They cut open the pregnant woman's belly and killed the baby inside. Before the victim died, they tortured for fun and combined laughter with the victim's misery.
They put the heads of the dead into tall pyramids according to the classification of men, women and children to show off their martial arts.
They tried their best to destroy all the houses, pollute the water source with rotting corpses, and try to freeze and starve the escaped survivors.
Or killed by the plague. In Oxsus, a woman shouted before she was killed that she could give Mongolian jewelry to spare her life. As a result, as soon as the Mongols heard that the jewels had been swallowed, they immediately dug out her stomach and took out the jewels ... After Genghis Khan learned about it, he ordered everyone to dig out their stomachs and check whether there were jewels inside.
They rape their wives and daughters in front of their husbands and fathers, then kill the raped women and their male relatives and watch them suffer for fun.
.
The slaughter and plunder in Mongolia did not restore the bustling area on the Silk Road to its original level today. Genghis Khan, after conquering the flower thorn submodule, prepared to attack Baghdad and looted several border towns in Baghdad. Because some Persians in areas that were not completely slaughtered could not stand blackmail, he gave up his plan to go to Baghdad and returned to the residents who resisted the massacre of the flower thorn submodule.
At the same time, Genghis Khan sent his men, Zhe Bie and Subutai, to the west into the Caucasus, ransacking Azerbaijan, Georgia and other places, and further into the Volga River.
Zhe Bie's army greedily killed people there, which delayed their advance. Genghis Khan, who didn't get a timely report, gave up his plan to continue the western expedition. He decided to return to China to plunder. On the way to Russia, Zhe Bie's army was resisted by three Christian nationalities and a Turkic (Chincha) national alliance and could not win. He lied to the Turks that we were of the same clan. If you don't help the foreign enemy, we will share the plundered wealth with you.
The Turkish army betrayed the allies and withdrew from the battlefield. After the Mongolian army wiped out the troops of three weak Caucasus countries, it immediately attacked their new allies, regained the spoils and continued to fight with the Russian army. By luring the enemy to cut off the supply line, the Russian army was destroyed. Due to insufficient troops, they plundered the local area and returned to the Mongolian grassland.
The genocide and crazy plunder of Mongolian troops around the world are due to their barbaric nature, not for revenge. When Genghis Khan was educating his descendants on the way back from the Western Expedition, he said a famous motto: "The greatest pleasure in life is to completely kill the enemy, take all their belongings, watch their relatives cry, ride their horses and rape their wives and daughters." All the people in the world don't want to be slaughtered or raped by them.
What the Mongolian Empire did in the northern, northwestern and Sichuan regions of China in the early and middle period was no different from their brutal crimes in Islamic and Christian countries. We can find in ancient books that China people were divided into 10 or 100 units, which were distributed to the army and killed one by one. Seeing them destroy houses, kidnap and rape women and children is similar to the records of Muslim countries and Christian countries. It has been recorded at home and abroad that passers-by could not help crying when they saw the scene of the Mongolian Empire Massacre.
The characteristics of civilized society in ancient countries are the same as those of modern people, that is, they are accustomed to doing their own jobs well in the social division of labor, but not accustomed to everyone's war of resistance. When Persia was brutally invaded by Mongols, a Mongolian soldier could order a large group of Persians to be bound to each other and killed by Mongolian soldiers.
Before that, countless ethnic groups with poor resistance in Central Asia and Eastern Europe disappeared silently under the butcher's knife. Modern Chinese historians describe Genghis Khan and his followers' conquest of the world as promoting the communication between the East and the West and promoting the ethnic integration of China.
It is necessary for all people in China to know what it means for our national integration when those who claim that "the land covered by the blue sky will become Mongolian pasture" are ready to publicize it again. He always carefully looks for weak opponents with weak strength as the target of grabbing, increases his strength after winning, and then looks for bigger opponents. He used the excuse that Xixia did not send troops to help its western expedition and did not send his son to Mongolia as a hostage, so he assembled on a large scale.
