History of the Development of European and American Animation 2009-09-18 17:00:00 In April 1954, the U.S. Senate Juvenile Delinquency Investigation Committee held a public hearing on the impact of comics on teenagers. Dr. Weisman attended as a witness.

He claimed: Comics are the main culprit that tarnishes the innocence of children and trigger juvenile delinquency. Compared to comics, Hitler is just a child.

"Children are often poisoned by comics from the age of four." He even called for an immediate ban on the sale of comics.

Although this hearing failed to reach a clear conclusion, the Senate ultimately requested the issuance of a censorship standard to eliminate all content in comics that may poison young people and corrupt morals.

This is actually a death sentence for the "golden age" in public opinion.

Shortly after the Senate hearing, comic publishers established the "American Domestic Comics and Magazines Federation" on October 26, 1954, and established "Federation Internal Inspection Standards" and also required that the cover of comics published thereafter be clearly

Indicate the level of restriction.

This was undoubtedly an event that had a profound impact on the American comics industry.

Due to this somewhat exaggerated standard, previously best-selling horror and police and gangster comics have almost disappeared; cowboys in Western comics have also had to significantly restrain themselves, with scenes of hand-to-hand combat and gunfights significantly reduced; and even the "violence" in funny animal comics

His actions also became timid.

Many publishing houses and comics publications went bankrupt due to the sharp decline in circulation, and most professional cartoonists had to change careers due to pressure to make ends meet.

Of course, writers of girl comics like Joe Simon, author of "Captain America," also became popular for a time because of the absence of superheroes.

However, on the whole, the American comics industry was still severely damaged by this. Although it recovered somewhat in the future, it still failed to regain its former glory.

Compared with the twists and turns of the development of the American comic industry, the American animation industry has always maintained a strong momentum of development during the same period.

To review this period of history, we cannot fail to mention Walt Disney and his Disney Company.

In fact, before Walt Disney, the United States already had many outstanding animators, but as a latecomer, Walt was the one who really promoted the leap of the American animation industry.

Therefore, we have enough reasons to believe that "Walt Disney is the first master in the history of animation."

In 1923, at the age of 22, Walt Disney bid farewell to his hometown of Kansas and set off for Hollywood to seek development.

At that time, Hollywood was a hot spot for entrepreneurship, and movies at this time were still in the silent film stage. As for cartoons, they were just entertainment programs before the movie started.

There, he started from scratch and registered "Disney Brothers Animation Production Company" with only 3,200 US dollars.

In the year that Walt came to Hollywood, he completed his first animated work - the silent cartoon "Alice in Cartoon Country" starring real people and animated characters.

During the first few years in Hollywood, Disney and his company gradually gained a foothold, but in 1927 Walt suffered the first serious blow to his career.

This year, the first popular cartoon character he created, "Oswald the Lucky Rabbit," was taken away by the publishing company through deception, and the company was almost in dire straits.

Angry and helpless, Disney set foot on the train back to his hometown of Kansas.

However, it was during this trip back home that a lively and cute little mouse appeared in Walter's mind.

Later, Walter's wife gave this new cartoon character a resounding name "Mickey Mouse"!

This is the cartoon star that will become world-famous and loved by children in all countries - Mickey Mouse.

The emergence of Mickey Mouse has certainly provided Disney with a huge intangible asset.

However, for Mickey and his pals to become beloved superstars, Disney still had to come up with novel production concepts.

The core of the new concept is to pay attention to plot design and continuous innovation.

Before Disney, cartoons were used as a back-up program before ordinary movies, often focusing only on visual effects and not paying much attention to the arrangement of the storyline.

Disney's Mickey Mouse series went in the opposite direction. The plot of the work was carefully arranged in the early stages of production, making the short seven-eight-minute film very fascinating. Coupled with the well-produced pictures, Disney

The cartoon immediately surpassed almost all competitors.

In addition to advanced creative concepts, sensitivity to innovation is another trump card of Disney.

In the mid-to-late 1920s, cinema bid farewell to the silent film era, and the emergence of sound films triggered a revolution in the entire film industry.

Walter was keenly aware of the coming changes and began to try to make sound cartoons.

On November 18, 1928, "Steamboat Willie", the first sound cartoon with synchronized audio and video in the history of film, premiered at the Colonial Theater in New York City and was a success.

In 1932, Disney released the first color cartoon "Flowers?and?Tree".

In addition to the expected buzz, it also won Disney an Academy Award for Animated Short Film.