1. Wang Ziyu's Classical Chinese Essays and Translations, and Translations of Wenju's Wonderful Answers

When Kong Wenju was ten years old, he went to Luo with his father. At that time, Li Yuanli was well-known and was the captain of the Sili school. All the people in his family were talented people.

Qingzhi and his cousins ????were Naitong. When Wen Ju came to the door, he called the official and said, "I am a relative of Mr. Li's family." Having passed the meeting, he sat in front of him. Yuan Li asked: "What is the relationship between you and your servant?" He replied: "In the past, your ancestor Zhongni and your ancestor Boyang had the honor of being teachers, so this servant and you have always been on good terms." Yuan Li asked. The guests are all surprised. Chen Wei, the Taizhong doctor, arrived later and was informed by his words. Wei said: "When you are young, it may not be better when you are older!" Wenju said: "If you miss me when you are young, you must be a child!"

Let’s first talk about the names in it: Kong Wenju is Kong Rong, and the Kong Rong who gave the pear to Kong Rong is a descendant of Confucius. Zhongni is Confucius. Boyang is Lao Tzu. My surname is Li, his name is Li Er, and his courtesy name is Boyang. Let me translate it below:

When Kong Rong was ten years old, he followed his father to Luoyang. At that time, Li Yuanli was well-known in Luoyang and was the captain of the Sili school. The people who visited his home were all outstanding people or relatives, so I can inform you. Kong Rong came to the door of his house and said to the doorkeeper: "I am a relative of your master." After entering, the guests and hosts took their seats. Li Yuanli asked: "How are you and I related?" Kong Rong replied: "Back then I My ancestor Confucius and your ancestor Li Er had a master-disciple relationship, so you and I are family friends." (It is said that Confucius once asked Laozi about courtesy, so Kong Rong said this) Yuanli and other guests were amazed. . Taizhong doctor Chen Wei arrived later and did not hear Kong Rong's words, so someone told him. Chen Wei said: "You were smart when you were a child, but you may not be good when you grow up." Kong Rong said: "You must have been very smart when you were a child." Chen Wei was very ashamed.

This story comes from "Shishuoxinyu". It's not translated well, so just read it.

Original text

Prince You lives in the shade of a mountain. It snows heavily at night. He sleeps and opens his room. He drinks wine and looks around at the bright sky. Because of his hesitation, he chanted Zuo Si's "Poem of Zhao Yin" and suddenly recalled Dai An's way. When I wear it in Shan, I even take a boat there at night. After passing through the place, he arrived and returned without building the gate. When people asked him why, the king said: "I was traveling in pleasure and returned when my excitement was over. Why should I see Dai?"

Translation

Wang Ziyou lived in Shanyin. One night it was snowing heavily. He woke up, opened the window and ordered his servant to pour wine. Seeing the bright moonlight on all sides, he felt wandering and began to chant Zuo Si's "Poem for Zhao Yin". Suddenly I missed Diane. At that time, Dai Kui was far away in Shan County on the upper reaches of the Cao'e River, so he immediately took a small boat to go there overnight. It took a whole night to arrive, but when he arrived in front of Dai Kui's house, he turned around and returned. Someone asked him why he was like this. Wang Ziyou said: "I went there in a hurry, but when my interest was gone, I returned naturally. Why did I have to see Dai Kui?" 2. "Wang Ziyou" in "Shishuo Xinyu" Explanation of the story

Translation of "Wang Zi You's Visit to Dai at Snow Night" in "Shi Shuo Xin Yu": Wang Zi You once temporarily stayed in someone else's empty house, and then asked his family to plant bamboo.

Someone asked him: "Why bother to stay here temporarily?" Wang Ziyou whistled and chanted for a long time, then pointed to the bamboo and said: "How can I live without this gentleman for a day!" Wang Ziyou Lives in Shanyin County. One night it snowed heavily. He woke up, opened the door and asked his family to bring him wine.

Looking in all directions, everything was bright and clear, so he got up and wandered around, reciting Zuo Si's poem "Zhao Yin". Suddenly he remembered Dai Jiadao, who lived in Shan County at that time, and he immediately took a boat overnight to go to Dai's house.