Western emissaries depict Mongolians
The good things about the Tatars have been said above, and now it's time to talk about some of their bad things. They are the most arrogant to other nations and despise all mankind. Indeed, no matter whether the nobles of other nationalities are civilians or not, they are regarded as nothing. In Khan's court account, we saw Jelozlauv (a Russian maharaja), the sons of the king and queen of Georgia, and many prominent sultans and maharajas in South Korea, but these distinguished guests did not get due respect. The Tatars sent to take care of them, no matter how humble they are, always sit down before these foreign guests. Indeed, these distinguished guests can only sit down.
For other nationalities, they are always furious. They also often cheat other peoples. In fact, they never tell the truth. Of course, they always talk sweet at first, but in the end they will attack like poisonous scorpions. They are very cunning and cunning, and always try their best to deceive everyone by deception. Their methods are as despicable as their diet. When they want to calculate others, they can use amazing means to hide their intentions. Let others by surprise. Can't cope with their tricks.
Being drunk is considered an honorable thing by them. Even if someone drinks too much and vomits and gets sick, they won't give up drinking. They are very greedy and stingy. Accustomed to asking for things from others, but penniless. They don't take the slaughter of other peoples seriously. In short, it is impossible to write all their bad characters, because they have many bad characters. It's hard to write.
They can eat whatever they can. They eat dogs, wolves, foxes and horses, and when necessary, they also eat human flesh. For example, when they attacked a city in China (where Emperor China was stationed), they besieged the city for too long and ate up all their food, so every ten people took out one to eat as food. They eat the dirty things that the mare excretes when she gives birth to her pony. Not only that, I even saw them eating lice. They said, "This thing eats my son's flesh and drinks his blood. Can't I eat? " I've seen them eat mice.
They don't use tablecloths or napkins. They have no bread, no fruits and vegetables, and nothing but meat. However, they eat very little meat, and other ethnic groups can hardly live on it.
Their hands are covered with meat and grease. When they eat, they will wipe their hands with things like leg wraps or grass. According to their custom, people with higher status have a small piece of cloth and use it to wipe their hands after eating. When eating meat, one person cuts it into small pieces, and the other person takes the meat with the tip of a knife and gives it to everyone. Some people give more, others give less, and the quantity depends on status.
They never wash dishes, even occasionally with broth. After washing, they poured the soup and meat back into the pot. If you want to clean utensils such as pots and spoons, you should also clean them in the same way. They think it is a great crime to waste any food or drink in any way; Therefore, they are not allowed to throw the bone to the dog until the bone marrow is completely sucked. They never wash their own clothes, and they don't allow others to wash their clothes, especially when it thunders and the weather changes.
As long as there is horse milk, drink a lot. They also drink goat's milk, milk and even camel milk. They don't have their own wine, ale or mead unless they are brought or given to them by other nationalities. Also, people who are generally not rich in winter can't drink horse milk. They boiled millet in water, and the water was very thin, so they could only drink soup. Everyone drinks one or two bowls in the morning and stops eating during the day. However, in the evening, each of them eats a little meat and drinks some broth. However, in summer, because they have a lot of horse milk, they seldom eat meat unless they are given meat occasionally, or they catch some wild animals or birds when hunting.
Mongolians and World Plague
Religious paintings showing the Black Death
1345, it was rumored that a plague raging in the east was spreading everywhere in the fertile Crimean peninsula on the coast of the Black Sea. However, what was more terrible at that time was not the legendary plague, but the invincible Mongolian army. The Mongols have reached the edge of Europe. Kafa city on the Crimean peninsula is a fortified city established by Italian businessmen, while the Mongols have been in Enemy at the Gates.
The cause of the war was nothing more than a dispute between a group of Italian businessmen and local Muslim residents in the street. This small-scale conflict suddenly escalated, and Muslims sought help from the Mongols who moved westward. The Mongolian prince who wanted to conquer the whole Crimean peninsula took this opportunity to send troops without hesitation and besieged this group of Italian businessmen and defenders of the Eastern Roman Empire within the walls of Kafa.
