Susan's story is well known, but not many people know the prison where Susan was imprisoned.
Susan prison is the common name of ordinary people. In fact, it is the prison of Amin dynasty, near the west of the county government. In front is the cell for ordinary prisoners, and in the middle is a small yard. After a turn, you enter Tiger Head Prison, which is a cell for death row inmates. The wall is two feet thick, which is really terrible. Death row inmates come in from the gate of hell, so they can't go out from here again. Don't leave here again, not alive, but dead. When a person dies, he will dig a hole in the back wall and throw it into the street from there. That hole is called tiger ass.
Go in from the tiger's mouth and come out from the tiger's ass. I don't know what the rulers think, but this is obviously a self-invitation: Yamen prison is a tiger that eats people!
Tiger Head Prison has three cells and a small courtyard. There is a washing trough and a pumping well in the yard. There is white water in the well, which seems to be still immersed in Susan's tears. The wellhead is less than 20 cm, which seems to be the best in the country.
Walking out of the prison gate, I saw the streets full of traffic and bustle. At that time, Susan met Taiyuan, left the county government, met passers-by in the street, asked if anyone had gone to Nanjing, wanted to take a message to Wang San's son, and even broke into people's shops with shackles to ask. Everyone criticized her tragic experience of being betrayed, falsely accused, beaten and imprisoned in Hongdong County, and at some point shouted out the widely spread word "There are no good people in Hongdong County". However, is there really no good person in Hongtong County? I don't think so. For example, Su San, who escorted justice, spent his life in the county government, witnessed the dirty actions of corrupt officials, experienced countless unjust, false and wrong cases, and expressed deep sympathy for Su San's experience. He looked for a businessman to go to Nanjing for Susan in the inn to help her deliver books and information. He took off Susan's fetters, put them on his back and let Susan go easily. He also said many words of comfort and encouragement to Susan. He also helped Su San write a confession and hid it in the torture cangue so that he could take it to Taiyuan court and give it to him when his master opened the cangue for hearing. Susan consciously went too far, calling justice a "great good man" and kowtowing in front of michel platini.
The relationship between Wang Sanzhi's son and Su San, after Su San's unjust case was solved, is said to have three endings: First, Wang Sanzhong was in love, rebelled against the feudal system, resigned, recognized Su San, and they went home to serve the people. Second, Wang San betrayed love, gave silver and Su San, and sent her back to Guangping's hometown. Susan regretted it and waited for a heartbroken person. After scolding, she hanged herself. Third, Wang San recognized Su San, and his official position changed. The two of them moved away from home in anonymity. A few years later, the court changed and the new owner opened a branch. Wang's third son took the official exam twice.
Lu Yu (733-804), whose name is Hung-chien, is a man and a disease, whose name is Jinglingzi, Sangzhuweng and Donggangzi. A native of Jingling, Fuzhou (now Tianmen, Hubei) in the Tang Dynasty. Lu Yu is good at tea ceremony, and is famous for the first monograph on tea science in the world, Tea Classic, and is called "Cha Sheng" by later generations.
Lu Yu turned out to be an abandoned orphan. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty (AD 735), one morning, Master Zhiji, the abbot of Jinling Longgai Temple, was walking on the shore of the West Lake when he suddenly heard a wild goose singing. He turned and looked around. Not far away, a flock of geese gathered together. He hurried to see an abandoned child, who was shivering under the wings of the wild goose. Master Zhiji recited Amitabha and quickly brought it back to the temple. Later, in order to clear his name, Zen master Zhiji took Yi as a divination and said, "Hung-chien is on the land, and his feathers can be used as an instrument." So I named him Lu, Yu and Hung-chien.
