For diabetics, it can be troublesome to remember various dietary rules. In order to make it easier to remember, we have compiled the sugar-lowering formulas and sugar-control jingles for everyone.
Fasting blood sugar should not exceed seven
Postprandial blood sugar should not exceed ten
Glycated protein three-month check
Remember not to exceed seven
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Ride a bicycle if you have nothing to do, go for a run in the morning market to buy groceries
Stretching your joints is very important, do radio exercises with force
Use community equipment diligently, and eat half a meal in a mess To be full
Eat less oil and less meat, the monk’s diet is quite good
Always turn on the juicer, add fruits and vegetables to water and drink until you are full (add more water, just eat the fruits you can) Don’t drink anything)
Don’t be in a daze during TV time, shake to the music while watching
If you do as I say, your blood sugar will not rise
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"One" represents: exercise 1 hour after a meal
"Three" represents: exercise 30 minutes
"Five" means: activities at least 5 times a week
"Seven" means: the pulse does not exceed 170-age during each exercise
" "Nine" represents: exercise should last for a long time and should be persisted
For diabetic patients, if there are no contraindications, it is recommended to exercise for at least 150 minutes a week. The exercise methods can choose brisk walking, cycling, dancing, swimming, jogging, etc. form.
Diabetic patients are particularly reminded to bring a few pieces of candy with them when exercising to prevent hypoglycemia from occurring during exercise.
Maintaining a healthy weight helps your body use insulin better, which helps control blood sugar. But the weight cannot be too low. Too low a weight means that the body consumes a lot of energy, and there will be no strength and reduced resistance.
Therefore, fat people need to lose weight, while thin people need to gain weight.
"Diet + exercise" treatment is a basic measure in the comprehensive treatment of diabetes and the most effective treatment method. No matter what type of diabetes it is, it should be adhered to long-term and strictly. For all people with diabetes, postprandial hyperglycemia can be reduced by changing the quantity and quality of their diet, thereby reducing the burden on pancreatic islet cells. Regular and appropriate exercise can lower blood sugar to a certain extent, improve insulin sensitivity, correct blood lipid disorders, lower blood pressure, enhance cardiopulmonary function, and prevent and treat osteoporosis. Exercise and diet therapy are both the two cornerstones of diabetes treatment. Only with a solid foundation can drugs have the greatest effect.
"1" represents: 1 catty of vegetables per day
"2" represents: 2 taels of rice per meal (depending on the actual situation, staple foods with lower glycemic value than rice can be Eat more rice)
"3" means: no more than 3 tablespoons of vegetable oil per day
"4" means: eat fruits under 4 conditions, such as stable blood sugar control, between two meals The total amount of fruits with low sugar content eaten between 9 am and 10 am and between 2 and 3 pm is less than 4 taels
"5" represents: 5 servings of protein per day, (including 1 tael) Fish, 1 tael of meat, 1 egg, 1 bag of milk, and 1 serving of soy products)
"6" represents: no more than 6 grams of salt per day
"7" represents: About 7 glasses of water a day
"8" means: quit smoking and limit alcohol
Diabetic patients should pay attention to their diet. If the total amount of a meal is compared to 1, the staple food should account for 1 /4, protein accounts for 1/4, vegetables and fruits account for 1/2.
Do not eat foods containing glucose and sucrose. In terms of staple food, you often eat easy whole grains, such as brown rice, buckwheat, and beans. Non-staple food is mainly vegetables, such as bitter melon, tomatoes, Chinese cabbage, cucumber, etc.
Diabetic patients should understand blood sugar fluctuations in their bodies at any time and at any time, so that they can better cooperate with doctors in diet control and drug treatment. Prevent, identify and manage hypoglycemic events, especially unintentional hypoglycemia, to improve treatment safety. And postprandial blood sugar is more important than fasting blood sugar.
Sleeping should be arranged at a relatively fixed time every day. Under normal circumstances, diabetic patients should not work at night. They should not go to bed too late at night. It is better to go to bed before 23:00 and sleep for an hour at noon during the day. about. People with diabetes generally have poor blood circulation. Sleeping on the right side can reduce the pressure on the heart, promote blood circulation, supply more oxygen to the heart and brain, and help prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
It means that fasting blood sugar is based on 7 mmol/L. For every 1 mmol/L higher, insulin can be increased by 0.7 units before dinner or before going to bed. For every 2 hours higher blood sugar after a meal, mmol/L, increase this pre-meal insulin unit by 1 unit.
Five or six is ??no more than seven, which means that the fasting blood sugar of diabetic patients should be controlled at 5-6 mmol/L. Seven and eight are inseparable, which means that the blood sugar of diabetic patients should be controlled at 7-8 mmol/L 2 hours after a meal. This is the ideal standard for blood sugar control in diabetics. However, older people with diabetes can relax their standards.
The Double Fifteen Principle is an "artifact" to save hypoglycemia. When the patient's blood sugar is between 2.8-3.9 mmol/L, he should take 15 grams of carbohydrates to replenish his sugar. Wait 15 minutes before measuring his blood sugar again. If his blood sugar is still <3.9 mmol/L, take another 15 grams of carbohydrates. 15 grams of carbohydrates is the amount of two soda crackers or a piece of sugar. However, patients who eat sugar-coated sugar can only correct hypoglycemia by taking 15 grams of glucose.
Diabetic patients should eat regularly and quantitatively to help stabilize blood sugar. Therefore, if you insist on monitoring your blood sugar every 3 days, and then compare it with the previous blood sugar value, you can find out the impact of diet on blood sugar, and then adjust the diet structure and amount.
One shake, two loads, three exhausts, four adjustments, five eliminations and six injections, seven stops, eight pulls, nine discharges and ten collections
Gently roll the injection pen, or turn the injection pen back and forth up and down 15 times to mix the insulin evenly. Check whether the insulin is shaken well, the insulin dosage form and the expiry date.
Remove the needle tip and rotate the needle clockwise on the refill holder.
Turn the dose adjustment plug to 2 unit doses, tap the refill with the needle pointing upward, and release the air. When medicine flows out of the needle, it means that the air has been exhausted.
Turn the dosage adjustment plug to select the dosage you need.
Use alcohol cotton to disinfect the injection site in a circular motion from the inside to the outside with the injection point as the center. The injection site can usually be selected as the abdomen, upper arm, thigh, or buttocks. Wait for the alcohol to evaporate.
In children and thin adults, insert the needle at a 45° angle to the skin. Normal weight adults are at 90°. The distance between two injections should be more than 2 cm.
The injection site should be at least one palm away from the joint to avoid injecting into scars or hard lumps.
After the injection is completed, the dose window returns to zero and the injection posture is maintained for 10 seconds.
Use a dry cotton swab to gently press the syringe site and pull out the needle.
Cover the needle jacket, remove the needle counterclockwise and throw it into a special trash can for sharps.
Store insulin and pens in a safe place. Open vials of insulin are good for 28 days at room temperature.