Kafa's solid city defense and the stubborn resistance of the defenders made it difficult for the Mongolian army to conquer for a while, and the siege lasted for a whole year. At this time, the legendary terror plague began to break out in the Mongolian army. The soldiers fell down one by one, and there was no more wild shouting and killing in the Mongolian military camp. Facing the unprecedented weakness of his subordinates, the Mongolian prince was forced to decide to end the siege.
The defenders of Kafa city don't know what happened in the Mongolian military camp. They just wondered why the Mongols, who had always been aggressive, suddenly became quiet and didn't attack for several days. Can it be said that the Mongols have given up for a long time? Or are you accumulating new energy and preparing to launch a stronger attack? Presumably, the exhausted Kafa defenders had a rare quiet day.
However, just one morning a few days later, Kafa's defenders were surprised to find that the Mongols had laid a siege at the gates again. This time, they seem to have changed their tactics, no longer using the ladder, and no longer unnecessarily letting thousands of soldiers and ants storm the city wall. Instead, they set up rows of huge wooden trebuchets more than three people high outside the city wall. They're going to fire shells at the city! Kafa defenders waited in fear, not knowing what fate would befall them.
With the Mongolian prince's command, countless deadly new projectiles flew to Kafa City. In a flash, Kafa's defenders were all stunned. God, those shells ... they're all people!
The defenders of Kafa haven't reacted yet, but the rotting bodies of soldiers infected by the plague have been suddenly thrown into the air and flew into Kafa City. Kafa is full of bodies.
Soon, these rotting corpses, unknown to Kafa defenders, began to pollute the air and poison the water source. People finally understood the intention of the Mongolian army, because the terrible plague, the Black Death, began to break out in Kafa City. At first, patients with this disease have symptoms such as chills and headaches, and then they have fever, delirium, coma, extensive bleeding of the skin, malignant ulcers and respiratory failure; As little as two or three days, as much as four or five days, they died one after another. After death, the skin is often dark purple, hence the name "Black Death". People at that time did not know that this was the plague, a serious infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis. Within a few days, the Kafa legal person in the city wall was killed one after another, and the streets and alleys in the city were full of dead bodies covered with malignant sores and black spots. Kafa became a hell on earth, and those who survived were covered with black veil and fled outside the city in panic.
In this way, Italian businessmen in Kafa embarked on the road of escape. They boarded the sailboat and prepared to return to their hometown in Italy. However, what these people don't know is that they are accompanied by rats and fleas, which are the chief culprits of spreading the Black Death. Rats infected by fleas climbed the mooring rope, hid in the cargo hold and sailed for the Mediterranean with the sailboat.
When the Italian merchant's fleet was still at sea, the news that Kafa City was shrouded in the Black Death had spread all over the world, and Europe suddenly became nervous. The fleet made a long journey back to Italy, but no one agreed to dock, because when the ship was sailing at sea, people were infected with deadly bacteria and the sailors were dying.
1347 June, these businessmen finally arrived at the port of Messina in Sicily. The frightened port manager isolated the ship, but it was too late. Just when the first mooring line was connected to the shore, the mouse had already landed first, and the short stay was enough for the Black Death to land in Europe.
Of course, it is not only Italian businessmen who escaped from Kafa City, but also they called at more than one or two ports. Therefore, the fugitives soon brought the Black Death to the whole of Europe, not only the European continent, but also the British Isles and North African countries. The most appalling disaster in European history began. 1348, Europe was overpopulated and disasters continued. The outbreak of war, agricultural failure, famine and other epidemics have made weak Europe difficult, and a new plague came at this time. In just two years, the Black Death sent nearly one third of Europe's population to hell, and more than 20 million people were missing.
