1. Liu Xie's translation from classical Chinese to vernacular (Mandarin)

Original translation

Liu Xie, whose name is Shu Wen, is from Shouguang. In the thirteenth year of orthodoxy, he was admitted to Jinshi. To Jishi Shu, the official editing. During the Tianshun period, he served as right Zhongyun and served as an assistant in the East Palace.

Xian Zong ascended the throne, and as an old bureaucrat, he was promoted to Taichangqing many times, and served as a bachelor's student, giving lectures at banquets. In the tenth year of Chenghua, he was promoted to left assistant minister of the official department and served as a lecturer. Every time Liu Yi gave a lecture, he repeatedly enlightened him, and his tone was leisurely, and everyone he heard was afraid. Liu Dingzhi, a bachelor, is called the first official, and Xianzong is also very important. In the second year, the imperial edict took this official as a bachelor's degree in Hanlin, and people were valued at Wenyuan Pavilion to participate in confidential affairs. The emperor called him "Mr. Dong Liu" every time and gave him a seal. The article said that "Jia Yi praised Yi". Soon he was promoted to the official department minister, plus Prince Shaobao and University of Wenyuange. "Mandarin Training" was successful. He was promoted to be a college student in the Hall of Honor.

Liu yi is cheerful and straightforward. I think I'm an old bureaucrat and I don't shy away from things. Mr. Lin Jun, a foreign minister, was imprisoned for impeaching Liang Fang and Ji Xiao, and his explanation was sour before the emperor. Li Zi province and others left the political chaos, trying to shake the prince. Liu Yi counseled secretly, and his plan was less blocked. I have always despised Wan 'an, and once rebuked Wan 'an for failing the country without shame. Angry and anxious, I miss acid day and night. At the beginning, the dispute between Liu Yi, Wan 'an and Liu Ji, who was in charge of impeaching Wang Zhi, resulted in the removal of the West Factory. One day, Liu Yi scolded Wang Yue in the court again, and Wang Yue retired in shame. Soon the west factory was re-set, and the acid could not be disputed. In the eighteenth year, when I saw that I fell out of favor, I speculated that the West Factory should stop and invite Liu Yi to play together. Yao Liu refused, and Wanan played alone. On the presentation, the emperor was surprised that there was no Liu Hu's name. Ann secretly sent someone to expose Liu Yi's involvement with Zhi. It happened that Liu Yi's son Liu Yi invited Liu Yi to have a drink, and Zhao Bin's play in the village was Liu Gongzi's Song, which was sometimes embellished with obscene words and played in the school. The emperor was very angry and decided to get rid of grease. Qin Chang, the eunuch, was sent to summon Wan 'an and Liu Ji to the west corner gate to show them a letter written by the emperor himself. Ann and others pretended to be surprised by the rescue. The next day, Liu Yi asked for retirement. He flies, and I transfer money, silver and paper money every month and every year. In fact, Wan 'an and Liu Ji planned to crowd out Liu Hu and make him leave.

at that time, there were three cabinet members, Wan 'an was greedy and cunning, and auspicious and auspicious. Liu boron is a little better, but he likes Tan Lun, and people's eyes are manic. Liu Yi has hastily retreated, while Peng Hua and Yin Zhi have successively entered the cabinet, and the party of Wan 'an and Liu Ji is more stable. Liu Yi lived in the tomb for three years when his mother died. When he returns, he will serve his father in filial piety. After the death of his father, the house was restored in the tomb. Hongzhi died in three years, and his nickname was Wenhe. In the early years of Jiajing, due to the request of the admonisher, the temple was given a plaque of "Zhao Xian" and officials were still sent to sacrifice.

The source

comes from Biography of Ming History.

1. The source

is from Biography of the Ming Dynasty. 2. Translation of Biography of Liu Shu in classical Chinese

Translation: Liu Shu, a native of Yunzhou, is a scholar, who carefully analyzes and verifies the official documents of the previous government from the aspects of calendar, geography, official position and family name. In order to get a book to read, Liu Shu ) Traveling with Sima Guang in Wanan Mountain, there is a stone tablet by the roadside. After reading the words, I know that it is a general of the Five Dynasties. People are not familiar with his name. Liu Shu can tell his life story and check the past history books when he goes back. It is indeed as Liu Shu said. When Song Cidao was the prefect of Bozhou, there were many books at home. Liu Shu detoured to borrow them. Song Cidao prepared food for him every day to show his master's etiquette. Liu Shu said, "This is not me." It will also delay my business. "So I removed all these etiquette. Liu Shu was alone in the study, reading and copying books day and night. He lived in the Taoist school of Song Dynasty for more than ten days, finished reading his books and left. Liu Shu's family was always poor and could not get food, but he didn't ask others for money at random. When he came back from Luonan, it was winter and there were no cold-proof items at home. Sima Guang put clothes, shoes and socks and. 3. Reading in Classical Chinese "The Biography of Liu Zongzhou in Ming Dynasty" Translation Reading Comprehension

