Nanjing, with a history of more than 6, years of civilization and 2,4 years of city construction, is called "the four ancient capitals of China" together with Beijing, Xi 'an and Luoyang. Since Sun Quan of Soochow moved to Nanjing in AD 229, ten dynasties have established their capitals here in history, so it is called "the city of ten dynasties".

1. Xuanwu Lake

is located outside the northeast city wall and is connected with the urban area by Xuanwu Gate and Jiefang Gate. It was called Sangbo before the Six Dynasties and Beihu in the Jin Dynasty, and it was a place for training the navy. There are Huanzhou, Yingzhou, Liangzhou, Cuizhou and Lingzhou in the lake, and the five continents have their own characteristics. The shore of Xuanwu Lake is rhombic, with a circumference of about 1 kilometers, covering an area of 437 hectares and a water surface of about 368 hectares. There are five islands in the lake, which divide the lake into four large areas, and there are bridges or dikes between the islands, which are convenient for sightseeing. The depth of the lake is no more than 2 meters. Fish and lotus flowers are planted in the lake. In summer and autumn, the water surface is green and pink lotus flowers are hidden among them. The lake is full of fragrance and the scenery is charming.

2. Ancient City Wall

The Nanjing City Wall is 33.5 kilometers long, more than 12 meters high and 7.62 meters to 12.19 meters thick. The city is based on granite, with huge bricks as walls. The side stones of each brick have the official residence and year, month and year of the brickmaker, and the specifications are consistent. When it is built, it is mixed with lime, tung oil and glutinous rice juice, which is very strong and stands for hundreds of years. There are 2 bunkers and 24 gates on the city wall. The well-preserved ones are Zhonghua Gate in the south of the city, Yi Jiangmen in the northwest, Xuanwu Gate in the northeast of the city and Zhongshan Gate in the east of the city.

3. The former site of the Presidential Palace

is located at No.292 Changjiang Road, which used to be the Tianwang Palace, and was rebuilt as the Governor's Office of Liangjiang in the late Qing Dynasty.

There is a western-style bungalow on the west side of Tianwangfu West Garden, which used to be the private flower room of the governor of Liangjiang in the late Qing Dynasty, with 7 rooms. On New Year's Day, 1912, Sun Yat-sen became the temporary president here, and later Sun Yat-sen used it as the president's office and conference room. A Chinese-style building on the northeast side of the West Garden, later called "Zhongshan Hall", is Dr. Sun Yat-sen's bedroom, dining room and bathroom, and downstairs is the residence of security guards.

During the period of Kuomintang rule, the Palace of China was once the office of Chiang Kai-shek, and was later changed to the Presidential Palace. A super building was built in the back. Chiang Kai-shek worked in Room 119 on the second floor, and Vice President Li Zongren worked in Room 118 opposite. The conference hall on the third floor was where the State Council was held at that time.

4. Jiming Temple

Located at the foot of Jiming Mountain in the north of the city, it is one of the famous ancient temples in Nanjing. Originally the backyard of Wu in the Three Kingdoms, it was promoted to Tingwei Department. In the first year of Liang Datong (527), Tongtai Temple was built here. When Hou Jing rebelled against Taicheng, the temple was destroyed by fire. Yang Wu built Taicheng Thousand-Buddha Monastery, Jingju Temple in Southern Tang Dynasty, and Yuanji Temple in Song Dynasty. In the 2th year of Hongwu Ming Dynasty (1387), Jiming Temple was built in the former site of Tongtai Temple. According to legend, this place was an ancient battlefield and an execution ground in Yuan Dynasty. In the early Ming Dynasty, Xifan monks were invited to set up an altar to give food and turn over ghosts, hence the name Shi Tai. During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty (1862-1874), it was rebuilt and its scale was reduced. Huomeng Building was built in Guangxu, and Jingyang Building was built in the early Republic of China. Downstairs in the foothills, there is a rouge well, which is said to be the place where Chen Houzhu, Zhang Lihua and Kong Guiyu took refuge from Sui soldiers. It is said that well field stone was wiped with silks, and the stone veins were marked with rouge, so it was called rouge well, also known as humiliation well. It is near Xuanwu Lake in the north, with beautiful scenery and beautiful scenery. It is one of the famous scenic spots in Nanjing.

5. Meiyuan New Village Memorial Hall

Located at No.3, No.35 and No.17 Meiyuan New Village in the east section of Changjiang Road, north of Hanfu Street, it is the original office site of the China * * * production party delegation. From May, 1946 to March, 1947, a delegation of China's * * * production party, headed by Zhou Enlai, held negotiations with the Kuomintang government here for 1 months and 4 days.