With the help of Zen master Zhiji, Lu Yu learned to read and write, recite Buddhist scriptures and cook tea and soup for Jigong. But he just refused to cut his hair and become a monk. In order to make Lu Yu obedient, Jiji tempered him with chores. Every day, he was asked to clean temples, clean toilets, or practice plastering walls with mud and building houses until he herded 120 cows. Hard as she was, Lu Yu refused to give in. At the age of eleven, he unexpectedly escaped from the temple and became an "actor" in a troupe. Lu Yu is witty and eloquent. Although he is ugly and has a stuttering problem, the clown he plays in the play is often welcomed by the audience. In the performance practice, Lu Yu also wrote three volumes of joke books called On Jokes.
In the fifth year of Tang Tianbao, that is, in 746 AD, Ricky was demoted and he came to Jingling to be a prince. The county magistrate asked the troupe to perform. After reading it, the satrap appreciated Lu Yu very much, so he summoned him, presented him with a book of poems, and introduced him to study at Zou Fuzi, Huomen Mountain in the northwest of Tianmen. In his spare time, Lu Yu often cooks tea for Zou Fuzi.
When Lu Yu was in her twenties, she traveled to Yiyang, Henan and Xia Chuan, Bashan, and heard and witnessed the tea production in Pengzhou, Mianzhou, Zhou Shu, Qiongzhou, Yazhou, Luzhou, Hangzhou and Meizhou, Sichuan. Later, he turned to Yichang and tasted Zhouxia tea and toad spring water. In the summer of 755 AD, Lu Yu returned to Jingling and settled in Donggang Village. In 756 AD, due to the Anshi Rebellion, refugees from Guanzhong flocked south, and Lu Yu also crossed the river. In his later years, he collected a large number of tea materials from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River Basin.
In 760 AD, he came to Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, and lived in Miaoxi Temple in Tuoshan with Jiao Ran, which became the turn of the year. At the same time, he met Che Ling, Ye Li, Meng Jiao, Zhang Hezhi, Liu Changqing and other famous monks. During this period, he made friends and wrote books, and collected and studied the tea history and production materials collected in the past.
In 765 AD, Lu Yu finally wrote the world's first monograph on tea, Tea Classic.
After the first draft of the Tea Classic was written, Lu Yu continued to visit and make tea in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and constantly revised and supplemented the Tea Classic. By 755 AD, the Book of Tea was finalized. The Book of Tea is a systematic summary of tea culture before and after the Tang Dynasty and a milestone in the history of tea production and tea culture in China. In the Song Dynasty, Chen Shidao commented in the Preface to Tea Classics: "The book of Fuzha tea was made from the beginning, applied to the world, and began from the beginning. Yucheng is also a good tea. "
Lu Yu not only made great contributions to summing up the experience of predecessors, but also practiced and was good at discovering good tea and identifying aquatic products. For example, the ancient bamboo and purple bamboo shoot tea in Changxing, Zhejiang Province was rated as the top grade by Lu Yu and became a tribute tea, which is famous for its emphasis on Beijing. Another example is Yangxian tea in Yixing. He felt fragrant and sweet after drinking it, ranking first in other places and directly recommending it as tribute tea. Lu distinguishes water, the water in the same river can distinguish the quality of different water sections, and he also divides the rivers and springs he passes into 20 grades. It also has a great influence on future generations.
Shortly after his death, Lu Yu's position in the tea industry gradually became prominent. Not only in production and tasting, but also in tea trade, people regard Lu Yu as a god. Anyone in the tea business uses ceramics to make a statue of Lu Yu for his home, which is considered to be beneficial to the tea trade.
After thousands of years, the academic research on tea initiated by Lu Yu is more complete, the research methods are more advanced, the research results are more abundant, and the tea culture is more extensive. Lu Yu's contribution is increasingly recognized by China and the world.
Lu Yu, Cha Sheng
Lu Yu, a native of the Tang Dynasty, was a famous tea expert in the history of China, known as "Cha Sheng" in history. He has been writing tea classics all his life and made great contributions to tea ceremony and tea culture. His life is full of desolation.
One morning in autumn that year, in the twenty-first year of Tang Kaiyuan (AD 733), the early monks in Longgai Temple near the West Lake heard the children crying from the rustling leaves. The monk walked into the reeds by the lake and saw some geese protecting a crying baby boy with their wings. These geese have protected abandoned babies, and their lives should not be lost. The monk picked up the boy and went back to the temple. This monk is Master Zhiji.