As we all know, the dark Middle Ages in Europe were associated with the rule of the church, and the great damage caused by the Black Death became a turning point in history. This catastrophe caused the population of Europe to plummet and become devastated beyond recognition. Many survivors questioned the old system and shook traditional values. So some people say that it was the popularity of the Black Death that objectively destroyed the old social system and ushered in the dawn of the European Renaissance. Perhaps this is true, but even after more than one hundred years of this terrible disaster, the survivors are still burdened with deep suffering, and it is still difficult to get out of the haze of the disaster. The price is painful and unspeakable. Even today, you can still feel the fascinating horror from the songs sung by kindergarten children: "Roses open in circles and bouquets are full of pockets. Atishoo, Atishoo, we are all dead ... "
Many netizens have heard a famous saying by Genghis Khan (Temujin): "The greatest happiness in life is to hunt down your enemies everywhere, invade their land, plunder their wealth, and then listen to the cries of their wives and children."
There are several similar versions. So, where did this sentence come from? Which version is the most accurate and complete? Ximen Bao began to look up some information and found a very authoritative version at present. I hope everyone can have a more accurate basis for writing articles in the future. This edition is Genghis Khan-Biography and Research, written by Yu Dajun, an authoritative expert in Mongolian studies (Inner Mongolia Ancient People's Publishing House, 2002 edition, 433 pages), which is called "the most authoritative". Moreover, I found that all popular versions "omitted" a very obscene description of Genghis Khan:
Genghis Khan said: "suppress the rebels, defeat the enemy, uproot them and seize everything from them;" Let their married women cry; Horses riding on their smooth backs; Taking their beautiful empresses' bellies as pajamas and cushions, watching their rosy cheeks and kissing and sucking their nipple-colored sweet lips are men's greatest pleasure! "(Note 1)
This confession of Genghis Khan (Temujin) vividly outlines a murderer and a dirty erotic ugliness!
Compared with Temujin, Hitler seems to be an angel.
Hitler won't have more blood on his hands than Temujin.
Hitler was the failed Qin Shihuang in Europe.
Genghis Khan was destroyed but not built!
According to the Secret History of Mongolia, Doben Morgan, the direct ancestor of Genghis Khan, once asked for a piece of meat in the forest. On his way home, he saw a man from another tribe starving to death. He offered to sell his son to Doben maergen in exchange for the meat. Doben Morgan gave him meat and took the boy home as a slave. It can be seen that nomadic people at that time were often hungry and cold, and sold their sons for a meal. After Doben Morgan's death, the slave and his wife had three children, one of whom was Temujin's direct ancestor.
Is this an accidental phenomenon? Then let me see, Doben Morgan's wife has five children. When their mother died, the youngest child Bodoncha was still young, and the other four brothers immediately shared her mother's livestock and food. Don't let little Dong Bo check anything. Baidongcha was hungry and cold, and was rescued by a group of kind herders. They gave him food. A few years later, Baidongcha got to know his brothers and instigated them to treat the herdsmen as slaves. Since then, their living conditions have improved. There may be many good herders on the grassland, but those slave owners are robbers, with no moral constraints and no evils. The descendants of Mongolian nobles appreciate these acts of biting the hand that feeds them. These "glorious" deeds are used as teaching materials by Mongolian nobles to teach them how to serve future generations and then pass them on to future generations.
According to Yuan Shi Ji, Mona Lun, Genghis Khan's distant grandmother, has seven sons. One day, a group of children dug grass roots in her territory to satisfy their hunger. Fearing that his pasture would be destroyed, Mona Lun ordered the children to be killed and injured by a car. As a result, he got into a fight with the tribe to which his children belonged and was outnumbered. Monalen and his six sons were almost killed at home and in the tribe. Only some disabled women and babies survived in Haidu. Haidu later became the first Khan of Mongolian tribe. )。 Humans are addicted to it. Nomads, if not struggling for survival, would never use grass roots to feed their children or kill people on a large scale.
The competition for food by nomadic people has been passed down from generation to generation, and Genghis Khan's generation is no exception. Nabler, the ancestor of Genghis Khan III, was sweating like a pig. Very high status. There are many ministries, but relatives still don't have enough to eat. After Genghis Khan's father died, their tribe stopped giving her mother meat to eat, and her mother quarreled with the wives of Anba's two children. As a result, their power tribe abandoned Genghis Khan's mother and her six young children. An old man persuaded them not to do so, so she was stabbed to death with a spear. Visible brutal and cruel customs.