The boat traveled all night before arriving. When it arrived at the door of Dai's house, it returned the same way without going in. When others asked him why, Wang Ziyou said: "I went there in a moment of interest, and came back when the interest was gone. Why do I have to see Diane?" General Wang Hui of the Wei said: "Wine just brings people together." Such a wonderful state."

Wang Ziyou took a boat to Beijing, but it was still anchored at the dock and did not go ashore. I had heard that Huan Ziye was good at playing the flute, but I didn't know him.

At this time, Huan Ziye was passing by the shore. Wang Ziyou was in the boat and heard a guest who knew Huan Ziye say that it was Huan Ziye. Wang Ziyou then sent someone to pass a message to Huan Ziye on his behalf, saying, "I heard that you are good at playing the flute. Please play a piece for me."

Huan Ziye had already become a high official at that time. Having heard of Wang Ziyou's reputation, he immediately turned around and got out of the car, got on the boat and sat on the horse, and played three pieces of music for Wang Ziyou. After finishing playing, he got in the car and left.

The host and guest did not exchange a word. The original text of "Wang Ziyou Visits Dai in the Snow at Night": Wang Ziyou wanted to live in an empty house temporarily, so he ordered bamboo to be planted.

Someone may ask: "Why bother to stay temporarily?" Wang Xiaoyong chanted for a long time, pointed at the bamboo and said: "How can I live without this king for a day?". I drank wine and looked around brightly. Because of the hesitation, I chanted Zuo Si Zhao Yin's poem.

Suddenly I remembered Dai Andao. When I wear it in Shan, I even take a boat there at night.

After passing through the place, I arrived, but I didn’t build the door and returned. When people asked why, the king said: "I was traveling in pleasure and came back after my excitement was exhausted. Why should I see Dai?" Wang Weijun said: "Wine is attracting people to the scenic spot."

When Wang Ziyou left the capital, Shang Under Nagisa. I heard in the past that Huanzi was good at playing the flute, but I didn't know him.

When I met Huan passing by on the shore, the king was in the boat. Someone who knew him said: "This is Huan Ziye." Play it for me."

Huan Shi was already a noble man, and he had always heard the name of the king. He even got out of the car and sat on the bed to perform three tunes. After finishing it, I got in the car.

The host and guest did not exchange a word with each other. In the article "Wang Zi You visits Dai at night in the snow", Wang Zi You's shocking and vulgar behavior, which has no practical effect but is based on whim, very clearly reflects the "Wei and Jin style" advocated by the scholars at that time. , regardless of shape, has the effect of seeing the whole leopard at a glance.

It can be seen that Wang Ziyou is a person with a free and easy temperament and acts spontaneously. Sleeping, opening a room, drinking wine, appreciating the snow, chanting poems, riding a boat, building a door, suddenly returning, answering questions, a series of dynamic details of Wang Ziyou are all vivid in my mind. Although the words are simple and concise, the form and spirit are vivid. The charm is vivid.

Note: Wang Huizhi (338 AD - 386 AD), courtesy name Ziyou, was a famous scholar and calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the fifth son of Wang Xizhi. He once served as a charioteer in the army, as a Grand Sima in the army, and as a minister of Huangmen. However, he was arrogant and unrestrained by nature and was not enthusiastic about official duties. He often traveled east and west. Later, he simply resigned and lived in Shanyin (today's Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province). .

His calligraphy has been evaluated as "Huizhi has gained his (Wang Huizhi's) power", and later generations passed down his calligraphy, such as "Cheng's Sister-in-law's Illness Unabated" and "New Moon Calligraphy". 3. Translation of Wang Ziyou's Look at Bamboo

Wang Ziyou was traveling through Wuzhong and saw that a scholar-official's house had very good bamboo. The Lord knew that Ziyou was going there, so he swept the facilities, listened to things, and sat down to treat each other. Wang Jianyu walked under the bamboo path and whistled for a long time. He was disappointed and still wanted to get through, so he wanted to go out. The master was so upset that he ordered the people to close the door and not hear anything. The king rewarded his master with this, but he stayed and sat there, enjoying himself and then left.

Wang Ziyou once went to another place and passed by Wuzhong. He knew that a scholar-bureaucrat's family had a very good bamboo garden. The owner of the bamboo garden already knew that Wang Ziyou would go, so he made arrangements and sat in the main hall to wait for him. But Wang Ziyou came to the bamboo forest in a sedan chair and chanted and whistled for a long time. The master was already disappointed and hoped that he would send someone to inform him when he returned, but he had to go out all the time. The master couldn't bear it, so he asked his men to close the door and prevent him from going out. As a result, Wang Ziyou appreciated his master even more, so he stayed and sat down, enjoying himself for a while before leaving.