Liu Zongzhou, whose word starts from the east, is from Shanyin. His father Liu Po is a boy. His father died when his mother Zhang was pregnant with him for five months. After giving birth to Zong Zhou, his family was poor, so Zhang took him to his grandfather's house to raise him. Later, because Zongzhou's grandfather was old and ill, he went back to wait on him, carrying water and chopping wood, and cooking medicine and porridge. However, Zong Zhou was weak, and his mother often worried about him. She couldn't let go of her heart, and finally got sick. Because her family was poor, she refused to treat him. In the 29th year of Wanli (161), he was a scholar in the Zongzhou examination, and his mother died at home. Zong Zhou came home from mourning and built a white mud house outside the middle gate, where he cried his mother every day. After taking off his mourning clothes, the court appointed him as a pedestrian, and Zong Zhou asked to go home to support his grandparents. After my grandparents died, it took seven years to go to Beijing for backup. His mother was famous in the imperial court for her chastity.

At that time, there were Kun Party and propaganda party in the imperial court against Donglin. Zong Zhou wrote: "Donglin is the place where Gu Xiancheng gives lectures. Gao Panlong, Liu Yongcheng, Jiang Shichang and Liu Yuanzhen are all sages. Yu Yuli and Ding Yuanjian are innocent, have the same heart, and have the bearing of a national scholar. It is okay for those ministers to criticize their character, but not to argue about the length of their opinions; It is okay to attack Donglin, but it should not be biased towards the Kun Party and the propaganda party. " The party members made a lot of noise, so Zongzhou had to ask for leave and go back to his hometown. 4. Ming History. Translation of Classical Chinese Written by Liu Yong

Liu Song, born in Taihe, was originally named Chu. His family is poor, but he studies very hard. When it is cold, he has no fire to keep out the cold and his hands are chapped, but he never stops copying articles.

in the rural examination at the end of Yuan Dynasty. In the third year of Hongwu (137), he was recommended as Jing Ming Xing Xiu and changed to his current name. Taizu summoned him in the Fengtian Temple and awarded him the rank of Secretary of the Ministry of War. Ordered to Zhenjiang to collect grain. There are many fields in Zhenjiang, and the rents and taxes are

borne by the people. Liu Song tried his best to ask for relief. He was promoted to be the deputy envoy of Peiping Inspection Department, and the punishment was lighter and easier, and the people were recruited into exile, and the people returned to work. Set up Wen Tianxiang Temple on the side of Xuegong. Carve words on the stone in front of the school to inform the county not to drag down the students with the corvee. He once asked for fewer post horses in remote places to enrich Wanping. Taizu agreed to his invitation and said to the courtiers, "It's been a long time since the postal service was uneven. Isn't that what Liu Song should do to rule the people?" " Because of the exclusion of Hu Weiyong, he was demoted as a loser, and soon he was sent back to his hometown. Thirteen years Hu Weiyong was punished, and Liu Song * * * was assistant minister of does. Soon, he was promoted to the official department minister. Lei Zhenjin went to the temple, and Grandfather Tai

ordered his ministers to tell them the gains and losses. Liu Song kowtowed in order to cultivate virtue and benevolence. Resigned soon.

in March of the following year, Li Jing, a former minister of punishments, was called in together. Li Jing was appointed as the son of the nation and Liu Song was appointed as the manager.

Give it to the pommel horse, so that we can meet each other in the morning and evening. Died before ten days. After getting sick, I still sit and discipline the students. When he was seriously ill, Li Jing asked him what he had to say. Liu Song said, "The son of heaven sent me to teach the son of the nation and instructed me to finish my duties as a < P >. Unfortunately, I will die so soon!" He didn't say a word about family affairs. Taizu ordered the relevant departments to arrange a funeral for him and personally wrote a composition to pay homage.

Liu Song was learned and widely heard when he was young, and he was modest and cautious by nature. The three brothers * * * live in a hut with 5 acres of land. After he became an official, his fortune did not increase. After ten years of using a cloth quilt, it was bitten by a mouse before it was replaced with a new one, and it was still made into clothes for his son. I don't take my family

when I am an official. Go to Beiping to take a waiter, and send him back when he arrives. At dusk, after the official stepped down, he studied alone and often stayed up all night. He is good at writing poems, and people in Yuzhang revere him as the ancestor of "the West * * *". 5. Translation of Ye Mengde Biography of the History of Song Dynasty in classical Chinese

Original text:

