"wrap flowers". In some areas, the fifteenth day of the first month is the end of the New Year, and the thirtieth day of the first month is the "off-year".
Tujia people-from two days before the first day of the first lunar month, the first day is called New Year, and the second day is called Small Year. On New Year's Eve, every family lit a log, and everyone sat around and listened to the old man telling stories and stayed up until dawn. During the festival, we eat "red yeast fish" to symbolize wealth, and we also eat braised dishes in large pots, which are called combined dishes. A "wave dance" was held in the third grade, with as many as ten thousand participants. In addition, there are dragon lanterns, lion dances, lantern festivals, dramas, martial arts and other activities.
Zhuang nationality-from the 31th to the 2nd day of the first month, * * * three days. Anyone who works outside must go home before thirty. On New Year's Eve, everyone kills chickens and ducks, steamed pork, powdered refined meat, and made barbecued pork. There are eight courses for dinner, including "boiled chicken" and stewed whole chicken. Every family should stay up until midnight, set off firecrackers and go to bed. On the first day and the second day of the first month, all visitors must eat zongzi, which has stuffing and is made of peeled mung beans and half-fat and not-thin meat mixed with sauce on it. Men and women are more likely to sing songs at this time, or play top, dance, match the ball and act.
Dulong people-Dulong people who live in Gongshan County, Nujiang, Yunnan Province, take the first snow land closure between October 2 every year as the beginning of the year. Because there is no fixed time, it is decided by the patriarch's date, usually 3 to 5 days. During the festival, families invite each other, have friendly exchanges and hold entertainment activities at the same time.
Hani people-every two years. One is October Festival, and the other is June Festival. The calendar of the Hani nationality begins in October, which is the "New Year". On Chinese New Year's Day, people visit relatives and friends and get engaged. During the "June Festival", sacrifices were sacrificed to worship ancestors, and cultural and sports activities such as swinging, wrestling and singing folk songs were carried out.
Kaduo people (branch of Hani nationality)-Kaduo people in Xinping County, Yunnan Province, celebrate the Chinese New Year on the sixth day of the first lunar month. Legend has it that the brave young people of Kaduo in ancient times went out to fight in order to resist foreign aggression, leaving a message when they left, and their new life began the day they returned home. After the war, because of the long journey, they didn't go home until the sixth day of the new year. Hometown people set this day as the beginning of a new year. During the Chinese New Year, they killed pigs and sheep and danced with great encouragement to celebrate.
Pumi people-Pumi people in the northwest Yunnan Plateau usually celebrate the sixth day of the twelfth lunar month. On New Year's Eve, each village should fire three rounds of artillery and blow conchs. Then the family get together to eat glutinous rice.
Lemo people (the appellation of Bai nationality)-mainly living in Bijiang County, Yunnan Province, have their own methods to calculate festivals, and the dates of Spring Festival are also different. For example, peach blossoms are called March, and sumac trees are called May when their leaves are about five inches. As a result of this calculation, a year is thirteen months, and March is called March Festival, which is equivalent to the Chinese New Year.
Jinuo people-Jinuo people in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan call June of the Gregorian calendar the New Year's Month. Singers take turns to sing songs to each other, and when they lose, they leave a piece of Baotou cloth, and then go to the next year. Every night during the Chinese New Year, the old people and women are encouraged while tasting wine and food. Young men and women take this opportunity to make love and find their own lovers.
Gelao people-the third day of March in the lunar calendar is the Spring Festival of the Gelao people every year. Because they live in a place with low temperature, the vegetation does not begin to sprout until March and spring. On the occasion of this busy spring ploughing, everyone will get together for the New Year, and pray for the blessing of our ancestors and mountain gods, all the best, and a bumper harvest. And because Tomb-Sweeping Day is often around the beginning of March, so the two festivals are spent together, so this day is designated as the year of Gelao, that is, the Spring Festival.
Yao nationality-the half-moon festival in the seventh month of the lunar calendar is the most solemn festival for Yao people every year-Spring Festival. On the eve of the half-moon festival, every household is very busy, and horns and laughter are everywhere inside and outside the village.
