used by Bai people since ancient times.

Bai nationality is unique in art, and its architecture, sculpture and painting art are famous at all times and at home and abroad. In the process of its formation and development, it interacted with the surrounding ethnic groups and created a splendid economy and culture. Bai nationality is a nationality with a high degree of inhabitation, with three branches: Minjia, Lemo and Nama, which are deeply influenced by Chinese culture.

Why are the Bai people in Dali so capable

The reasons why the Bai people in Dali are so capable are:

1. The Bai people mainly live at the foot of Cangshan Mountain in northwest Yunnan and belong to a typical farming nation. Bai people pay attention to festivals, and almost every festival has one or several kinds of food for the occasion.

2. Generally speaking, the Bai people are simple and sincere, moderate and peaceful, and the Bai people are warm and hospitable.

3. Bawang Whip Dance is one of the most representative folk dances of the Bai nationality, which is mainly popular in areas where Bai people live in concentrated communities, such as Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province. It is an indispensable and important part of Bai festivals, such as Around Sanling, March Street, Seedling Planting Meeting, Tianjiale, Torch Festival and so on.

Bai people's characteristics and taboos

Bai people's characteristics and taboos are as follows:

Bai people pay great attention to the distinction between young and old, between men and women, and they cherish food very much. When eating, they should not drop rice grains, but also pick them up and eat them. In addition, they should pay attention to placing dishes and chopsticks after eating.

Bai people also have taboos during festivals. Generally speaking, from the 3th to the first day of the Lunar New Year, we should pay attention not to owe people anything, to pay back what we owe, not to quarrel, and not to say unlucky things. Moreover, on the first day of the Lunar New Year, we can't use knives or barbed appliances, and Bai people don't like them sitting on the threshold of their own homes. This is a very impolite behavior.

Bai festivals:

1. March Street

March Street is also called "Guanyin City" and "Guanyin Street"; "Sacrificing Guanyin Street", a traditional grand festival of Bai nationality, is also a grand gathering of traditional folk materials exchange and cultural activities of Bai nationality, which is popular in Dali, Yunnan and other places.

March Street is held at the foot of Diancang Mountain in the west of Dali every year from March 15th to 21st. At first, it was full of religious activities, and later it gradually became a grand material exchange meeting. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, businessmen from Sichuan, Tibet and Jiangnan provinces came here to trade. It is not only an exchange place, but also a garden for performing various dances, horse racing and competition.

2. Torch Festival

Torch Festival is an ancient traditional festival of Yi, Bai, Naxi, Jinuo, Lahu and other ethnic groups, which has profound folk culture connotation and is called "Oriental Carnival".

Different ethnic groups hold Torch Festival at different times, mostly on June 24th of the lunar calendar. The main activities are bullfighting, sheep fighting, chicken fighting, horse racing, wrestling, song and dance performances, beauty contests and so on. In the new era, Torch Festival has been endowed with new folk functions and produced new forms.

3. Around Sanling

Bai people around Sanling, a traditional festival in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, is one of the national intangible cultural heritages. It is a grand traditional festival for the Bai people in Dali, and it is also a kind of mass song and dance of the Bai people with rich flavor of life.

Bai people's circling around Sanling originated in Nanzhao period of Tang Dynasty, and it was also recorded in Notes on Central Yunnan by Yang Qiong, a Bai scholar in Qing Dynasty. Around the Three Spirits is a self-entertaining God-welcoming competition among the Bai people in the slack season, which is spread in the Bai villages around Cangshan Erhai Lake in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. It is a grand gathering of local Bai people for a spring outing before busy farming.

Reference to the above contents: Baidu Encyclopedia-Bai nationality

The specific information of Bai nationality

1. Bai nationality is the 15th largest minority in China, mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan and other provinces, among which the Bai nationality in Yunnan Province has the largest population and mainly lives in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. In addition, it is also distributed in Sichuan and Chongqing.

2. Bai nationality has its own national language, and Bai language belongs to Yi branch of Tibeto-Burman language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. Chinese has been widely used by Bai people since ancient times. Bai nationality is unique in art, and its architecture, sculpture and painting art are famous all over the world. In the process of its formation and development, it interacted with the surrounding ethnic groups and created a splendid economy and culture.

3. The Bai nationality is a nationality with a high degree of inhabitation, with three branches: Minjia, Lemo and Nama, which are deeply influenced by Chinese culture.

4. Bai people call themselves "Bai Zi", "Bai Ni" and "Bai Gang", which means "white" in Chinese. There are more than 6 kinds of other names for the Bai people in this ethnic group, including "Minjia", "Nama" and "Lemo". The Bai people living in Dali, Kunming and Sangzhi, Hunan Province are called "Minjia" in Chinese. The Bai people living in Lijiang, Diqing and Nujiang are called "Nama" in Naxi language and "Lemo" in Lisu language. In Tibetan, it is called Lebo; in Yi, it is called Loubu, Luoben and Luojipo; and the Bai people in Guizhou have different names, such as seven surnames, nine surnames, Luomao, Longjiang people and Nanjing people. The Bai people in Weining, Guizhou Province, are called "people with seven surnames" because of their seven surnames.