After Genghis Khan's family was abandoned, they were even more hungry and cold. He killed his brother in order to rob a fish. Genghis Khan's family is an aristocrat on the grassland, with a high status, and so are aristocrats, not to mention ordinary people. Therefore, nomadic people "often have no food and clothing, and it often happens that fathers and sons kill each other for food." It is no exaggeration to say that the sick and disabled, old and young, have been abandoned.
When it comes to cruelty, there are more examples. Genghis Khan's mother married a tribal man, and his father who passed by Genghis Khan soon saw that his mother was beautiful and immediately asked his two brothers to kill the man. Seeing that the situation was not good, the man left his mother and rode away. The three brothers chased seven hills at the same time, and they didn't stop until they couldn't catch up. They came back to catch the crying women in the tent and raped them. Later, Genghis Khan was born. This kind of behavior, in any society, is a criminal who kills and rapes, and is despised by the mainstream of society. But in nomadic society, it is very common, and there is a nice name, called robbing marriage. Later, Genghis Khan's own wife was also robbed of marriage. Genghis Khan took his wife back without help. Killing each other like criminal gangs.
The so-called "powerful" Yuan Dynasty established by the blood wolves Mongols was only over 80 years, while the Song Dynasty was criticized as "weak" for over 300 years. This is the difference between civilization and barbarism.
[repost] We can't confuse Qin's destruction of the Six Kingdoms with the invasion of Mongolia, Yuan and Manchuria. 2007- 12-27 13:59
People with ulterior motives often compare Manchu's entry into the customs with Qin's reunification. Can we compare?
The mistake is that although in the Western Zhou Dynasty and the early Spring and Autumn Period, some scholars were biased against Qin Chu, thinking that they were barbarians, even barbarian countries. But after hundreds of years of civilization, as early as the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, people at that time generally regarded Qin and Chu as countries with Chinese civilization. Qin itself was a vassal state sealed by the Zhou Emperor, but it was not regarded as China by the Central Plains people because it was a barbarian in the early days, but Qin accepted the Central Plains civilization long ago and made progress to become the representative of Chinese civilization. As early as the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, people at that time had generally regarded Qin and Chu as countries of Chinese civilization. There is Qin Feng in The Book of Songs and Qin Shi by Qin Mugong in Shangshu. Qin also responded to the slogan of "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries" and became one of the five tyrants. "White Tiger Pass" ordered by Emperor Zhang of the Eastern Han Dynasty explained: "In three years, Wang Zhidao declined, while the five tyrants kept the government, led the princes to be emperors, transformed the world, revived China, and eliminated foreigners, so they dominated."
Qin and the six countries consider themselves China. The countries in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period are very different from those in the Song and Ming Dynasties. At that time, the state was the vassal of the emperor to the relatives and princes, especially the descendants of the emperor could get the national seal, and the Han Dynasty also had the national seal. Therefore, the relationship between countries at that time was basically the same as that of civilization and culture, and the language, writing, etiquette and sacrifice of all countries were similar, which was the internal affairs of the Chinese nation. In the Song and Ming Dynasties, the state had the nature of a nation-state. And Han nationality are basically two nationalities with different customs and cultures. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang proposed "expelling Land Rover and restoring China". From the early Qing Dynasty to Sun Yat-sen, they all put forward the idea of "expelling Tatars and restoring China". It can be seen that people's psychology at that time didn't regard Mongols and Manchus as China people at all. They don't think they are from China themselves. Did anyone put forward the slogan of expelling Qin people in the peasant war at the end of Qin Dynasty?
No, it's "cut the road and kill Qin." Qin people, six people. Regardless of each other, they all work under the same armed group and compete for the world. There is no struggle for national revolution and national liberation. How is it possible to juxtapose the invasions of Yuan Dynasty, Manchu Dynasty and Qin Dynasty?
Second, Qin's culture and various systems are the most advanced, which is not comparable to that of Yuan Dynasty and Manchu Dynasty.
