I. Overview of Leshan

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Leshan's agriculture and handicrafts flourished, and the history books said that "the mountains and rivers are beautiful and the merchants are noisy". Today, Leshan City is not only the production base of grain and non-staple food in Sichuan, but also the famous polysilicon production base. Leshan is a famous tourist resort with beautiful scenery and rich products. Emei Mountain-giant buddha was selected as "the most desirable place in China", attracting tourists from all corners of the country every year. The natural giant sleeping Buddha discovered in 1983 added more mystery to Leshan Giant Buddha. Leshan is a cultural hometown with outstanding people, and Guo Moruo, a famous contemporary writer, is a native of Leshan. In 21, it became one of the "Top Ten Cities in China with Steady Improvement of Urban Competitiveness".

editing this paragraph ii. historical evolution

Leshan has a long history, as far back as the Bashu era more than 3, years ago, and was once the old capital of the Kaiming tribe of Shu Wang. In the 4th century BC, the Qin Dynasty destroyed Bashu, and Leshan belonged to Shu County. Because Leshan before liberation was in the south of Chengdu, it was named Nan 'an. The Han Dynasty attached Nan 'an to Qianwei County. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, due to the constant wars, the organizational system in Leshan changed frequently. The Northern Zhou Dynasty set history, which means "the county is beautiful and beautiful". The Sui Dynasty set up Meishan County in Sui Dynasty. The original Nan 'an County was renamed Longyou County. Legend has it that when the Sui army marched from Chengdu to Leshan by boat and pursued the defeated troops of Chen, Youlong navigated the Minjiang River to help the Sui army unify the world, so Nan 'an was changed to Longyou. Tang Fu Jiazhou, Meizhou. In Song Dynasty, JiaZhou was changed to Jiading House; Yuan Dynasty changed to Jiading Road; In Ming Dynasty, it was changed to Jiading Prefecture; In the 12th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (Leshan Collection (2 pieces) in 1734), Jiading Prefecture was promoted to Jiading Mansion, and Leshan County was set up in the mansion, taking the name of "there is a" Leshan "in the five miles southwest of the city" and changing Longyou County to Leshan County. The name of "Leshan" is still in use today. The Republic of China abolished the state capital and established the Leshan Administrative Inspector's Office. The People's Republic of China and the People's Republic of China set up Leshan Commissioner's Office. In 1978, Leshan County and wutongqiao district merged and changed to Leshan City (county level), which still belongs to Leshan area. In 195, it was set up in Leshan area, changed to Leshan area in 1968, and changed to Leshan city in 1985, which is a provincial city. In 1997, administrative divisions were adjusted, and six counties including Meishan were set aside.

Edit this paragraph III. Physical Geography

Leshan City is located in the middle and lower reaches of Minjiang River, Qingyijiang River and Dadu River, bordering Meishan City in the north, Zigong City in the east, Yibin City in the south and Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Ya 'an City in the west. The geographical coordinates are between 12 55 ′-14 ′ east longitude and 28 25 ′-29 55 ′ north latitude, covering an area of 12,827 square kilometers, accounting for 2.64% of the total area of Sichuan Province, ranking 1th in the province. Leshan city is located in the transition zone from Sichuan basin to southwest mountainous area, with the overall trend of high in southwest and low in northeast, and the height difference is great. The highest point is the main peak of Maanshan in Ebian Yi Autonomous County, with an altitude of 4,288 meters, and the lowest point is the exit of Minjiang River in Machangba, Xinmin Town, Qianwei County, with an altitude of 37 meters and a relative height difference of 3,981 meters. There are three types of landforms: mountains, hills and flat dams, with mountains as the main one. The mountainous area covers an area of 8,53 square kilometers, accounting for 66.5% of the city's total area. It is mainly distributed in the southwest of Emei Mountain, Ebian, Jinkou River, Mabian and Muchuan, and is the transitional zone between Liangshan Plateau and Sichuan Basin. The hilly area is 2,694 square kilometers, accounting for 21% of the city's total area. It is mainly distributed in the northeast of Emei Mountain and Muchuan, and it is a red hilly area with slow rise and long-term erosion. The valley plain covers an area of 163 square kilometers, accounting for 12.5% of the city's total area, mainly distributed along the banks of Minjiang River, Dadu River and Qingyi River. There are many rivers in the city, which is a water-rich area, with an average annual water production of 11.37 billion cubic meters, plus 74.14 billion cubic meters of transit water, the total water resources are 85.5 billion cubic meters, and the per capita water resources are 3366 cubic meters. The geographical position of Leshan city has an important ecological strategic position, which has an important influence on maintaining the ecological balance in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, protecting the Three Gorges water conservancy project and promoting the economic and social development in the Yangtze River basin.