5. According to the literature, the ancestors of the Bai nationality were formed by the fusion of the indigenous Kunming people, Heman people around Erhai Lake, the Miao people and Qiang people in the south of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and some ethnic groups such as Yi people, Si people, Yi people, Ailao people, Dian people and Han people. Before Yuan Dynasty, some Bai ancestors, some Yi ancestors and some Dai ancestors were all called "Bai Man", "Wu Man", "Upper Yi", "Lower Yi", "Hundred Yi" and "_ Yi" with the names of "Man" and "Yi". After the Yuan Dynasty, people with cultural attributes close to the Han nationality were recognized as an ethnic group and called "white people". "White people" is the earliest unified name of Bai ancestors today, and it was called "people's home" after Ming and Qing Dynasties. After the founding of New China, in November 1956, according to the wishes of the broad masses of Bai people, "Bai" was officially determined as the unified national name.

Bai people's customs

Bai people's marriage customs, young men and women have relatively free love activities, and they usually take advantage of labor, fairs, festivals and temple fairs to make love. Bai people live in the same family name and do not marry. After a man gets married, he should separate from his parents and form a small family. On the first Mid-Autumn Festival after marriage, the bride will make a big cake to show her cooking skills. Bai people are hospitable, and visitors are warmly welcomed whether they know each other or not, and treat each other with wine and tea. However, Bai people usually only pour half a cup of tea, but they need a full cup of wine. They think that wine is full of respect and tea is full of deception. Respecting the elders is the traditional virtue of the Bai nationality. When you meet the elderly, you should take the initiative to say hello, greet, give way, give up your seat, serve tea and pass cigarettes.

Bai nationality is one of the ethnic minorities in China, and it is a nationality with a high degree of inhabitation. Mainly distributed in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Dali is the ethnic origin, ancestral home and main settlement of the Bai nationality, and about 8% of the Bai nationality in China live here. In addition, there are Bai communities in Kunming, Lijiang, Nujiang, Diqing, Baoshan, Yuxi, Chuxiong, Wenshan, Lincang and other cities in Yunnan. There are also Bai people in Zhangjiajie, Xiangxi, Hunan, Bijie, Anshun, and Liangshan, Sichuan.

Bai costumes have a long historical development process, in which they have formed their own national characteristics. Bai people advocate white, and their clothing styles are slightly different from place to place, and white clothes are noble. The costumes of the Bai people in Dali, the royal family and officials are all dressed in silks and satins. In the Yuan Dynasty, wearing color, "slightly originated from the Han Dynasty", "men wear felt-like vertebral buns, while women do not apply powder, which makes their hair crisp. Green yarn is braided around the head system and wrapped in a black scarf. Ear gold ring, ivory wrapped around the arm. Clothing embroidered square, with semi-fine felt as the upper clothing. "

women's clothing varies from place to place. In Dali area, embroidered cloth or colored towels are often used to wrap the head, wearing white coats and red waistcoats, or light blue coats and coats with black velvet collars. Silver ornaments of "Three Beards" and "Five Beards" are hung on the right lining button, and the waist is embroidered with short waists, blue wide pants and embroidered shoes. Married people wear a bun, while unmarried people hang it in the back or braid it on their heads, all of which are wrapped in embroidered, printed or colored towels.

Basic knowledge about Bai nationality

Bai nationality is the 15th largest ethnic minority in China, mainly distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Hunan and other provinces, among which the Bai nationality in Yunnan Province has the largest population, mainly living in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province. So how much do you know about Bai people? The following is the content of Bai knowledge compiled by me, I hope you like it!

Bai nationality's name

Bai nationality calls itself "Bai Zi", "Bai Ni" and "Bai Gang", which means "white" in Chinese. There are more than 6 kinds of other names for the Bai people in this ethnic group, including "Minjia", "Nama" and "Lemo". The Bai people living in Dali, Kunming and Sangzhi, Hunan Province are called "Minjia" in Chinese. The Bai people living in Lijiang, Diqing and Nujiang are called "Nama" in Naxi language and "Lemo" in Lisu language. In Tibetan, it is called Lebo; in Yi, it is called Loubu, Luoben and Luojipo; and the Bai people in Guizhou have different names, such as seven surnames, nine surnames, Luomao, Longjiang people and Nanjing people. The Bai people in Weining, Guizhou Province, are called "people with seven surnames" because of their seven surnames.

according to the literature, the ancestors of the Bai nationality were a group formed by the fusion of the indigenous Kunming people, Heman people around Erhai Lake, the Miao people and Qiang people in the south of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and some ethnic groups such as the Yi people, the Yi people, the Yi people, the Ai people, the Dian people and the Han people. Before Yuan Dynasty, some Bai ancestors, some Yi ancestors and some Dai ancestors were all called "Bai Man", "Wu Man", "Upper Yi", "Lower Yi", "Hundred Yi" and "_ Yi" with the names of "Man" and "Yi". After the Yuan Dynasty, people with cultural attributes close to the Han nationality were recognized as a ethnic group and called "white people". "White people" is the earliest unified name of Bai ancestors today, and it was called "people's home" after Ming and Qing Dynasties. After the founding of New China, in November 1956, according to the wishes of the broad masses of Bai people, "Bai" was officially determined as the unified national name.

