F1 is Formula One, which stands for the top automobile race in the world.
F1 is the abbreviation of "FIA Formula one World Championship" in English, and its Chinese literal translation is Formula One Grand Prix. People may not quite understand the Formula, here the formula means that the vehicles participating in the competition are manufactured according to strict rules and standards, and it must follow strict rules and requirements in the competition.
F1 racing car is manufactured and competed under a set of system rules formulated by FIA. And "1" means that the level of this series of events is level one. Because besides F1, there are other different levels of Formula Racing, such as F3, F3111(F2), Formula BMW, Formula Renault, etc. They all belong to Formula Racing. It's just that their rules and requirements are different. F1 is the highest-ranking formula car developed by FIA, so it is named F1.
F1 is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, that is, the International Automobile Federation-FIA for short; He is the abbreviation of French: Federation international e de l 'automobile, and the chairman of the association is Max Mosley. FIA is mainly responsible for the formulation of competition rules. The operation of F1 movement is completed by FOM(Formula One Management) Formula One Management Committee. The CEO of FOA is Bernie Ecclestone, headquartered in London, England.
FIA is FIA with FIA Mosley as the chairman
FIA is FIA, which is FIA for short; His full English name is Federation international e de 1' automobile. The organization was founded on June 21th, 1914, initiated by several European countries, such as France, Britain and Germany, and headquartered in Switzerland. Its official languages are French and English, with Mosley as its chairman.
FIA is a non-profit organization, which represents 151 national automobile driving organizations in 117 countries on five continents. FIA*** is divided into two parts: Sports Department and Travel Automobile Department.
Sports Department: It is responsible for managing all forms of automobile sports in the world, including the F1 race which attracts more than 5 billion TV viewers every year, as well as the F3111 race, the GT race, the World Rally Championship, the go-kart race and so on. According to the applications of various countries, FIA arranges nearly 811 automobile races in about 81 countries in the world every year.
F1 English terminology
1, Grand Prix: transliteration is "Grand Prix", which is the most widely called in Hong Kong and Taiwan. Now the widely accepted Chinese name is "Grand Prix". The first competition called "Grand Prix" was held in Le Mans, France in 1916.
2. Championship points: The score of F1 race is evaluated by FIA according to the results of each race, which can be divided into driver points and team points. The former is based on the ranking of drivers after each race: 11 points for the first place, 8 points for the second place, 6 points for the third place, 5 points for the fourth place, 4 points for the fifth place, 3 points for the sixth place, 2 points for the seventh place and 1 point for the eighth place. The team's points are added up by its drivers' points.
3. Chassis: Chassis is the most basic structure of a racing car, including the body floor structure, suspension system and other basic components. It is usually the source of the number of a racing car.
4. Cockpit: the area where F1 drivers ride, which is tailor-made according to the driver's figure. However, as a team, the third car can't take into account the figure of two drivers, so it is usually designed according to the figure of the first driver in the team.
6. Constructor: also known as the team. The manufacturer of Formula One cars refers to the manufacturer of body chassis. At present, there are ten manufacturers of F1 cars, namely Ferrari, Williams, McLaren, Britain and America, Renault, Sauber, Jordan, Toyota and Minardi. Usually, the name of the body chassis manufacturer is put in front of the engine manufacturer, such as: BAR-HONDA. In F1, the glory of the team champion is awarded to the body chassis manufacturer.
7. Downforce: Its purpose is to make the racing car that is flying at high speed firmly pressed on the track and ensure that the racing car tires have sufficient adhesion. The downforce is realized by the unique design of the car body, front wing and tail wing and the interaction with the high-speed airflow. It usually improves with the increase of racing speed.
8, Grid: the starting position of the finals is determined according to the results of qualifying. The specific arrangement method is to arrange in zigzag in two columns, and the absolute distance between the front and rear cars is 8 meters.
9, Qualifying: refers to the race that determines the starting order of drivers' races before the final. Usually divided into two stages, namely the first stage and the second stage. In the first stage, the starting sequence starts from the driver's points before the race from high to low, while in the second stage, the starting sequence starts from the driver's performance in the first stage from bad to good. The results of the second stage determine the starting order of the race.