edit this paragraph iv. administrative divisions

Leshan city is located at the confluence of Minjiang river, Dadu river and Qingyi river in the southwest of Sichuan basin. Leshan City has jurisdiction over four districts (Shizhong District, Wutongqiao, Shawan and Jinkouhe), one county-level city (Emei Mountain), four counties (Qianwei, Jingyan, Jiajiang and Muchuan) and two Yi autonomous counties (Ebian and Mabian).

Edit this paragraph V. Climatic characteristics

Leshan is located in the transition zone from Sichuan Basin to southwest mountainous area, with high terrain in the southwest and low terrain in the northeast, and the height difference is wide, which has formed many climatic types under specific geographical conditions. Because the region is near 29 degrees north latitude, the city belongs to the tropical climate zone of Central Asia, which has the characteristics of four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall, the same season of water and heat, long frost-free period and superior agricultural climate conditions. The annual average temperature is 16.5-18. degrees, the accumulated temperature greater than or equal to ℃ is 61-65 degrees, the accumulated temperature greater than or equal to 1℃ is 5269-5662 degrees, and the accumulated temperature is 293-3376 degrees, the annual average frost-free period is over 3 days, and the annual average frost days are 4.2-9. There are obvious vertical differences in the climate in the southwest mountainous areas. From the foothills to the mountaintops, there are complete climatic zones in the middle subtropical zone, a warm temperate zone, a temperate zone and a cold temperate zone in turn. The microclimate conditions are very complicated. It is an area for developing comprehensive agricultural management and three-dimensional agriculture in the region, a major producing area for wood, tea and Chinese herbal medicines, and a valuable tourism resource. Affected by the monsoon and the uplift of the terrain, the climate is humid and the rainfall is abundant. The average annual precipitation is above 1mm in most areas, above 15mm in Emei Mountain, and below 1mm only in Ebian and Jinkou River, with seasonal changes. The rainfall in summer and autumn accounts for about 8% of the whole year, while that in winter and spring only accounts for 2%. The annual precipitation varies greatly, with the minimum annual precipitation below 9mm and the maximum annual precipitation in some areas above 2mm. The meteorological disasters in the city are mainly low temperature, drought and flood. The harm of low temperature is the greatest in spring, which can cause frozen flowers of wheat and rotten seeds and seedlings of rice. Drought is mainly in early spring and summer. When the drought is serious, it is difficult for people and animals to drink water in some places. Affected by topography, Leshan is a rainstorm-prone area with high precipitation intensity. On September 29th, 1993, the precipitation in Emei Mountain reached 525mm, the highest in the whole province. In addition, it is located at the confluence of the three rivers, which has a great impact on floods.

Edit this paragraph VI. Tourist attractions

Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "the scenery of the world is in Shu, and the victory of Shu lies in history". Directly tell that Leshan scenery is the best in the world. There are 2 national scenic spots of 5A level, 1 national scenic spot of 4A level, 2 national scenic spots, 1 nature reserve, 2 forest parks and 1 geological park. In 28, it received 12.34 million domestic and foreign tourists, and the comprehensive tourism income was 9.14 billion yuan. Photos of Leshan Tourism Scenery (18 photos) ◆ giant buddha World Heritage: Leshan Giant Buddha

