Food crops in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties were still the staple food in the Warring States Period, Qin and Han Dynasties, but the proportion changed. For example, millet was often mentioned in the literature in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, but "millet" was paid equal attention to in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Millet is millet, which has occupied a dominant position since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and also became a synonym for rations in the Han Dynasty. As soybean, Zizania latifolia has a higher position in grain than in the past. One of the reasons is that the invention of stone mill changed the way of eating soybean. In the past, soybeans were directly cooked into bean rice to eat, and soybeans were difficult to cook and it was inconvenient to eat. With a stone mill, soybeans can be ground into powder and soybean milk, which is very convenient to eat. At the same time, soybean is a kind of barren-tolerant crop, which can be used for emergency and hunger relief when green and yellow crops are not harvested. In addition, the root of soybean is rich in rhizobia, which can fertilize the field and is beneficial to the growth of the next crop, so soybean planting is increasingly extensive. The same applies to wheat. As a staple food in the south, rice was planted in the Yellow River valley as early as Shang and Zhou Dynasties, but its area was small and its proportion in food crops was very small. It was still a precious food until the Spring and Autumn Period, and only the upper-class nobles could eat rice, so its cultivation was naturally not extensive. Non-staple food Because the animal husbandry, garden industry, aquaculture and fishing industry were developed in the Spring and Autumn Period, Warring States Period, Qin and Han Dynasties, the non-staple food in this period was also very rich and varied. The animal husbandry of meat food during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period was quite developed. At that time, "six livestock" meant horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, dogs and pigs. Cattle and horses are mainly used as the driving force of farming and transportation, and meat mainly depends on small livestock such as pigs, sheep, chickens and dogs. Of course, this kind of meat, like luxurious rice food, can only be enjoyed by the rulers all day long, so "meat eater" has become synonymous with the ruling class. In the famous Cao Gui debate story, "meat eater is contemptible!" ("Ten Years of Zuo Zhuan and Zhuang Gong") In addition, there is a prominent feature in the meat in the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, which is the prevalence of eating dog meat. At that time, butchers specialized in slaughtering dogs appeared, such as Nie Zheng and Jing Ke during the Warring States Period. So many people take killing dogs as their profession, which shows the prosperity of eating dog meat at that time. A set of exquisite pottery tableware in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Of course, in addition to domestic livestock and poultry, there are also some wild animals that are hunted, and the types are similar to those of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Aquatic products, fish and soft-shelled turtle, are one of people's favorite non-staple foods. Mencius famously said, "I want what I want from the fish, and I want what I want from the bear's paw." You can't have both, and you can take the bear's paw instead of the fish. " Compared with bear's paw, fish is an easy-to-get food every day. Relatively speaking, it is not easy to raise and catch soft-shelled turtle, so soft-shelled turtle is more precious than fish. Turtle is called "peculiar smell", which is a rare delicacy and a gift for princes, showing its preciousness.