11, Pole Position: also called starting; The driver who starts first is called winning pole position. He is the best driver in the second qualifying session of the race weekend.
11, Hairpin: refers to the turning back of 181 degrees.
12, Chicane: The Chinese literal translation of this English word means "cheat", but in F1 field, it refers to the continuous corner set on the straight road to reduce the speed.
13, Paddock: It is located near the starting point of the Grand Prix track, which is the place for fleet management, rest area and transport vehicles to park.
14, Pits: the place where the team places the cars, debugs the cars before the race and completes the pit stop maintenance during the race, which is the core of the team's weekend work.
15, Starting Grid: the starting positions of drivers are arranged according to their results in qualifying, which are specifically arranged in two rows.
16, Wind Tunnel: The wind tunnel is used to develop the aerodynamic package of racing cars. Its purpose is to have the minimum air resistance under the condition of ensuring that the racing car can get enough downforce, so as to improve the speed of racing cars and the stability of high-speed driving. Wind tunnel is extremely expensive because it needs huge energy and is equipped with sophisticated electronic instruments.
17, Pit Crew: refers to all engineering technicians who are responsible for the team work in the maintenance area.
18, Pit Lane: the lane where cars enter the pit lane from the track and then return to the track. The pit lane is the only place on the track where there is a strict speed limit. The speed limit is 81-121km/h, and there are different regulations according to different tracks. For example, due to the narrow track in Monaco, the required speed of the pit lane is 61km/h..
19, Pit Stop: refers to the process that drivers stop to finish refueling and tire changing during the race. The timing and times of pit stop are important strategies for each team.
21, Race Number: the numerical code of the race car driven by each driver, which was compiled by FIA according to the driver's ranking in the previous year before the race. The technical requirement of this number is that it must be clearly displayed on the nose wing and both sides of the car body, with a height of at least 25mm. According to European custom, the number 13 will not be used.
21. Safety Car: Its function is to lead the racing cars on the track to drive slowly when there is an accident during the race. Now the safety car is usually provided by Mercedes-Benz, and its driver is an experienced professional driver.
F1 flags are colorful, and each flag has its own mystery.
F1 racing has different characteristics from other sports events. One of them is that signals are expressed and transmitted through flags of different colors during the competition. The following is a detailed explanation of the specific meanings expressed by flags of different colors:
1, Yellow Flag: There are dangerous situations on the track ahead, such as car crashes or mechanical failures, so drivers must be especially careful and be prepared to slow down. If the vehicle has stopped at the roadside, or the obstacle is no longer on the track, the yellow flag will be a flat lift. But if the accident happens to be on the track, or there is debris on the track, the yellow flag will be waved.
If the accident has caused traffic jams, two yellow flags will be waved. Overtaking is not allowed under the yellow flag. If the driver doesn't notice the yellow flag, it will be very dangerous to come to the scene of the accident at the speed of the race. Therefore, drivers who don't follow the rules will be severely punished and may even be disqualified.
2. Red and yellow striped flag: It means that the track surface ahead is slippery and there may be oil on the road. When this flag appears, drivers must pass carefully.
3, white flag: It means that there is a slow train on the track ahead, which may be an ambulance, a crane or even FIA's Safety Car. When this flag appears, drivers must be careful and be prepared to slow down.
4, Red Flag: It means that the race or stage is withdrawn early, and this flag will appear in the whole stadium. When the driver sees the red flag, he must wait for the order to start again or stop.
5, green flag: it means that the situation is lifted, and the driver can resume the race speed or overtake the opponent.
6, blue flag: indicates that there is a faster vehicle approaching from the rear, and it is ready to overtake. If you see a waving blue flag, the driver in front must give way to the faster driver in the rear to pass. If you ignore the warning of the blue flag for three times, the driver who doesn't give way will be sentenced to stop for 11 seconds.