(China's national 5A-level tourist scenic spot) Leshan Giant Buddha, also known as Lingyun Giant Buddha, is a statue of Maitreya. Leshan Giant Buddha is one of the fine works of art in the Moyan statue in the Tang Dynasty, and it is the largest stone statue of Maitreya in the world. In ancient times, there was a saying that "Emei in the upper court and Lingyun in the lower court". Giant buddha, which belongs to Emei Mountain Scenic Area, is a national 5A-level scenic spot and a famous scenic spot. Leshan Giant Buddha is a national key cultural relic protection unit, "World Cultural and Natural Heritage, World Natural and Cultural Heritage List" and praised by experts as "Leshan Giant Buddha is comparable to other stone carvings in the world, such as Sphinx and the Valley of the Kings of the Nile". [1] Lingyun Mountain is close to Minjiang River, and there is Lingyun Temple on it, which was built in the Tang Dynasty. A giant Buddha was dug up by the mountain, with a height of 71 meters and an instep width of 8.5 meters, making it the largest Buddha in the world today. The Giant Buddha was founded by the famous monk Haitong in Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty, which took 9 years to complete. The giant Buddha is a statue of Maitreya, which is graceful and magnificent, and is praised by poets as "a mountain is a Buddha, and a Buddha is a mountain". The Story of Leshan Giant Buddha According to historical records, the Buddhist monk Haitong Mage initiated the construction of the Buddha. The Tang Dynasty's "The Great Statue of Lingyun in History" contains: "At the beginning of Kaiyuan, there were Samanas and Haitong, who mourned this water hazard ... and made an ancient Buddha statue." Haitong naturally didn't have the financial resources to build the Giant Buddha. In order to raise huge sums of money, he traveled around the world and finally organized manpower and financial resources, and officially started construction in the early years of Kaiyuan (AD 713). However, this project is too vast, and Haitong has not been able to see the completion of the Giant Buddha in his lifetime. The completion of the Giant Buddha ultimately depended on the imperial court at that time, especially two officials. After Haitong's death, Zhang Qiu and Qiong, our envoys from Jiannan and Wei Gao, our envoys from Xichuan, donated salaries to help each other, and the court also issued a letter to help them. The Giant Buddha finally lasted for 9 years and was completed in the 19th year of Tang Zhenyuan (AD 83). Haitong spent his whole life building Buddha, but in fact, he had good intentions. According to historical records, before the construction of the Giant Buddha, the confluence of the three rivers in the east of Leshan City often suffered from the tragedy of boat capsizing and death because of the complicated water flow. Haitong is "mourning this water hazard" and is determined to do a good deed and use the magic of Buddha to curb the water demon. After the completion of the Giant Buddha, there were really a lot fewer shipwrecks. The reason, according to modern people's speculation, may be that a large number of excavated rocks are filled into the dangerous beach, which objectively improves the navigation conditions, and the figure of the giant Buddha enhances the confidence of the boatman. Perhaps, the ancients always thought that the giant Buddha really had magic power. In any case, Haitong did a great good deed, for which he paid a painful price. History records show that after Haitong raised a huge sum of money, greedy county officials came to extort money. Facing corrupt officials, Haitong said righteously, "I can gouge out my eyes, but Buddha's wealth is rare." The cruel officials repeatedly pressed him, and Haitong also said that he would do it: "Look at his eyes and hold the plate to make it"! ◆ Emei Mountain Scenic Area (China's national 5A-level tourist scenic spot) is located in Leshan City, Sichuan Province, 7 kilometers southwest of Emei Mountain. It is also known as the four famous Buddhist mountains in China with Wutai Mountain in Shanxi Province, Putuo Mountain in Zhejiang Province and Pu Xian