The little boy grew up in the temple day by day, but he didn't have a name yet, so he asked for a name for him. "Infinite longevity", when a sign is poured out of the divination box, it looks like a gradual divination. Hang said, "Hung-chien landed on land", which means that Hongyan gradually landed on the earth. The old Zen master named the children Lu, Yu and Hung-chien. The old Zen master thought: this divination proves that Hongyan Yu is really an act of god to protect him through the autumn morning!
Lu Yu, who has a name, is really happy. In Longgai Temple, there are not only beautiful scenery around Xizi Lake, but also chanting scriptures under yellow lanterns. How many dusk drums and early morning bells, day after day, make this teenager who doesn't know who his parents are feel imprisoned and helpless. Fortunately, soon after, the master sent him to Gong Li's home in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province to study. This should be a private school. Gong Li's daughter Li Jilan studies with him. In Gong Li's family, Lu Yu and Ji Lan studied poetry and painting together, played the piano and sang together, and were deeply influenced by Confucianism. Lu Yu learned to cook tea in Li's home, and she is good at cooking tea. In his spare time, he told him a lot about the legendary use of tea.
When Lu Yu was nine years old, he was transferred to Jiangnan. Lu Yu had to leave the Li family and return to Longgai Temple. In the temple, Zen master Zhiji taught him Sanskrit Buddhist scriptures to convert him to Buddhism, but Lu Yu, who had read the Four Books and Five Classics, was not interested in Buddhism. 1 1 years old, Lu Yu wandered around with a troupe.
In the troupe, Lu Yu gradually became a pillar and director on the stage. Later, he accepted the advice of Li Zhi, the prefect of Jingling, and studied Confucianism under Zou Shu, a famous minister. Besides reading poetry books, he often goes to the mountains to collect wild tea and cook it for Zou Shu. Zou Fuzi is very appreciative of Lu Yu's tea-making skills. Lu Yu has become a minor celebrity in Jingling area.
Five years later, Cui Guo Fu was demoted to Jingling Sima. Cui Guo Fu was the number one scholar in the 14th year of Kaiyuan. He was warm and generous and upright. At this time, Cui Guo Fu was seventy years old. After getting to know Lu Yu, they soon became friends who forgot to make friends. Lu Yu's poems have made great progress under the guidance of Cui. However, in Lu Yu's mind, it is still tea. In the 14th year of Tianbao (AD 755), 22-year-old Lu Yu bid farewell to her teacher and started a tea trip with beautiful scenery.
Lu Yu visited Henan, Hubei, Jiangxi and other places, then crossed the river to the south, visited the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River basin, and collected information on the growth environment of tea trees and a large number of tea picking and tea making schemes. In the second year of Shangyuan, Lu Yu came to Huzhou, Zhejiang Province to visit the poet Jiao Ran, and they hit it off at once. Since then, Lu Yu has settled in Tiaoxi, Huzhou. Jiao Ran is the host of Miaoxi Temple in the southern suburbs of Huzhou. They often talk about poetry, taste tea and sing while making tea. Jiao Ran has a poem about looking for Lu Yu:
He moved his home to the city wall and the country road to Sang Ma Square. Although autumn has come, the purple-backed anemone, a recent species, has not yet blossomed. There was no barking at the door and he asked to ask his neighbors in the west. Report to Dashan and don't come back until sunset.
According to this poem, Liu Yu lives in seclusion outside the city, and his home is in a secluded Sang Ma, close to autumn chrysanthemums and bamboo fences. He is often away from home, visiting tea ceremony and traveling around. This poem was later included in Three Hundred Tang Poems.
In the second year of Baoying (763), Lu Yu went to Suzhou and visited Liu Changqing with Jiao Ran. The three of them traveled all over Tiger Hill, and Lu Yu tasted Guanyin Spring in Jianchi, and wrote "The Fifth Spring in the World: Several Chinese Characters".