······································

< p> Talking about the world: There are thousands of novel websites, there is always one suitable for you. Talking about the world 4. Full text translation of Wang Ziyou's residence in Shanyin

Original text: Wang Ziyou lived in Shanyin (today's Shaoxing, Zhejiang). It snowed heavily at night, fell asleep, opened a room, and ordered to drink wine.

Looking around is bright, because of hesitation. Chanting the poem "Zhao Yin" by Zuo Si.

Suddenly I remembered Dai Andao (Dai Kui, Zi Andao). He wore it in Shan at that time, even if he took a small boat to get there at night. After passing through the place, he arrived and returned without building the gate.

When people asked him why, the king said: "I was traveling in pleasure and came back after my pleasure was over, why should I see Dai?" When he woke up, he opened the bedroom door and ordered the servant to pour wine. Seeing everything is white.

So he felt hesitant and began to recite Zuo Si's "Poem of Zhaoyin", and suddenly missed Dai Andao. Dai Andao was in Shan County at that time, so he immediately took a boat overnight to visit him.

After arriving all night, he turned around and returned when he arrived in front of Dai An's house without going in. Someone asked him why he was like this. Wang Ziyou said, "I went there in a hurry, but when I lost my interest, I returned naturally. Why did I have to meet Diane?" Wang Ziyou once temporarily stayed in someone else's empty house, and then asked his family to plant bamboo.

Someone asked him: "Why bother to stay here temporarily?" Wang Ziyou whistled and sang for a long time, then pointed to the bamboo and said: "How can we live without this gentleman for a day!" " "The Prince You Reside in Shanyin" Wang Huizhi got up in the middle of the night to recite Zuo Si's poem "Zhao Yin" because of insomnia. After feeling emotional, he thought of Dai Andao, who was living in seclusion and was not an official, so he took a boat at night to see him. The enthusiasm for poetry was almost gone, so I made a door and returned from the original route.

The saying "go when you are excited and return when your excitement is exhausted" is not rigidly adhered to. 5. Ancient Chinese < > Translation.

Wang said that at that time Dai Kui was far away in Shan County on the upper reaches of the Cao'e River. He was ordered to drink wine and returned naturally. When he arrived in front of Dai Kui's house, he turned around and returned. "

It can be seen from "Prince Youxue's Night Visit to Dai" that he was hesitant. Looking around, there was a bright white sky. It snowed heavily at night, and I returned home exhausted:

Wang Ziyou lived in the shade of the mountain and ordered his servant to pour wine. Wang Ziyou said. Look around. Someone asked him why he was like this, wandering slowly. Suddenly he thought of Dai Kui and stood up. Suddenly recalling Dai An, he woke up from his sleep. It took a night to arrive, why must I see Dai Kui? Even if he arrived in a small boat at night, it snowed heavily at night, he immediately took a small boat to go there overnight, recited Zuo Si's "Poem of Zhaoyin", made the door and returned without going forward, falling asleep. , chanting Zuo Si's "Poem of Zhaoyin", opening the window: "I am traveling in the mood:

Wang Ziyou lives in Shanyin, open a room?"

Translation. Arrive after passing by.

People asked him why: "I originally went there in a fit of interest." When Zhongyong was five years old, he had never seen any reading and writing tools. His father was surprised and asked for these things, so he borrowed them from a neighbor and wrote four poems at once. He wrote his own name on it. This poem was about supporting his parents and uniting his clan members, and it was sent to all the scholars in the township to watch. People in the same county felt strange about Zhong Yong, and began to treat his father like a guest. Some people used money and gifts to ask for Zhong Yong's poems. His father wanted to do this and forced Zhong Yong to visit his fellow county people every day. People in the county are not allowed to study.