Bai's economy

Bai's economy is dominated by agriculture, with developed handicrafts and commerce, and its production level is basically the same as that of the surrounding Han nationality.

Traces of ditches have been found in Canger Neolithic site. However, in Haimenkou site in Jianchuan, it is found that residents have been engaged in raising livestock and farming. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, bronze culture appeared in Erhai area. During the Shu and Han dynasties, Erhai area had developed to "paddy field animal husbandry". In the Tang Dynasty, Bai ancestors were able to build Cangshan "Gaohe" water conservancy project and irrigate tens of thousands of hectares. Repairing high mountain terraces, the flood diversion project of Luoshi River in Deng Chuan was established.

before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the social and economic development in Bai areas was unbalanced. Generally speaking, the feudal landlord economy has an absolute advantage and the capitalist economy has developed to some extent. In some mountainous areas, especially in alpine areas, there are still remnants of feudal lords, slavery and even primitive communes.

after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the democratic reform was completed in 1953 and the socialist transformation was basically completed in 1956 in the central area of Dali, where the Bai people mainly lived, in the same way as in the Han areas. The Bai nationality areas ruled by Tusi, such as Hushui and Liuku, which are the remnants of feudal lords, adopted peaceful consultation to complete democratic reforms. In Bijiang, Fugong and other Bai areas where there are few people and class differentiation is not obvious, they mainly develop economy and culture and gradually complete the reform task.

After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the areas inhabited by Bai people have developed rapidly. Great progress has also been made in education, medical care and health care. The Bai people already have a considerable number of professors, writers, doctors and various scientific researchers. The economic development in the Bai area is becoming more and more prosperous.

Bai's culture

Religious belief

Worship of the Lord is a religion that all Bai people believe in. The white name of the Lord is "Wu Zeng", which is the abbreviation of "Blessing the Lord in this environment", meaning "My master". They are the protectors of Bai village communities. Some villages worship one owner, and some villages worship the same owner. As long as people and things that are closely related to the Bai village community can become the owners, there are not only mountains and rivers, trees, insects, fish, birds and animals with strong primitive religious colors, but also Buddhist and Taoist gods, Confucian model figures and folk legends. There are both royal families and nobles, as well as heroes and civilians; There are not only Bai people, but also Han people and other nationalities. This fully embodies the inclusive characteristics of the worship of the Lord. Every owner has his own festival, which is the main temple fair. In the daily life of the Bai people, not only festivals and major events, but also weddings, funerals, diseases and disasters, traveling far away, etc., are sacrificed in this main temple to pray for the blessing of this Lord God.

In addition, Taoism and _ _ also have certain influence among the Bai people.

Clothing

The clothing of the Bai nationality has a long historical development process, in which it has formed its own national characteristics. Bai people advocate white, and their clothing styles are slightly different from place to place, and white clothes are noble.

from the Qin and Han dynasties to the southern and northern dynasties, the ancestors of the Bai nationality "wore headdresses and feathers" with Dianchi lake as the center. In the bronze dance image unearthed in Shizhai Mountain, Jinning, the dancers are all wearing feather crowns, with long feathers at the top, bare upper body and striped skirts with animal skins and feathers. Erhai area, one of the ancestors of Bai nationality in the early Tang Dynasty, is called Xi 'erman, where men and women wear felt skin as a cloak, women's cloth as a skirt, and men and women are barefoot. There are five clouds in Yunnan Annals: "There are white men in the east, and husbands and women are dressed in white clothes, but they can't get down to their knees." "Woman, all don't make-up, with crisp ze hair. You take brocade as your skirt. " "If the children and the four armies are below Luo Mao, then when the forehead is a bun, they must not wear horns; When the top pinch _ bun, and covered with felt skin. Vulgarity is common, but the head bag has a special ear. HongLing is used in Nanzhao, and the rest are made of soap silk. " "Cao Chang has to wear a gold belt". "Those who have extraordinary skills will have to wear polo skin (that is, tiger skin). Nanzhao royal family, Qingping officials and generals have served Hanfu, with round neck, wide robe and big sleeves, wide pants and tight legs, and boots. The head sac of the imperial edict is Zhong Ding style, the head sac of the civil servant is black lotus style, and the military attache is tiger head style.