Han nationality-On the first day of the Lunar New Year, people don't sweep the floor, throw water outside, go through the back door, beat and scold children, and congratulate each other on the auspicious and prosperous New Year.
Manchu-When the Chinese New Year is approaching, every family cleans the courtyard, and stick grilles, couplets and blessings are written. On the thirtieth day of the twelfth lunar month, every family erected a lantern pole more than six meters high. From the first day to the sixteenth day, the red light was hung high every day. It's better to wrap jiaozi in New Year's Eve, and pay attention to pleats. When you cook jiaozi, some of them are wrapped in copper coins, and those who eat it have good luck. Worship twice in the Spring Festival and once in the evening of New Year's Eve to bid farewell to the old year; Worship again on the first day of the new year to welcome the new year. Before the Spring Festival, there will be competitions such as vault and camel jumping. There is also a lantern festival on the fifteenth day of the first month.
Koreans-every family sticks Spring Festival couplets, cooks all kinds of sumptuous meals and eats "eight treasures rice". On New Year's Eve, the whole family stays up all night, playing gayageum and playing the flute. At the dawn of the first day, people put on festive costumes to pay New Year greetings to their elders. During the festival, men, women and children indulge in singing and dancing, pressing springboard and tug of war. On the fifteenth night of the first month, a traditional celebration gathering was held. Several elected old people boarded the wooden "moon-gazing frame", accompanied by long drums, flutes and suona singing and dancing.
Oroqen-On New Year's Eve, the whole family sits around and has dinner. Tasting delicacies, drinking wine and eating New Year's dinner. Young people salute and kowtow to their families and close relatives and elders. At midnight, people hold birch bark boxes or iron boxes around the stables several times, praying for the prosperity of the six animals. On the first day of junior high school, I pay New Year greetings to each other in new clothes. Young men and women get together to dance in groups. There are hunting dances, "red fruit" dances and "black bear fighting" dances.
Hezhe people-on New Year's Eve, everyone is busy cooking New Year's dinner, cutting window grilles and pasting lanterns. On the first day of junior high school, girls, women and children put on new clothes embroidered with clouds, went to relatives and friends' homes to pay New Year greetings, and entertained guests with a "fish feast". Raw fish with hot and sour flavor, crispy "fried fish hair" and salmon seeds. Folk poets offer poems and tell stories to people. Women play "touch the paste" and "throw bones". Teenagers compete in skiing, skating, shooting grass targets, and crossing the grass.
Mongolians eat jiaozi and set off firecrackers in Wugeng, just like Han people. In addition, we should eat "hand-held meat" on New Year's Eve to show family reunion. In the early morning of the first day of junior high school, the younger generation offered a "farewell drink" to their elders. Then the young men and women got on the horses and rode on the yurts, kowtowing to their elders first, then drinking and dancing, and then the men and women took advantage of this opportunity to hold horse races.
Naxi people-people visit relatives and friends in the first month of the first lunar month, and take turns to be guests. Young and middle-aged men organize lantern festivals and compete with other villages. Cities and villages all hold lantern festivals, which show their own national stories, such as Aniumei Joking, The Old Birthday, The Night Pearl of Social Opera, The Lion Rolling the Hydrangea, The Phoenix Dance and so on.
Tibetans-On New Year's Eve, a grand "God Jumping Meeting" is held. People wear masks, singing and dancing to show that they can get rid of the old and welcome the new, eliminate evil and bring down happiness.
Yi people-during the Spring Festival, people gather and dance "A Xi jumps over the moon". In some villages, men take the responsibility of fetching water and cooking on the first day of the New Year's Day, so as to give women a rest, in order to express their sympathy for their hard work for one year.
Miao people-call the Spring Festival "Hakka Year", and every family slaughters pigs and sheep, and bakes wine to celebrate the harvest. I hope that the weather will be good and the crops will be plentiful in the coming year. It is also necessary to sing "Song of Spring", with lyrics to the effect of longing for spring, longing for spring, cherishing spring and holding spring.