I have heard about this for a long time. During the Ming Dynasty, I followed my father back to my hometown and saw him at my uncle's house. He was twelve or thirteen years old. The poem could no longer match the previous rumors. Another seven years later, when I returned from Yangzhou, I went to my uncle's house again and asked about Zhongyong. He replied: "Zhongyong's special features have disappeared and he has become an ordinary person." . ”

Mr. Wang said: Zhongyong’s ability to understand and understand is innate. His talent is much higher than that of ordinary talented people. He eventually became an ordinary person because he was not affected by acquired talents. Education. People like him, who are naturally smart and talented, do not receive acquired education and still want to become ordinary people; then, now those who are not born smart and are ordinary people do not receive acquired education. I'm afraid it's impossible to become an ordinary person, right?

The original text of "Shang Zhongyong" in classical Chinese:

Fang Zhongyong, a citizen of Jinxi, was born in Shiligeng (the author explained Fang Zhongyong's birthplace, name, and Identity and family background.) In the fifth year of Zhongsheng's life (this was an imaginary year, he was actually four years old), he didn't know the writing utensils, so he asked his father for help, so he borrowed it from a nearby place and wrote four poems for himself. Name. His poems/In order to support parents and collect clans (Zheng Xuan's note in "Rites and Mourning Clothes": "The one who collects clans means farewell to relatives and strangers, and the preface is Zhao Mu." Kong Yingda Zhengyi in "Book of Rites·Da Zhuan": "'The story of collecting clans. If the ancestral temple is strict, if the clansmen are scattered and their flesh and blood are separated, then the ancestral temple will not be solemn; if they are collected, the relatives will not be separated and the family will be respected, and the ancestral temple will be dignified." Therefore, the meaning of "collecting the clan" is. : To unite the clansmen in order of respect, distance and closeness, so that they will not be separated. Fang Zhongyong’s test writing is "to adopt parents and adopt clans". "Raising parents" is the expression of "supporting" and "accomplishing clans". , is an expression of "unity". It was remarkable in the feudal era that a five-year-old child had such ambitions. Therefore, it is no wonder that people not only praised it, but also sent this poem to the local scholars. Let them make the assessment.) means "a township scholar" (in the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was a term for ordinary scholars, which was different from the students who passed the county examination in the Ming and Qing dynasties. "One Township" refers to the whole township. This sentence It should be understood that it is to be read by all the scholars in the township, not just for a certain scholar. It refers to writing poems about objects (that is, "poetry about objects"). In the past, when children were trained to write poems, they often designated an object as the title. , which requires not only describing the characteristics of the object but also expressing certain thoughts and feelings in the poem, is the starting point for poetry writing). , or begging for money. The father is interested in this, and Zhongyong pays homage to the people in the city, not to let him learn. This refers to Fang Zhongyong.)

I have heard about it for a long time. ". This is the name given to his late father. Note: Wang Anshi's father's name was Yi, and his courtesy name was Huizhi. In the eighth year of Tiansheng (1030), he knew Shaozhou (now Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province) as the Prime Minister of the Palace. Three years later, he resigned as Ding You. When he returned home, Wang Anshi (who was 13 years old at the time) accompanied him. According to this, it was in the second year of Mingdao (1033) and the second year of Baoyuan (1039) that Wang Yi died in Tongfanzhang in Jiangning (now Jiangsu Province). Wang Anshi wrote this article in the third year of Qingli (1043), so it was called "ancestor". He saw it at his uncle's house when he was twelve or thirty years old. (The sentence is omitted. The object of "Ling" is omitted, it should be " "Let him write poetry", "Qi" refers to Fang Zhongyong. ) cannot be said to have been heard in the past. Seven years later, he returned from Yangzhou and went to his uncle's house to ask about it. He said: "Everyone is gone."

The prince (referring to Wang Anshi) said: Zhongyong's enlightenment is received by heaven. The heaven that accepts it is that the wise are far away from the talented people. If the death is for everyone, then it will not be suffered by others. (The reason why he finally became an ordinary person is that the education he received was not adequate.) He was so virtuous because of the heaven that he received. He was a virtuous person who was not accepted by the people. But now he is not accepted by the heaven and consolidates the people. And if you don’t accept it, you have to do it for everyone? 7. The style of the Wei and Jin Dynasties reflected in Wang Ziyou

Wang Ziyou is the son of the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi, but his son is much less famous than his other son Wang Xianzhi, and there are few official records. There are records about him in "Shuo Xinyu". He was a son of a noble family, a person who respected nature, and a typical image of a bohemian scholar-official in the Wei and Jin Dynasties.