In Huishan, Wuxi, the spring water is colorless, transparent, sweet and delicious. Lu Yu praised it as "the second spring in the world" after tasting it. In memory of him, the local people built a reed temple on the spring water.
Lu Yu is obsessed with tea affairs, not seeking fame and fortune, and has no intention of career. He has always been a civilian in the tea village of Shan Ye, and has won the respect of his friends. They all call him Lou. Judging from the whole Tang poetry, there are fifty or sixty people involved in Lu Yu's poems. He is not an official, and celebrities want to make friends with him. This was the ethos of that year and a sign of peace. As Confucius said, "If virtue is not alone, there must be neighbors." Lu Yu's Book of Tea was written in the home of Yan Zhenqing, a great calligrapher.
In his thirties, Lu Yu is still alone. In fact, there is a figure haunting his mind. She is Li Jilan, the daughter of a childhood classmate and teacher.
One day, there was a poetry meeting in Kaiyuan Temple, where scholars and scholars gathered together, and Lu Yu was among them. While drinking tea and writing poems, Jiao Ran came.
"Lu Yu, I want you to meet a new friend." Jiao Ran pulled a dignified Taoist priest in and said, "Her name is Ye Li, and her nickname is Ji Lan ..."
Before I finished, I saw four people's eyes froze. They stared at each other for a long time and called out each other's names. When I first heard your last name, I really thought you were a stranger, but the name was still acceptable. It can be said that I remember my childhood and shed tears for each other. Ye Li and Lu Yu both shed bitter tears. After more than 20 years of separation, it is hard for outsiders to imagine the ups and downs, joys and sorrows.
Facts have proved that Ye Li is also a person born with bad karma. That year, my father returned to the south with his family and died of illness soon after long-term treatment. Since then, my family has been poor, my mother became depressed and sick, and she gave up. Poor Ye Li had no money to bury his mother, so he had to sell himself into slavery. Later, Ye Li was sold to a brothel as a geisha. After several storms and twists and turns, it entered the Kaiyuan concept.
Today, two lovers can finally be together. At that time, it was very common for Taoist priests to return to nature. In the future, they will either drink tea and fight poems with their poetry friends or go sightseeing together. This is the happiest time in their life together.
Ye Li is ill, and Lu Yu takes care of her every day. She went back late at night and came to see her in the thick fog in the morning. Ye Liyou has a poem that says:
It used to be cold, but now it's cold and foggy. I was still sick when I met you, so I wanted to cry first. He advised the monks to drink and sang poems to thank the guests. I accidentally got drunk, and ...
Obviously, Ye knows Lu Yu's infatuation, but she always thinks she is an empty Taoist, and her miserable life makes her feel guilty and helpless. So in the face of desire, she cried first and was only drunk.
While they were wandering between emotion and secularity, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty heard that Li was very famous, so he called her into the palace. A couple of mandarin ducks just left.
Time flies, and in a blink of an eye, in the fifth year of Zhenyuan (789), Lu Yu lived in Shangrao, Jiangxi. He opened up tea gardens, dug wells to hide springs and made tea. At the same time, the poet Meng Jiao frequented here. Later, Meng Jiao wrote a very good poem "Ode to a Wanderer": the thread in the hand of a loving mother makes clothes for her wayward son. Before leaving, I had a stitch for fear that my son would come back late and his clothes would be damaged. Who can say that a filial child like the weak can repay his mother's love like the sunshine in spring?
In the winter of the twentieth year of Zhenyuan (804), Lu Yu died in Qingtang, Huzhou at the age of 7 1 year. Lu Yu and his good friend Jiao Ran were also buried in Jue Mountain, Huzhou. Both the Jiao Ran Tower and Liu Yu's Tomb are located in the Miao Feng Temple in Yishan. Since then, literati have come to pay their respects every year. Later generations admire him not only because he wrote the Book of Tea, but also because of his seclusion and perseverance. He was admired and loved by people who conquered him, so he was a saint.