7, black flag: It means that the warned driver has misbehaved or fouled on the track, and must return to Pit immediately after the lap is completed. This flag will appear at the starting and finishing points with the car number, and the warned driver may be disqualified or punished overtime.
8, red circle flag on black background: It means that the General Assembly thinks that the warned driver's vehicle has mechanical failure, which may cause danger, and must return to Pit immediately after the lap is completed. This flag will appear at the starting and ending points with the vehicle number, unless the vehicle is repaired, the warned driver will not be allowed to return to the field.
9, check flag: The waving check flag indicates that the race or stage is out, and the driver must immediately return to the Pit and enter the paddock, and the car will be checked for compliance. This flag will be waved to the champion driver and fixed to other drivers who pass the finish line.
The lighting signs of F1 race are complicated and varied in color.
The lighting instruction device of F1 race is set in the front and upper part of the starting area, which not only has the function of announcing the start, but also can convey various information through the change of lighting. The details are as follows:
Racing ranking:
1. Four groups of red lights are on: 5 minutes before the start of tire warming: the starting place is closed, and drivers who are still on the track or in the pit can only start from the pit, and their positions will be vacated.
2. Three sets of red lights are on: 3 minutes before the start of tire warming: only technicians and race officials can stay on the field.
3. Two sets of red lights are on: 1 minutes before the start of tire warming: the engine starts, and the technicians and race officials must retreat outside the starting area.
4. A set of red lights is on: 31 seconds before the start of tire warming
5. Five green lights are on: tire warming is started. After the tire warming is completed, each driver returns to his position and waits for the start.
start: the red lights light up from left to right in sequence
1. One group of red lights light up for 5 seconds
2. Two groups of red lights light up for 4 seconds
3. Three groups of red lights light up for 3 seconds
4. Four groups of red lights light up for 2 seconds
5. Five groups of red lights light up for 1 seconds <
Special situation:
Failure of approach ranking: it occurs just before the vehicle enters the site
1. The yellow light flashes until the new departure time is determined, usually after 15 minutes.
2. The red light flashes twice before the entry ranking time is determined.
Start failure: it occurs before the start preparation.
1. In case of unexpected situation affecting the start, the yellow light flashes at this time. If the countdown of the red light starts, it will be frozen and stopped immediately, usually 5 minutes later.
F1 helmet is high in science and technology, and everything is considered for safety
As one of the most important safety facilities worn by F1 drivers, the helmet keeps the closest contact with the audience, but it contains a lot of cutting-edge technologies that are little known. Here we will find out.
Function of F1 helmet
F1 helmet has two main functions: first, to protect the safety of drivers, mainly to ensure the safety of drivers' heads in case of impact; Second, ensure the good aerodynamic effect of the car; The driver's helmet is an important part of the aerodynamics of F1 racing car because it is an open cabin design. Therefore, when designing a helmet, technicians must ensure that it reaches many safety indexes without destroying the aerodynamic effect of the whole racing car, that is, the primary starting point of helmet appearance design is functionality, not simple aesthetics.
material composition of F1 helmet
F1 helmet is mainly composed of three materials, which are carbon, Kavlar fiber and polyethylene. The use of these three materials has its own specific purposes: the introduction of carbon element is mainly to reinforce and ensure the high strength of the helmet; Kavlar fiber is used to prevent fire; The purpose of using polyethylene is to keep the helmet from deforming even when the temperature changes in a wide range.
the functional structure of F1 helmet (F1 helmet is divided into seven parts according to its function * * *):
1, goggles
Goggles refer to the transparent lens that can rotate upwards at the front of the helmet. According to the FIA's safety requirements, it must be able to withstand the impact of small particles flying at a speed of up to 511 km/h on the track. The inner surface of goggles is coated with special anti-fog material and light transparent color, which is used to prevent the driver from being misled by the change of light on the track and to distinguish the change of the situation on the track clearly. In the process of design, the engineer also reduced the optical deformation to the minimum (the optical deformation of goggles means that because the goggles themselves are a smooth spherical surface, the driver's line of sight will deform the objects he sees when passing through it.