6. Drum Tower

Located in Gulougang, downtown, it was built in the 15th year of Ming Hongwu (1382). The scale of its building is rare in China, and it is divided into two floors, the lower floor is arched without a beam city que, and the upper floor is a double-eaved four-slope top, which is very spectacular. Upstairs used to be the place where Wang Yingfei was greeted in the Ming Dynasty and received the imperial edict to tell the time. The original drums used for telling the time and honoring the ceremony had two sides, the small drums had 24 sides, the cloud board had one side, the clock was on one side, four dental sticks, a copper cylinder in the pot room and other musical instruments. These furnishings have been lost since the Ming Dynasty. The existing building foundation was originally built in Ming Dynasty, and the upstairs building was rebuilt in late Qing Dynasty. Kangxi visited the Drum Tower during his southern tour in 1684. The following year, he built a huge monument upstairs and changed it into a monument building, but the locals still used to call it the Drum Tower.

7. Nanjing Museum

Located next to the Ming Palace Museum in the east of the city, it is one of the most famous museums in China. The National Museum in the Republic of China was as famous as the Palace Museum and the Shanghai Museum.

At present, the museum has 42, pieces of various collections (Shanghai Museum has 2, pieces), and there are more than 2, national treasures and national first-class cultural relics. Among them, archaeological excavations, ethnic minorities' cultural relics, foreign cultural relics, palace utensils, Qing Dynasty documents and Japanese invaders' surrender ceremony are rare and unique in China, with high scientific value. There are nearly 3, Chinese and foreign professional books in the library, including rare rare rare books and temple editions in China. Nanjing Museum has about 2, to 3, first-class treasures in China, including the paintings of Emperors in Past Dynasties and the Picture of Emperor Xing Shu in Tang and Ming Dynasties. Rare national treasures such as "Mao Gong Ding" and "Si Mu Wu Ding" in bronzes. A group of famous experts gathered here, such as Li Ji, Wu Jinding, Xia Nai, Zeng Zhaoju and Wang Tianmu. During the period of moving to the southwest during the * * War, he conducted archaeological excavations and ethnic surveys, and published many monographs such as the Archaeological Report of Canger in Yunnan, the Dictionary of Some Pictographs, and the Museum.

8. Chaotian Palace is the largest and best preserved group of ancient buildings in the south of the Yangtze River, covering an area of more than 3, square meters and built on the mountain. The history of Chaotian Palace can be traced back to the 5th century BC. Yecheng, one of the earliest cities in Nanjing, was built on Yeshan, where the current Tiangong is located. Since then, famous buildings and beautiful structures have been built here, making it a place for celebrities to board. The whole building is divided into three columns, among which is the Confucian Temple, with Jiangning Fuxue in the east and Biangong Ancestral Temple in the west.

9. The site of the Ming Palace

is the blueprint of the Forbidden City in Beijing, which consists of the Imperial City and Miyagi, and is collectively called the Palace. The Palace Museum in the Ming Dynasty has many halls, dense pavilions, carved beams and painted buildings, and thousands of portals. It was once used as the palace of Hongwu, Jianwen and Yongle in the early Ming Dynasty for 54 years. It was not until the 19th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1421) that Zhu Di, the founder of Ming Dynasty, moved to Beijing and the Ming Palace in Nanjing officially ended the mission of the imperial palace, but it was still stationed by the royal family and important officials, and its position was very important.

After the capital moved to the north, the Ming Palace in Nanjing was gradually neglected, and in the following hundreds of years, the natural damage was also very serious. During the reign of Xianfeng and Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, due to the battle between Taiping Army and Qing Army, the Forbidden City in Ming Dynasty suffered another great damage. Except for the foundation of stone components buried underground, "the gold powder on the balcony has sunk ... the moon sets and the palace garden is silent in spring", leaving only a piece of rubble.

Today, the Ming Palace Square and Wuchaomen Park were built on the site of the Ming Palace Museum.

1. Hongshan Forest Zoo

is located in Hongshan in the north of the city, overlooking Zijinshan in the east, Nanjing Railway Station in the west, Xuanwu Lake in the south and Mufu Mountain in the north, covering an area of 68 hectares. The terrain in the park is undulating and the winding path is secluded. There are 37 venues in the bushes, such as bird area, beast area, primate area, large herbivore area and large animal performance field, animal photography field, children's zoo and Shihu Mountain, which are strategically located.

11. Confucius Temple

The Confucius Temple was built in the Song Dynasty, next to Gongyuan Street on the north bank of Qinhuai River. Confucius Temple takes the Qinhuai River in front of the temple as the panchi, and the stone brick wall on the south bank as the zhaobi, with a total length of 11 meters, which is the highest zhaobi in China. Every year from the first day to the eighteenth day of the first lunar month, the Confucius Temple Lantern Festival is held here, which is very lively.