Ye Mengde, a native of Wuxian, Suzhou. I am fond of learning from fleas, and I know more than I say, and I am not poor when I talk about it. Recommend with Cai Jing, call right. On the contrary, he moved to the ancestral temple Langguan. At the beginning of the grand view, Beijing met again and returned to those whose legislation had been stopped. In the dream, it was said: "The Taizai of Zhou Guan wrote a letter to Wang Yu's ministers with eight handles. The so-called abandonment of rewards and punishments is also a matter of the king, and Taizai can write a letter to the king and not specialize in it." Shangxi said, "Recently, more friends than media have entered, and you have no choice but to wait and see." Then I removed the living lang. When using things, people like small talents, and dreams come true: "Since ancient times, people must first distinguish between talents and talents. Sages are known as virtues; Capable, talented. Therefore, the former king often made Desheng talented, not talented. I am willing to use virtue first in the future. " In two years, I moved to Hanlin's bachelor's degree, and I talked about the disadvantages of the scholar-officials' cronies, focusing on the interior and neglecting the exterior, and begging for help before everyone else. In the fifth year of Zhenghe, he moved to Shuai Yingchang House, and made Su Zhenmin, the ambassador of Changping, send him evil. Yang Jian, the eunuch, sent it to the Ministry for business, and got 5, yuan from Changping, so he asked the court to flatter him after losing the japonica rice. I entrusted him with the imperial pen and charged him with following the example of Suzhou. The dream is very sparse. On Yingchang's soil fertility and southeast difference, I would like to follow the color. When the next county corrected the people and lost the cymbals, it was the capital, and there were many complaints, so it was exempted from the dream. Li Yan enclosed the public land, sued the collectors, registered thousands of hectares of hidden fields in Tancheng and Wuyang, and sued 8 households in Minyi House. Dream on the matter, arrest officials according to the rule, the county people are happy. Caught Gao Zong in Yangzhou, moved to Hanlin as a bachelor and served as a scholar, except for the ministers of the household department. Chen's plan to treat the enemy, because he invited him to visit the south, blocked the river as a danger, just in case. Then the emperor moved to Hangzhou, and Zuo Cheng, the minister of history, played the role of supervisor. Those who are good at establishing the army and collecting people's wealth in counties and counties should stop working. The most important thing is to choose the minister to take charge of the assistant minister Yan Qi and know that Hangzhou Kang Yunzhi are all jealous of dreams. Haikou Zhu Ming was rampant, and it was a dream to seize the town of the imperial soldiers' sidewalk, or to recruit or arrest them, or to lure them together, and to level more than 5 groups of bandits. However, it is quite different from the supervisor, so please be old in the last chapter. In the eighteenth year of Shaoxing, he died in Huzhou, giving him a check-up and less insurance.

(Excerpt from Biography of Ye Mengde in the History of Song Dynasty)

Translation:

Ye Mengde, whose name is Shaoyun, was born in Wuxian, Suzhou. I like learning and have achieved early. I have a lot of knowledge about the words and deeds of my predecessors and talk about it endlessly. Because of Cai Jing's recommendation, he was summoned by the emperor to answer. The emperor thought his views were strange and specially promoted him to be the official of the ancestral temple. In the early years of Daguan, Cai Jing once again served as prime minister, and the previously abolished legal system was resumed. Ye Mengde said: "Zhou Guan records that Taizai told the emperor to control his ministers by eight means. The so-called abandonment, reward and punishment is a matter for the king. Taizai can only tell the king but can't arrogate power by himself." The emperor said happily, "Recently, ministers have been relying on collusion to seek advancement, but your words have not been on the sidelines." So (the emperor) appointed him as the living lang. At that time, the rulers liked people with a little talent. Ye Mengde said: "Since ancient times, people must first distinguish between talents and talents. Sage is called virtue; Being able is called being talented. Therefore, the former king often made Desheng over talented, and did not make talent better than virtue. I hope that people will put morality first now. " In the second year of Daguan, Ye Mengde was promoted to be a bachelor of Hanlin for many times, and argued strongly about the disadvantages of scholar-officials being cronies, which were mainly manifested in attaching importance to court officials and despising local officials, and he requested to fill the county post before others. In the fifth year of Zhenghe, Ye Meng got a post in Yingchang Mansion and distributed Changping grain to the people. Liu Ji, the messenger of Changping, hated him. Eunuch Yang Jian was in power, and Liu sent a search to the Ministry. He got 5, yuan of money and requested to buy japonica rice and transport it to Houyuan to please Yang Jian. Yang Jian sent his subordinates to take the imperial pen, and instructed the rice varieties tribute from Yingchang Palace to be the same as those from Suzhou. Ye Mengde wrote to state that the soil fertility in Yingchang is different from that in the southeast, hoping to use local varieties. At that time, the neighboring counties gathered people to pay money to buy rice in Beijing, and the people complained bitterly. Only Yingchang relied on Ye Mengde to be exempted. Li Yan searched for the public land, and because of the cunning official's report, he registered thousands of hectares of land concealed by Tancheng and Wuyang, and 8 households complained to the government. Ye Mengde played this story, caught the traitors and investigated them, and the county people were very happy. When Emperor Gaozong temporarily stayed in Yangzhou, Ye Mengde was promoted to a bachelor's degree in Hanlin and served as a minister of the Ministry of Commerce. (Ye Mengde) stated his plan for the enemy, so he asked the emperor to make a southern tour, taking the Yangtze River as a natural barrier, in case of unexpected events. Soon the emperor suspended his stay in Hangzhou, and Ye Mengde was promoted to Zuocheng, a senior minister, and reported to the emperor that he had set up a military department to search for people's wealth without authorization, which should be abolished. The emperor told the army and grain that the two things were the most important, and ministers should be elected to be in charge respectively. Yan Qi, the assistant minister, and Kang Yun, the capital of Hangzhou, resented Ye Mengde. Haikou Zhu Ming was rampant, so Ye Mengde was ordered to take the imperial soldiers from the path to suppress it, or to surrender, or capture, or to induce robbers to kill each other, and finally more than 5 groups of robbers were put down. However, Ye Mengde) disagreed with the supervisor's opinion, so he asked to retire and return home. In the eighteenth year of Shaoxing, he died in Huzhou, and he was given a little insurance for the official inspection school. 6. Translation of Classical Chinese-"Southern History, Biography of Liu Hui"

