Huzhou is an ancient city in the south of the Yangtze River with a history of more than 2000 years. In the fifteenth year of the reign of Emperor Gaolie of Chu (248 BC), Huang Xie moved here to build a city in the spring, and later Yucheng County was named after Zeduo. In the second year of Sui Renshou (AD 602), he was ruled by the state, and Huzhou was located on the shore of Taihu Lake. From then on, the name of Huzhou began. After liberation, Zhejiang No.1 Special Zone, Jiaxing Special Zone and Jiaxing District were successively established, and the administrative office was located in Huzhou for a long time. 1983, 10 in June, the city was established, Jiaxing area was abolished, and Huzhou and Jiaxing were established. Huzhou has jurisdiction over Deqing, Changxing and Anji counties, as well as urban and suburban areas. 1988 abolished the establishment of urban areas and suburbs, 1993 established urban areas, Nanxun areas and Linghu areas. In 2003, the urban area, Nanxun and Linghu were abolished, and Xing Wu and Nanxun were established.
Huzhou is one of the birthplaces of silk culture, tea culture and lakeside culture in China. The silk unearthed from the Qianshangyang site in the suburbs is the oldest silk found in the world so far. Nanxun's Gillis won the Panama International Gold Award 18 15. The Guzhu Mountain in Changxing once built the first tribute tea garden in the history of China, which was the main place for tea activities of "Cha Sheng" Lu Yu. Hu Bi, which is listed as the first of the "Four Treasures of the Study", is produced in Shanlian, Huzhou, and the people respectfully call Meng Tian, the general of Qin, the "pen ancestor". Huzhou is full of talents and rich in humanities. History not only gave birth to a number of celebrities such as Meng Jiao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, Zhao, a painter in the Yuan Dynasty, Ling Mengchu, a novelist in the Ming Dynasty and Wu Changshuo, a master of modern painting and calligraphy, but also attracted many celebrities such as Wang Xizhi, Yan Zhenqing, Lu Yu and Su Shi. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, Huzhou has 18 academicians (academicians of the two academies). Among the heroes of "two bombs and one satellite", Qian Sanqiang, Zhao Jiuzhang and Tu Shouyi are from Huzhou. Wang Qimin, the iron man of the new era, Wang Wei, the guardian of the sea and air, and Shen Kecheng, the guardian of the people, are all the pride of Huzhou people today. The geographical environment, history, culture and customs of Huzhou, Zhejiang Province.
Huzhou is a famous historical and cultural city with typical characteristics of Jiangnan water town, with beautiful scenery, rich products and rich humanities. At present, Huzhou's tourism industry is developing at an extraordinary speed, which has driven many economic industries to take off, and the catering industry is one of them.
The world is beautiful.
The beautiful world consists of countless beautiful beings, such as clothes, food, ancient buildings and so on. Huzhou cuisine should have a place in this food world!
Huzhou, located on the south bank of Taihu Lake, has a long history. It is the ancient city of wuyue, the county seat in the southeast. It is rich in products, humid climate, clear mountains and rivers, and rich in tourism and food resources. Among them, "Hundred Fish Banquet", "Hundred Bamboo Shoots Banquet", "Ding Lianfang Thousand Steamed Buns", "Sauced Mutton" and "Tea Banquet" are intoxicating. However, with the rapid development of tourism today, Huzhou cuisine does not match the tourism well, and echoes its cultural awareness and tourism. Food and tourism have not formed a joint force, and cooperation is not good.
Evaluation of food resources in Huzhou
1, with a long history and superior geographical environment. According to historical records, as early as the Neolithic Age (more than 7,000 years ago), ancient humans existed in Huzhou. Cultural relics unearthed from Qianshanyang site more than 4700 years ago, such as ceramics, spinning wheels, net pendants, stone tools, jade, rice, woven fabrics, silk fabrics, etc. It shows that Huzhou is one of the earliest "hometown of rice cultivation" in the world and one of the earliest cradles of mulberry planting, silk weaving and hemp weaving in China.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Huzhou belonged to the land of Wu Yue Chu. In 333 BC, the State of Chu took this place as the fief of Huang Xie, the king of the Spring Shen Dynasty, and established Zicheng County, named after Zeduo Cao Cao. So Huzhou has a history of more than 2300 years. For thousands of years, this rich and beautiful land has not only nurtured generations of hard-working and intelligent Huzhou people, but also produced many celebrities, bachelors and poets. At present, the people of Huzhou are striving to build Huzhou into the most livable landscape garden resort. At the same time, Huzhou's "cooking" is a must, and "eating in Huzhou" has a long reputation. In 222 BC, Qin Shihuang changed Qiang City into Wucheng, so he borrowed local grain and fine wine and chose Wucheng County as the place where Wujin and Colin were good at brewing fine wine. In the second year of Sui Renshou (AD 602), Wucheng was renamed Huzhou in the name of Taihu Lake because it was on the verge of Taihu Lake, which produced delicious fish and shrimp. According to the annals of national history, Huzhou is "sensitive and soft, thicker than interest". Su Dongpo, a famous poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, once lingered in this treasure land, praising Huzhou cuisine with poems such as "I was thin and eager to fly, but I didn't talk about it first" and "I was tired of quinoa for three years and envied fish for a long time". It is said that Su Dongpo's kung fu of coming to Huzhou to taste hairy crabs is also a must.