Qin's national organization ability, currency and writing weights and measures and military handicrafts are the most advanced in all countries. After reunification, it was extended to all China. The thought of great unification and feudal autocracy lasted for more than two thousand years. Qin believes in legalism and emphasizes utility, unlike Confucianism, which is so pedantic and withdrawn. Therefore, it is ahead of other countries in economy, science and technology, military and national construction. Dujiangyan, Zheng Guoqu and Lingqu built by Qin Xiu are masterpieces in the history of world water conservancy. Large-scale projects in the Qin Dynasty, such as the Great Wall, Qin Shihuang Mausoleum, Epang Palace, Qin Zhi Road, etc. , can only be done by the Qin dynasty.
Qin's craftsman level and management mode are scientific and rigorous. Qin is good at social organization and project management. Have you seen "The Resurrected Legion" broadcast by CCTV? Qin is more prominent and powerful than other countries in handicraft industry, agriculture, various water conservancy projects and culture and education.
The unification of Qin language and writing is the progress within the same cultural system.
Don't make Qin's unified script so terrible. In fact, at that time, most of the languages of all countries were the same, with only a few variants. There is no language barrier in the communication between people of all countries, otherwise it can't explain the lobbying of debaters of all countries during the Warring States period. Confucius traveled around the world and never had a translation colleague. The unification of Qin only unified several variant characters. Secondly, Qin culture is also learning from others. The seal script created by Qin continued to be used in the Han Dynasty, but the fonts in other countries were no longer in circulation.
Other systems of the Qin Dynasty, such as the monetary system, were also advanced.
For example, the currency of Qin State is much more reasonable and convenient than the knife-shell currency used in other countries. The Kong Fang brothers spent two thousand years. Qin's county system and other political systems were also used.
History has proved that Qin's unification policy is successful, because its culture and system are the most advanced and reasonable.
It was not until the Qin Dynasty that it was unified in 15. If all kinds of unification measures were unreasonable, the old system would have been restored in the Han Dynasty after Qin's death. Look at Taiwan Province Province, South Korea was abolished immediately after Japanese recovery, and the braid was cut off immediately after the Revolution of 1911. This only shows that Qin, as an outstanding representative of advanced culture and advanced productive forces, is unquestionable.
The tonsure order is equivalent to Qin Shihuang's book, and the language is on the same track as the car. How ridiculous and absurd it is to compare the unification of Qin with the entry of Manchu into the customs.
Third, the legacy of Manchu is that Shenyang "commemorates Manchu's entry into the customs" and compares Manchu massacre with Qin Changping massacre, which is considered as the price of reunification and not worthy of criticism.
How can the Manchu massacre be compared with Qin? First of all, the scope of the massacre is different. Changping slaughtered only prisoners of war, while the Manchu massacre was extremely wide, with one city and one resistance. The whole city killed all civilians, old people, women and children. Not only that, but even the surrounding eight towns and villages will suffer and die.
Second, there was only one Changping massacre, which was a special case. The Manchu massacre had a wide geographical scope and a long time span. The Manchu massacre spread all over China, from Nurhachi to Kangxi's pacification of San Francisco. The massacre policy lasted for nearly a century. Throughout China, "there is no village in the county, no home in the village, and no perfect family".
Third, the Changping Massacre and Qin Shihuang's burning of books and burying Confucianism were scolded for two thousand years, and the Manchu Massacre was only revealed in modern times. However, many contemporary people (including historians) try to erase, cover up, forget and even defend a policy issue. Therefore, both the Nazis and Japan can use the word "policy" to beautify their crimes against humanity.
The unification of Qin ended hundreds of years of large-scale wars in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is of positive significance to production, culture and people's lives. After the reunification of the Qin dynasty, the Great Wall was built, the straight road was built, the Huns were repelled, and the troops were stationed in Heshuo. It protected the Central Plains from the Huns in the north and protected the developed productive forces in feudal society.
Qin, with highly developed productive forces and culture and advanced feudal system, was a leader in the Warring States period. Qin's unification of China is the inevitable development of history, and Qin's unification of China is the historical progress. It is by no means a great retrogression of the Yuan Dynasty and the Manchu Dynasty, and the great destruction is comparable.