In 1985, the Nanjing Municipal Government restored the ancient buildings of Confucius Temple, and also rebuilt the city appearance around Confucius Temple. The facades of many shops, restaurants and snack bars were transformed into Ming and Qing styles, and Gongyuan Street near the river was built into an antique tourist and cultural commercial street. Confucius Temple not only restored the old view, but also showed a new look.

Confucius Temple complex, composed of Confucius Temple, Xuegong and Jiangnan Gongyuan, is the essence of Qinhuai scenery. Mingyuan Building is one of the buildings in the Hiram's Hospital, located in the middle of the Hiram's Hospital. It was originally used to monitor the behavior of the examinees and whether the employees in the courtyard had facilities to transfer joints. "Mingyuan" means "pursue the distance with caution, and return to the original". There was a couplet hanging downstairs to the south, which was written by Li Yu, a famous scholar during the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, and the title was: "If the moment is strict, watch the gentlemen crouch down and wait, and the group will do their best; I'm in the same month, and I like the people here, and I have a panoramic view. " From the couplet, we can also see the purpose and function of setting up Mingyuan Building. There are three gold characters "Mingyuan Building" hanging on the gate, and the "Monument of Jinling Gongyuan" is embedded in the outer wall, which records the rise and fall history of Gongyuan.

Today, it is the most famous pedestrian commercial district in Nanjing, and it is also the place with the most old Nanjing flavor.

12. Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery

is the commanding height of the south of the city, from which the story of falling flowers comes. During the period of Kuomintang rule, it became the execution ground for killing revolutionaries. After liberation, a martyrs cemetery was built here. There is a memorial hall for revolutionary martyrs and an exhibition hall for martyrs' deeds, which has been visited by people for many years.

13. Mochou Lake

According to legend, Mochou, a girl from Luoyang in the Southern Dynasties, was poor and sold herself to bury her father. She married Jinling far away, so she could not tolerate her aunt and threw herself into the lake, hence the name. When Zhu Yuanzhang was in the Ming Dynasty, a villa was built here, which was later called "the first resort in Jinling".

14. Memorial Hall for the Victims of the Nanjing Massacre

Located in Jiangdongmen, Nanjing, it is the site of the collective massacre of the Japanese invaders and the burial place of the victims. In order to mourn the victims, Nanjing people built a memorial hall in 1985 and expanded it in 1995. The museum covers an area of 28, square meters with a building area of 3, square meters. The building is made of gray marble, which is magnificent and solemn. It is a special history exhibition hall that comprehensively displays the Nanjing Massacre by means of historical materials, cultural relics, architecture, sculpture, film and television.

The museum is divided into three parts: the exterior exhibition area, the remains display and the historical materials display. The exterior exhibition area consists of many landscapes, such as group sculptures, vertical sculptures, reliefs, signs, monuments, poems, atonement monuments, dead trees, broken walls, lists of victims, green trees and lawns, etc., which constitute the architectural style of the memorial cemetery with the theme of life and death, sadness and anger. In the coffin-shaped remains exhibition room, some of the remains of the victims excavated from the "mass graves" when the museum was built are displayed, which is the ironclad evidence of the Japanese invaders' massacre. More than 1, precious historical photos, cultural relics, charts and witness materials are displayed in the semi-underground historical materials exhibition hall in the shape of a tomb. Modern display means such as light boxes, sand tables, clay sculptures, oil paintings, landscape restoration, multimedia touch screens, movies and televisions are used to reproduce the tragic history of the Nanjing Massacre and expose the bloody atrocities of Japanese militarists.

The museum has become an important place for international prayer for peace and historical and cultural exchanges, and it is also a "national patriotic education demonstration base".

15. Zhanyuan

One of the two existing classical gardens in Nanjing. Originally the palace of Xu Da. The central and eastern part of the garden is dominated by a group of ancient buildings, while the western part is a garden, which is famous for its rockeries and waterside pavilions. According to legend, the rockery "Fairy Peak" is a relic of Song Huizong's "Huashigang" and Jingmiao Hall is the Yuanyang Hall, both of which are masterpieces of Nanjing gardens.

16. Egret Island

Egret Island, as mentioned by the ancients, is located in the Yangtze River, 2.5 kilometers west of Nanjing now, and it was named because there were many egrets on the continent at that time. Li Bai once chanted his famous sentence "like this Island of White Egrets dividing the river".