This person advocates nature, talks freely, and ignores worldly affairs. He likes bamboo and will plant bamboo when staying temporarily. There are different views on this style from different angles. We can understand it as inaction, unrestrained, fresh, and otherworldly. It can also be understood as showing off, being a playboy, and being useless. No matter how you interpret it, this is the so-called demeanor of celebrities in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Let’s analyze the reasons and influences for the formation of Wei and Jin style:

1. The formation of aristocratic clans can be traced back nearly 300 years. At the founding of the Eastern Han Dynasty, most of the twenty-eight generals in Yuntai were powerful and powerful. With the support of powerful forces, Liu Xiu was able to "Guangwu Zhongjue", but later these powerful powerful people gradually controlled the government, formed aristocratic families, and became officials for generations. The disputes between the Three Kingdoms can be seen as conflicts between countries and regions, but cannot be seen. The most important thing is the struggle between the aristocratic clan and the Han clan. The Wei and Jin Dynasties finally compromised with the aristocratic clan and won the final victory because they controlled the political, economic and culture of this era.

2. Due to the formation of aristocratic families and the implementation of the nine-rank Zhongzheng system, aristocratic families can serve as officials from generation to generation, forming a situation where there are no poor families in the upper ranks and no aristocratic families in the lower ranks. Being an official becomes easy, and people become lazy. Among the upper-class literati and officials, there was a trend of being worldly and chatting, and metaphysics was on the rise. The writing style was gorgeous but had no practical value. They liked drinking, writing poems, and traveling in the mountains and rivers, but were unwilling to govern and care for the people. From He Yan, he even started taking Fa Shi Powder and was dissolute.

3. From the perspective of literature and personal hobbies, these so-called Wei and Jin styles are very chic, but from the perspective of class analysis and the long-term development of the Chinese nation, the aristocratic families and the so-called Wei and Jin styles will cause harm to thousands of years. The power of aristocratic families has seriously affected the centralized state system. The country has been in constant turmoil since the end of the Han Dynasty. Officials from aristocratic families have taken turns to appear on the scene. Internal strife has continuously caused great damage to the vitality of the Han nation, especially the Rebellion of the Eight Kings, which directly caused the situation of "Five Husbands Ruining China". This then formed a situation in which the Northern and Southern Dynasties stood side by side until the establishment of the Sui Dynasty.

4. The monopoly of officialdom by aristocratic families is not conducive to the selection of national talents. The literati and bureaucrats advocate inaction and flashy life, which makes the country's political and economic life semi-paralyzed. It is also detrimental to the development of natural science. In the late Southern and Northern Dynasties, antagonism gradually formed. Reflection on this style of writing did not converge until the Tang Dynasty. However, it was not until the Song Dynasty that the aristocratic clan was finally eliminated. This shows how powerful the aristocratic clan is.

In short, the style of Wei and Jin can be admired from a personal point of view, advocating the natural return of the spirit, but don’t forget that this kind of spiritual transcendence has a material basis. These people are from aristocratic families. My dear, the poor are busy filling their stomachs! 8. The ancient text and meaning of "renqin and qin both died"

Original text

Wang Ziyou and Zijing were both seriously ill, but Zijing died first. Zi You asked the people around him, "Why don't you hear the news? I'm already in mourning." His words were not sad at the time. So he went to the funeral without crying.

Zi Jingsu was a good harp player, so he went to sit on the funeral bed, took Zi Jing's qin and played it. The strings were not in tune, and he said to the ground: "Zi Jing, Zi Jing, everyone dies." Because he had been mourning for a long time. , died after more than a month.

Translation

Both Wang Ziyou and Wang Zijing were seriously ill, and Zijing died first. Wang Ziyou asked his men, "Why can't I hear any news about Zijing? It must be because he is dead." There was no trace of sadness on his face when he spoke. I had to go to see the funeral in a sedan chair, but I didn't cry all the way.

Zijing always liked playing the harp. (Ziyou) walked in and sat on the funeral bed. He took Zijing’s harp and played it. The sound of the strings was no longer harmonious. (Ziyou) put the harp on the piano. He threw it on the ground and said, "Zijing, Zijing, you and Qin are both dead!" Then he cried bitterly for a long time and almost fainted. More than a month later, (Ziyou) also died.