Huzhou is near Taihu Lake in the north, Tianmu in the west, and Tiaoxi in the east and west meet and pass through the city. Northeast China has flat terrain, criss-crossing harbors, dense lakes, river networks and ponds, fertile land, pleasant climate and abundant resources; The southwest is rich in bamboo, tea, dried and fresh fruits and building materials. Huzhou is a typical Jiangnan water town. Since ancient times, it has been known as "the land of plenty" and "the house of silk". This unique geographical environment has laid a solid foundation for the development of Huzhou's special cuisine and provided extremely favorable conditions for the development of Huzhou's tourism industry.
2. Rich in raw materials and many kinds of food. Huzhou is located in the center of Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou, with convenient transportation and rich food resources, which has created favorable conditions for the development of Huzhou's food economy and tourism.
Huzhou has a developed water system and rich fish resources. Huzhou is located in Hangjiahu Plain, with developed water system and criss-crossing rivers and ports, forming a criss-crossing water network zone, which is called "Crystal Palace" and "Land of Clouds and Water". The ancient poem says, "Four rivers are connected, holding the city oblique, scattered into thousands of streams, and thousands of households." There are 0/02 species of freshwater fish/kloc-in the whole city, which is one of the largest freshwater fish production bases in China. The rich and colorful fish resources have created excellent opportunities for famous chefs and chefs of past dynasties to display their talents, created generations of famous chefs and gourmets of fish dishes, and formed the "fish culture" in Huzhou's special cuisine. There is a story in The Legend of the Emperor Entering the Palace to Ask about Fish Freshness: It is said that one year the emperor summoned four new Jinshi into the palace to ask which part of the fish was the best. Zhao, Qian, Sun and Li Jinshi said fish head, fish tail, fish back and fish belly respectively, and the four people expressed their opinions and could not argue. The emperor thought Huzhou was a land of plenty, so he quickly ordered a scholar from Huzhou to ask. Kan Kan, a scholar from Huzhou, replied: In spring, the fish is fat and the head is fragrant; In summer, the fish is fat and the fish tail is delicious; In autumn, fish love to howl, the meat is fat and tender, and the fish back is fresh; In winter, fish sink to the bottom of the river, and their bellies are very fat. Therefore, Huzhou people's experience in eating fish is "eat fish heads in spring and fish tails in summer, and eat their backs in autumn." Hearing this, the emperor exclaimed, "Huzhou people are really diners!" "
Huzhou is rich in fresh fish, Huzhou people love to eat fresh fish, and Huzhou chefs are also good at cooking fish dishes. For thousands of years, on the basis of a long history of eating fish, chefs have innovated and adopted a variety of cooking methods, such as "frying, sliding, frying, frying, stewing, frying, steaming, stewing, smoking, roasting, salt and brine", on June 5438+097965438+ 10.
Huzhou has a pleasant climate and excellent edible plants. Huzhou is located in the monsoon climate zone, with four distinct seasons, synchronous rain and heat, synchronous light and temperature, abundant precipitation, mild and humid air and diverse ecological environment. According to statistics, there are more than 2300 kinds of plants in this city. Among them, economic forest plants include peach, plum, chestnut, tea, camellia oleifera, pecan, Phyllostachys pubescens, green plum and so on. Belonging to food crops are rice, barley, wheat, sweet potato, etc. Economic crops include rape and a large number of aquatic plants such as vegetables and water lilies.