Today's Bailuzhou Park is located in the north of Wudingmen in the south of Nanjing, south of Lishe Bridge and Ancient Taoyedu on Qinhuai River, and it is one of the scenic spots in Qinhuai scenic belt. Originally the East Garden of Xu Da, the king of Zhongshan in Ming Dynasty, the scenery in the garden was destroyed during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. In 1923, Yixing people ran a tea house here, including Lv Yun Zhai, Gu Jiu Xuan, Ou Xiang Ju, Yin Feng Ge and Huayu Pavilion. At that time, there was a couplet in the center of Ouxiang. The first couplet was "This is the old address of the East Garden" and the second couplet was "Its name is Taibai's legacy poem", which clearly explained the history of the park. In 1929, when the old site of Dongyuan was renovated, it was turned into a park and named "Bailuzhou Park". In 1937, the park was destroyed. On the eve of the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, only broken bridges and ruins were left, and several acres of wasteland were left. In 1951, with the regulation of Qinhuai River, Bailuzhou Park was expanded, with four garden gates, a pair of stone lions standing in front of the north gate, and calligrapher Fei Xinwo inscribed the threshold. Rocks and lakes are piled up in the park, and flowers and trees are planted everywhere. In addition to renovating Jiufeng Temple and Ouxiangju, Yanyuxuan, cloister, small bridge, arch bridge, waterside pavilion, scenic pavilion, skating rink and juvenile home have been built.

17. Stone Town of Qingliang Mountain

Located in the west of Nanjing, it has a beautiful scenery and is known as the "urban mountain forest". Places of interest can be found everywhere in Qingliang Mountain, including Ma Po, Ancient Well in Nantang, Qingliang Temple, Chongzheng Academy and Sweeping Leaf Building. Stone Town is located in Qingliang Mountain, with a total length of about 3 meters from north to south. The ruins of the city foundation are ochre red, and there are a lot of river stones in it, which are generally .3-.7 meters above the surface and the highest point is 17 meters. They are carved from natural rocks. In the middle section, several protruding red water rocks look like ugly faces, so they are called grimace city. This city was originally Jinling City in Chu Weiwang, which was built in the seventh year of Chu Weiwang (333 BC).

In the 16th year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (211), Sun Quan of the State of Wu moved to Moling (present-day Nanjing), and the next year he built a city in the original site of Jinling City on Stone Mountain, and named it Stone. Bricks were added in the Yixi period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (45-418), and the Stone Town was rebuilt as a part of Yingtianfu City (now Nanjing) in the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369). Defending the Yangtze River is a battleground for military strategists, and it is known as the "Shicheng Huju".

18. Victory Monument in the Battle of Crossing the River

Located in the center of Rehe Road Square in Xiaguan, it was built in 1979. From a distance, the whole monument is like a warship braving the wind and waves. On the front of the pedestal, Deng Xiaoping's handwriting "Victory Monument for Crossing the River" is engraved, and on the back, Mao Zedong's handwriting "Seven Laws of People's Liberation Army Occupation of Nanjing" is engraved.

19. Yanziji

One of the three famous rocky places in the Yangtze River is outside Guanyin Gate in the northern suburb of Nanjing. It is a branch in the northeast of Yanshan Mountain. The altitude is 36 meters. The rock stands upright on the river, facing the sky on three sides, and looks like a swallow spreading its wings to fly, so it is called Yanziji. In the early Qing Dynasty, when Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong went down to the south of the Yangtze River, they all moored their boats here. There is a stele pavilion at the top of the rocky mountain. Under the stele in the pavilion, there is the book "Yanziji" written by Qing Gan Long Di, with his poems on the back. Boarding at night, the moon is white and the river is like practice, which is one of the "Forty-eight Scenes of Jinling".

there are hongji temple and Guanyin pavilion near yanziji, and the temple is abandoned. There are 12 original caves in Yanshan Mountain, most of which are cliffs, which are formed by the impact of river water. Now only Toutai Cave, Ertai Cave and Santai Cave are famous. Among them, Santai Cave is the deepest and most tortuous. There are places of interest such as Guanyin Spring and Xiaoyangtian in the cave; There is a stone ladder on the right side of the cave, which can reach the sky; There are hundreds of stone steps, and the flying pavilion flies in the air. Don't open the realm.

2. Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge

is located on the Yangtze River in the northwest of Nanjing. It is a double-deck two-lane highway and railway bridge designed and built by China itself, and was completed on December 29, 1968.

The highway bridge on the upper floor is 4,589 meters long, and the roadway is 15 meters wide, which can accommodate four large cars in parallel, and there are sidewalks more than 2 meters wide on both sides; The railway bridge on the lower floor is 6772 meters long and 14 meters wide, with double tracks, and two trains can leave at the same time. Among them, the main bridge on the river is 1577 meters long, and the rest are approach bridges. The highway approach bridge adopts the form of double-hole hyperbolic arch bridge with China characteristics. There are 2 cast iron reliefs embedded in the railings on both sides of the main highway bridge, beside the sidewalk.