Liu Hui, a word scholar Zhang, was born in Pengcheng, and his brother was too often killed.

Father CuO, a powerful man in the late Song Dynasty, has many guests, so the painting should be fluent with him. Xu Xi said, "If you tie your belt and stand in court, you can talk to the guests."

Jie Brown was a good writer, and Taizu joined the army. When Mao saw this, he sighed, "Duke Liu didn't die."

Wang Ben of Yuzhang is Jiangzhou, and painting is Zuo Jun's main book. With Jiangling of the town, he transferred to Cao Shenjun, a soldier from the west of the town, and rode the main book. Drawing Congjing has a literary meaning, is good at official script, and has been rewarded several times. He has never met Hua Min and his current officials.

Wang Fei, the evil spirit, is called a meritorious Cao, so that officials can make their own progress. He said to his assistant, "Although I can't inherit Chen Fan, you have two horses."

He resumed as a clerk in the Sikong Keeper's Office, and was transferred to the Prince to wash horses. The Fu consulted and took charge of the clerk. At that time, Wang Ben of Yuzhang and Prince Wenhui were different in rank of years. On the theory of things, they said that the palace and the government were suspicious, and they begged to go out, which was the Nankang phase.

in the leisure time of the county, I will talk about it specifically. On the left and right sides, Chen Hong asked for leave to return to the south and asked what it was like to paint in the county. Immediately, he said, "Nankang is the mouthpiece of the three States and should be cured.

Can you talk about the evils of learning in a young age? " The levy was returned to Sima, the king of Anlu, and he was transferred to Zhongshulang to take charge of the imperial edict. He Yin, who helped the son of the state to offer wine, wrote the etiquette of governance.

At the end of Yongming, people in Jingyi were eager to discuss righteousness for articles, and they all gathered together in the West Mansion of Jingling. Draw as a backward leader, and realize many things by machine.

when Zhang Rong and Zhou Qing both spoke words, they melted the tone to slow down the rhyme, and the words of the parallel made them brilliant, while the words of the parallel made them spit, but they were also frustrated and had an atmosphere. The man-made language of the time said, "Liu painted the house, don't open a door."

words are among the two schools. After the fish was killed by the marquis, the king of Yuzhang wanted to be buried, and he called for painting to show his story.

draw a pen and paper, and it will be done in a moment. There are only eight characters, and the cloud "supports and raises, and looks down on adults."

But he sighed, "Why did Mi Heng live like this?" Later, the envoys from the North came, and they drew a speech to argue, and they took over the envoys.

when you are finished, you should write "Yu ci". Painting refers to people saying, "It's not easy to polish up, but it's also difficult to get my language."

Brother Shi is respectful and speaks to others, calling him "the envoy". In Longchang, the sin of sitting down will be punished, and the emperor Fu Que will be asked to die on behalf of his brother, and Gao Zong will help the government and save it.

cited as the history of the town commander, turned to Huang Menlang. Emperor Gaozong was a title of generals in ancient times, assisted by painting, consulted, took charge of records, and wrote a classic pen.

emperor gaozong ascended the throne and moved to the son of the prince, who became a general of ning Shuo and a long history of fu jun. Anlu Wang Baochang is in Xiangzhou, taking painting as the champion's long history and Changsha's internal history, and doing things in Xiangzhou, the general remains the same.

Princess Baochai is also a daughter. Baochang