Huzhou Anji is known as the "Bamboo Town of China", with overlapping mountains, bamboo cultivation and 900,000 mu of bamboo forest, which is the highest in China. Where there is bamboo, there are bamboo shoots, which are tender and delicious, rich in nutrition and can be used to make all kinds of delicious food. Local villagers use bamboo shoots, early garden bamboo shoots, chicken-fed bamboo shoots and fresh bamboo shoots as raw materials, and use traditional processing methods such as pickling, sauce making and soaking to make all kinds of fresh bamboo shoots into bamboo shoots with different tastes. When eating, cooking methods such as boiling, frying and steaming are used to make various delicious bamboo shoots and dishes. No wonder Su Dongpo wrote a beautiful sentence, "You can eat without meat, you can't live without bamboo, and you can't live without bamboo for a day." In recent ten years, famous chefs in Anji have used modern cooking methods such as smoking, frying, stewing and frying to produce bamboo shoots, including cold dishes, hot dishes, snacks and soups. Among them, Mr. Cao, a great master, has been studying, researching, excavating and creating more than 65,438+060 kinds of bamboo shoot dishes, some of which have been compiled into "Famous Cuisine of Famous Chefs in China". Nowadays, the "Hundred Bamboo Shoots Banquet" has been integrated into the eco-tourism project of Anji Bamboo Township. This nutritious and healthy green food is unforgettable for tourists.
Tea is one of the three major drinks in the world. Huzhou is the birthplace of tea culture, and the first monograph in Chinese tea history and the first tea book in the world-Tea Classic (Tang Lu Yu) was published in Huzhou. Lu Yu, a native of Jingling, Hubei Province in the middle Tang Dynasty, came to Huzhou in his twenties via Jiangxi and other provinces. He first lived in Jue Mountain and became friends with the poet Jiao Ran. After being introduced by Jiao Ran, he became friends with Yan Zhenqing, and soon lived in Qingtangmen, Huzhou, and then specialized in tea research.
Changxing Ancient Bamboo Camellia Area is located in the northwest of Changxing, surrounded by mountains on three sides. The mountain is not high, and the highest point is only 250 meters above sea level. Tea gardens are mostly in the mountain dock, which is called "Yi". Purple bamboo shoot tribute tea, a famous tea, is listed as the second kind of tribute tea in Supplement to the History of Tang Dynasty. Since the Tang dynasty, there has been a large-scale tribute tea courtyard in ancient bamboo, which is engaged in the production of purple bamboo tea. According to Tiaoxi Language Conghua, ancient bamboo tea originated from a monk and was recommended by Lu Yu as tribute tea, which developed rapidly. From the fifth year of Tang Daizong Dali (770) to the third year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1646), it has a history of 876 years, and purple bamboo tea has become one of the oldest items in the middle class system of famous tea in China.
Tang Lu wrote in the Book of Tea: "The purple is the best, followed by the green; On bamboo shoots, buds are second. " Take the word "Shang" according to the meaning of tea classics and name it "Zizun", that is, the origin of the name of Zizun tea. In recent years, the chefs in Changxing have developed a "tea banquet" which integrates Lu Yu, tea classics, purple bamboo shoots tea and tea culture, making tourists feast their eyes and cultivate their sentiments, and combining tea culture with food culture. "Tea Banquet" takes tea and tea culture as the keynote, takes locally produced tea, dried fruit, animals and fresh river as raw materials, and directly cooks dishes named after tea with exquisite cooking skills, which is refreshing; Or dishes that are combined with tea culture or human landscape in pictographic and tacit ways, which makes people associate; Or a dish cooked with tea and main ingredients, so that the banquet is filled with rich tea fragrance; Or take local Tujia cuisine as the main tone and purple bamboo shoots as the tea, so that people can appreciate the local folk customs. In a word, the launch of "Tea Banquet" has added new cultural connotations to Huzhou's gourmet culture, injected brand-new contents into Huzhou's tourism development, and is also an important window for tourists to learn about Huzhou, Changxing, Zizun Tea and Luyu Tea Culture.
3, outstanding people, famous chefs are skilled. Huzhou is rich and beautiful, with outstanding people. For more than 2,000 years, it has not only nurtured countless hardworking and intelligent ancestors, but also attracted many literati and famous chefs to settle here, travel, give lectures, paint in politics and show their talents. Huzhou is located in the "Golden Triangle" zone of Hangjiahu, in the "Xanadu" and on the south bank of Taihu Lake, so it is rich in products and has a high quality of life. According to Huzhou custom, Huzhou people "pay attention to food, clothing, housing and transportation, and entertainment". Indeed, Huzhou people love beauty, Huzhou people pay attention to diet, "eat in Huzhou", and live up to their reputation. There are many legends, stories and folk songs with the theme of eating, such as "Twelve Eclipses of Fish", "Folk Songs of Eating in Western Wu" and "Inquiring about Fish Fresh in Emperor's Palace". These all reflect people's praise for Huzhou cuisine.
Since the late Qing Dynasty, there have been many famous chefs in Huzhou cuisine. With their intelligence, continuous learning and innovation, and superb talent, they produced famous dishes such as Ding Lianfang Qianzhangbaozi, Zhu Lao Zongzi, Zhang Yipin Sauced Mutton, Huzhou rotten eel shreds, Sara descendants cake, Nanxun orange cake and so on, and their fame spread all over the south of the Yangtze River.