Huijiu Mountain in Jinding, An Emei Mountain. It is a world-famous samantabhadra Dojo. The main peak is 379.3 meters, with majestic mountains, deep valleys, waterfalls like curtains, surging sea of clouds and lush trees. It is known as "the best in Emei". There are many Buddhist temples on the mountain, which are famous Buddhist mountains and tourist attractions. Its sunrise, sea of clouds, Buddha's light and holy lamps are the four wonders of Emei. It is a national mountain type integrating Buddhist culture and natural scenery. In 1996, Emei Mountain and Leshan Giant Buddha were both listed in the World Natural and Cultural Heritage List, which became the dual natural and cultural heritage of all mankind. In 27, Emei Mountain Scenic Area was officially approved by the National Tourism Administration as a national 5A-level tourist scenic spot. ◆ Bamboo Sea in West Sichuan (China's national 4A-level tourist scenic spot)-Yongfu Town, Muchuan County has a natural scenic spot with Danxia landform. It is named Bamboo Sea in West Sichuan. A military fortress was built in the Southern Song Dynasty. In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, it was a centralized production place for earthenware paper. In the late 195s, it became a base for papermaking raw materials in Sichuan. At the top of the mountain, there was a small lake built by cutting off waterfalls and streams, which was about 2 meters long and 2 meters wide. At the same time, "Bamboo Sea" has fresh air all the year round and is known as "natural oxygen bar". The scenic spots are strewn at random with mountains and ravines, with an area of about 24, square kilometers of forests and bamboos, which are vast and green. The average elevation is 45 meters, a corner of the bamboo sea in western Sichuan is < P >, with abundant rainfall and distinct seasons. There are precious plants such as Guanyin lotus fern, Alsophila spinulosa, Zhennan tree and acacia tree, and precious animals such as golden pheasant, bamboo chicken, rock frog, harp frog and bamboo cow inhabit the bamboo sea, which is an ideal resort for sightseeing, leisure and summer vacation. In addition to the endless bamboo sea, there are other scenic spots for viewing, such as Xiao Dong Fei Hong, Baiyanzhai, Taoyuan New Village, Guanyinyan, Wuliheng, Qiandao Lake, Yuanyang Lake and Bird Habitat Rock. Passing through the Shuiyue Cave, a rock tunnel about 5 meters long, and arriving at Taoyuan New Village, you can enjoy the similar scenery recorded in Tao Yuanming's Peach Blossom Garden. The paper mill in the village is primitive and quaint, with well-defined terraces, and the cliff opposite is Danxia landform, which is vivid and beautiful under the shade of bamboo. There are no hotels and restaurants here, only a few farmhouses scattered at random, which make people fully integrated into the embrace of nature. Covering an area of 5, mu, Wumaping Hunting Ground is the largest in southwest China. Wumaping Hunting Ground is about 2 kilometers away from Muchuan County, and it is a five-peak Duxiu Mountain with low periphery and high middle. The top of the mountain is flat and covers an area of more than 46, mu. It is a natural ecological protection area with complete system and biodiversity. In 29, the construction scheme of Muchuan Bamboo Sea Scenic Area and Wumaping Special Tourism Base in Muchuan County passed the evaluation. The first phase of the project, Wumaping Hunting Ground, covering an area of 5, mu, was officially started at the end of November 29. It is expected to be put into operation during the National Day this year, which will be the largest hunting ground in Southwest China. Wang Danli, deputy director of the Tourism Bureau of Muchuan County, introduced that Wumaping Tourist Area was formerly a prison, and Muchuan County will build Wumaping Scenic Area into a special tourist base with the most cultural connotation in western China, which integrates outdoor hunting, CS field work, sightseeing, leisure and health care. ◆ "Boat City"-The ancient town of Luocheng is a unique architectural layout. The whole town is located at the top of the mountain, and the street houses are like a boat. The reason for the construction of this small town is very interesting. It is said that during the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty, a scholar from other places came here and saw that the local people were suffering from water shortage and their lives were extremely inconvenient. They could not help but say a few words: "Luocheng dry dock, the clothes are not long. If you want water to become a river, Luocheng will be built into a boat. When a boat walks in the water, there must be water if there is a boat. " The local people actually think that rebuilding the building is a good way to solve the problem of water shortage, so they donate money to build it, and the result is this rare town in the world. This boat-shaped ancient town is more than 2, meters long and about 65 meters wide. The main street is north-south, with narrow ends and spacious middle. The street is undulating, just like the deck in the waves; The theatres in the street are towering like high sails. The Lingguan Temple at the end of the street is like the cabin of a ship. On both sides of the street, there is a shadow corridor about 2 meters long and 6 meters wide, which is like a canopy, also known as "Boat Hall Street". The architectural layout of Luocheng has attracted the attention of experts at home and abroad. In 1983, Australian authorities built a "China Tourism Satellite City" in the style of Luocheng in Melbourne. As for whether Luocheng has solved the problem of water shortage after the boat is built, it is only for tourists to observe it themselves. It is said that due to the serious pollution of the nearby reservoir, the groundwater pollution is caused, so the tap water in the town can only be used reluctantly, and all the quoted water is bought from the well water in the nearby countryside. ◆ plaque of Guo Moruo's former residence in Shawan

Guo Moruo, a poet, was born in Shawan, 36 kilometers southwest of Leshan. The word Mo Ruo is derived from the ancient name of two rivers in his hometown-Mo Shui is the Dadu River that meanders through Shawan, and if it is water, it is the Qingyi River near his hometown. Of course, the name you choose has something to do with your personality. The poet Guo Moruo is undoubtedly brilliant. Guo Moruo's former residence is located in the middle section of Shawan Old Street. It is a single-storey building with four entrances and a bucket, with 36 large and small houses and a construction area of 1,18 square meters. The former residence was first built in Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty. On the outermost side are two business prostrate faces, while on the inside are Guo Moruo.