Bai people-Bai people worship each other and give gifts from New Year's Eve. New Year's Eve vigil. After midnight, young men and women rushed to fetch water to show their diligence. In the morning, the whole family drinks sugar water soaked with rice flowers to wish a sweet life. Everyone may visit places of interest together, or play dragon lanterns, dance lions and beat the overlord whip.
Zhuang nationality —— On New Year's Eve, a fire will be lit on every family's fireplace, and it will not go out all night, which is called "welcome fire". Folk custom is to wrap zongzi for the Spring Festival. During the festival, we will also organize a variety of national cultural and sports activities to celebrate, such as singing "tea picking", dancing lion dragons, carrying pole dances, making gongs, playing top, playing ball games and performing local operas.
Jing people-on the first day of junior high school, they should take incense sticks and burn them at the well, which is called "buying fresh water". On the first day of junior high school, Tibetan women have to carry back "auspicious water" from the river. It is believed that the new water in the first day of junior high school can bring good news and good luck, and can keep good luck for a year.
Dongxiang people-they like to have earth wars during the Spring Festival to show their love for the land where they raised themselves.
Qiang people-every household should make all kinds of fried flour calves, lambs, chickens and other sacrifices to worship ancestors and gods. During the Chinese New Year, everyone will sit around the altar, and the oldest person will sing "Opening the Altar", and then suck the wine from left to right with a straw about two feet long.
Ewenki people-on the first day of the first month, they pay New Year greetings to each other, especially to their elders and relatives. On the first night of New Year's Day, men, women and children gather in a big house to have fun. Generally, the elderly call this entertainment party, and the women start dancing or singing first, and then everyone dances regardless of gender.
Daur people-on the first day of the first month, women prepare breakfast at dawn, and men burn incense and worship the gods, praying for peace and prosperity from the gods and gods. After the worship, they toast their elders and kowtow to accept the old man's greetings. After eating dumplings and putting on new clothes, close relatives of men and women gather together and are led by the elders to carry out various entertainment activities according to their seniority.
Hani people-women are busy making Ciba on New Year's Eve, and young people go up the mountain to cut bamboo and build a swing. No matter men, women and children, they all like to play on swings during the Spring Festival.
Buyi people-On New Year's Eve, the whole family sits around the fireplace and stays up all night. At the dawn of the New Year's Day, the girls rushed to the river to fetch water. Whoever picked the water first was the most hardworking and happy person, which also heralded a good year.
Yao nationality-during the festival, people get together and watch the funny and unique "farming drama". One person plays the role of cow, one person plays the role of plow farmer, one person plays the role of expanding hoe farmer, and three people dance and sing to celebrate the bumper harvest of agriculture; Young men and women gather on the lawn around the village, playing lusheng, playing yueqin, singing folk songs and looking for the right person.
Jingpo nationality-held a "shooting" competition during the Spring Festival. On the morning of the first day of junior high school, people gathered in the stadium. The girls hung their embroidered purses on the top of bamboo poles. The shooter hit the thin thread hanging the purses to be a sharpshooter, and the girls awarded the sharpshooter a bowl of sweet rice wine.
Lahu nationality-the first to fifteenth day of the first lunar month every year is the "Tower Expansion" festival of Lahu nationality in Yunnan (Spring Festival in Lahu language). On New Year's Eve, every household should make glutinous rice cakes symbolizing the sun, the moon and the stars, offering sacrifices to the sun, the moon and the stars, hoping that the weather will be good and the crops will be plentiful in the new year. From the first day to the fourth day, young men and women rushed to the spring to meet the new water symbolizing purity and happiness. At the same time, take gifts to visit relatives and friends.
Spring Festival for ethnic minorities
Kirgiz-When it appears in the first month of each year, Kirgiz people celebrate the "Norozi" Festival, which is very similar to the Spring Festival of the Han nationality. During the holidays, each family will make a sumptuous meal according to its own ability and treat each other to celebrate. On the night of the festival, when the herds came back from the pasture, a fire was made with Achnatherum splendens in front of each yurt. People jumped over it first, and then the livestock jumped over it, which indicated that disasters would be eliminated and problems would be solved. In the new year, people and animals would flourish.
Buyi people-at the end of the twelfth lunar month, every household smokes meat, fills sausages, bakes wine, makes glutinous rice Baba and popcorn, and sews new clothes and handkerchiefs. On the 23 rd of the twelfth lunar month, maltose and other fruits were sent to the kitchen god. Please write a pair, stick a door to the gods and New Year pictures. On the thirtieth night, the whole family, old and young, sat around the fire, first offering sacrifices to their ancestors' heaven and earth, and then the whole family blessed each other and had a reunion dinner. On New Year's Day, lanterns are tied at home, lit together at night and hung at the gate. After the first day of junior high school, people began to visit New Year. Young men and women meet to "watch" and express their love with songs; Or get together to dance Mongolian with the accompaniment of suona, yueqin, dong Xiao, sister Xiao and bronze drum. On New Year's Eve, the family sits around the stove in the bag and feasts on roast leg of lamb and boiled dumplings after offering "farewell wine" to the elders.
Gaoshan people-Gaoshan people in Taiwan Province have the custom of eating "long-year dishes". Long-term vegetables are also called "mustard greens", which indicates a long life. Some people add long vermicelli to long-term dishes, symbolizing immortality.
Manchu —— The family banquet on the 31th anniversary is very rich and grand. The staple foods are glutinous rice flour or jiaozi, baked wheaten cake, bean curd, etc. Traditional Chinese New Year's dishes include delicious blood sausage, boiled white meat and pickled white meat with unique style, and fish dishes, which symbolize good luck, are even more essential. I also have to eat a fresh meat dumpling to send the old and welcome the new.
Zhuang people-cook meals for the whole day on the first day of the New Year's Eve to show a bumper harvest in the coming year. This kind of rice is called "Zongba", and some of them are more than a foot long and weigh five or six pounds.
Lahu people make glutinous rice cakes every New Year's Eve, and one pair of them is said to be very big, symbolizing the sun and the moon, so as to wish a good weather and fruitful new year.
Dong people-in the early morning of the first day, they get some big and fresh carp from the pond, fry them, burn them, stew them, put them on the table, and add a plate of fragrant pickled fish. The whole table is mainly fish. Dong people say that eating fish in the Spring Festival augurs that there will be plenty of fish in the new year, abundant crops and surplus money and grain.
Li nationality-during the Spring Festival, every family kills pigs and chickens, prepares delicious food and wine, and the whole family sits around eating "New Year's dinner" and sings "New Year's songs" during the dinner. On the first or second day of the Lunar New Year, people hunt in groups. The prey comes first to the first shooter who hits the prey, and the remaining half is shared equally. Pregnant women can get two copies of the prey.
Jingpo people-during the Spring Festival, every family makes water wine and toasts their elders.
Daur people-live on both sides of Heilongjiang and Nenjiang River. On New Year's Eve, rice cakes are steamed with yellow rice. In the early morning of the first day of the lunar new year, people who visit each other grab rice cakes as soon as they enter the door, so as to pray for a better life every year.
The Wa people-when they meet for the first time in the New Year, they not only congratulate each other, but also give glutinous rice balls, sugar cane and plantain to wish their family life harmony, sweetness and beauty.
Tujia nationality —— On the family reunion dinner table, there must be lumps of meat and mixed dishes.
Uygur-New Year's feast foods include: Puluo made of rice, mutton and raisins, Pitier Manda (steamed stuffed bun) made of flour, mutton and onion, Gexi (hand-grabbed mutton) cooked with bone, and Lanman (dough). In addition, there are a variety of traditional ethnic cakes and snacks, such as "Aisim Sanza" (disc dumplings), "Yayimaza" (lace dumplings), "Bohusak" (fried jipi), "Shamubosa" (fried zygote) and "Kayikeka" (fried food with different colors).
Tibetans-treat guests with highland barley wine, butter tea and cakes during the Spring Festival.